每日新闻播报（December 19）

>Webster's word of the year
韦氏词典年度词汇揭晓
Merriam-Webster's word of the year for 2018 is "justice," the US dictionary publisher announced on Monday. The word follows "toxic," picked by Oxford Dictionaries, and "misinformation," plucked by Dictonary.com. This year, "justice" was consistently among the top 20 or 30 looked up by visitors to Merriam-Webster's website, editor-at-large Peter Sokolowski said. Searches for "justice" are up nearly 75% this year over last year on the website that has more than 100 million page views a month and nearly half a million entries, Sokolowski said. Usages that were common during 2018 included "racial justice," "obstruction of justice," "social justice," and "Justice Department," Sokolowski said.
美国词典出版商韦氏公司17日宣布，justice(正义、司法)被评为其2018年度词汇。此前，牛津词典和词典网站Dictonary.com已分别将toxic(有毒的)以及misinformation(虚假信息)选为年度词汇。韦氏特约编辑皮特•索科洛夫斯基表示，今年justice一直在其网站访问者的查询榜单上位列前20或前30。索科洛夫斯基称，今年韦氏网站上justice的搜索量比去年增长了近75%，该网站每月的页面浏览量超过1亿、收录近50万个词汇条目。据索科洛夫斯基介绍，2018年该词常见的用法包括racial justice(种族正义)、obstruction of justice(妨碍司法)、social justice(社会正义)以及Justice Department(司法部)。

>Couples who fight live longer
研究:吵架的夫妻更长寿
It may not be good news for your neighbors, but a blazing row with your other half could be the secret to a long life. Couples who let it all out during a tiff have a lower risk of ill health and dying early, a study has found. The key is to make sure you're both dealing with a dispute in the same manner, scientists said. Those who bottle up their anger while the other partner lets rip almost double their risk of an early death, they said. Researchers from the University of Arizona's psychology department say that, when couples react differently during arguments, it creates stress. "Discordant response styles may lead to increased relational conflict, which undermines long-term health," they said.
对左邻右舍来说这或许不是什么好消息，但是与另一半大吵一架有可能是长寿的秘诀。一项研究发现，那些在吵架时把情绪尽情爆发出来的夫妻，患病和早逝的风险较低。科学家们称，关键是要确保夫妻双方对待吵架的态度一致。如果夫妻当中的一人习惯隐藏怒火，而他的另一半习惯大吵大闹，那他们早死的风险几乎翻倍。亚利桑那大学心理学系的研究人员表示，当一对夫妻在争吵时的反应风格不一致时，压力便随之产生。对争吵的不同反应风格可能导致更大的人际冲突，从而损害长期健康。

>Pig-to-human skin transplant
人体移植猪皮试验获批
In the future, we may not need to rely on human donations for life-saving skin grafts. That's the goal of XenoTherapeutics, a Boston-based biotech nonprofit. The US Food and Drug Administration recently approved the group's initial application for temporary skin grafts curated from genetically modified pigs. This means that they can start testing pig skin grafts on people who have experienced severe burns. It's the first time that an animal organ has been cleared for human testing in the US. The nonprofit has been working closely with physicians at Massachusetts General Hospital, which will help conduct the clinical trials starting next month. The first trial will only be testing the grafts' safety and tolerability in six patients with severe burns. Assuming the results are positive after a month, the grafts will need to undergo two more stages of testing before they can be approved for widespread clinical use.
未来，可挽救生命的皮肤移植或许无需再依赖人类自身捐献——这就是总部设在波士顿的非营利性生物科技企业塞诺移植治疗公司的目标。美国食品和药物管理局最近批准了该公司使用基因改良猪的皮肤作为临时移植皮肤的初步申请。这意味着，他们可以开始对严重烧伤者进行猪皮移植测试。这也是美国首次批准用动物器官进行人体测试。这家非营利性企业一直与马萨诸塞综合医院的医生密切合作，该院从下月起将协助进行临床实验。初次临床实验将只在6名严重烧伤者身上测试移植皮的安全性及耐受性。假设一个月后临床实验的结果是积极的，移植皮还要进行两个阶段的测试，而后才可获批在临床上广泛应用。

>Palace Museum most visited
故宫年游客量破1700万
New figures show the Palace Museum has received 17 million visitors this year, making it the most visited museum in the world. The number of visitors to the Palace Museum hit 10 million in 2009. Attendance has continued growing rapidly since hitting that milestone, according to the museum. Analysis shows visitors below the age of 30 are the main force, accounting for 40% of the visitors to the Forbidden City. In an attempt to ease pressure on the ancient structure, Palace Museum officials have limited daily visitors to no more than 80,000 over the course of 76 days this year. Museum officials say the number of off-season visitors has also seen steady growth this year, taking up nearly 30% of all visits to the palace complex.
最新数据显示，故宫博物院今年已接待游客1700万人次，使其成为世界上参观人数最多的博物馆。故宫博物院称，2009年该博物院接待游客人次突破1000万大关，自那以来参观人数持续快速增长。分析显示，30岁以下人群乃故宫游客的主力，占全部游客数量的40%。为缓解故宫承受的压力，2018年，故宫实行每日限流8万人次措施共76天。故宫官员表示，今年淡季游客数量也出现稳步增长，在故宫总体到访游客数量中占比近30%。

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