每日新闻播报（April 20）

>Pop-up bike lanes in Germany
德国城市扩充自行车道

German cities are redrawing road markings to create "pop-up" cycle lanes for the duration of the COVID-19 lockdown, as cyclists demand more space to physically distance on their commutes to work.
由于骑车上下班的人需要更多空间保持身体距离，德国城市重划道路标识，在新冠肺炎疫情封锁期间"扩充"自行车道。

Local authorities in the Kreuzberg district of Berlin trialed a temporary widening of two cycle lanes on March 27, arguing it would help cyclists keep the required 1.5-meter distance apart while car traffic was down owing to Germany's coronavirus restrictions.
3月27日，柏林克罗伊茨贝格区地方政府尝试临时扩充两条自行车道，理由是在德国新冠肺炎疫情限制措施期间，路面汽车流量减少，扩充自行车道可以帮助骑车者按规定保持1.5米距离。

On Friday, the council declared the pilot scheme a success because it had improved cycling safety while not hindering traffic.
本月10日，地方政府宣布这项试验计划取得成功，因为此举让骑行更加安全，同时也未妨碍交通。

An expansion of the scheme on further roads in Kreuzberg, as well as in the Schoneberg and Tempelhof districts, is planned for the coming weeks.
未来几周，这项计划将扩大到克罗伊茨贝格区的其他公路，以及舍讷贝格区和滕珀尔霍夫区。

The council said it had used removable tape and mobile signs to mark out the expanded lanes, which can be removed when the current restrictions on movement are lifted.
区政府称，他们使用可移除胶带和移动标记标出扩充的车道。等到目前限制人员流动的规定取消后，这些车道标识可以去除。

>Phone tool to track COVID-19
手机将追踪病毒接触者

Tech giants Apple and Google are teaming up to create a system that would let smartphone users know when they've come into contact with someone who has COVID-19. The technology would rely on the Bluetooth signals that smartphones can both send out and receive.
科技巨头苹果公司和谷歌公司将联手打造一个系统，让智能手机用户知道他们何时与新冠病毒感染者有过接触。这项技术将依赖于智能手机发送和接收的蓝牙信号。

If a person tests positive for COVID-19, they could notify public health authorities through an app.
如果一名患者的新冠病毒检测呈阳性，他们可以通过一款应用程序通知公共卫生管理部门。

Those public health apps would then alert anyone whose smartphones had come near the infected person's phone in the prior 14 days.
这些公共卫生应用程序将向所有过去14天内其智能手机曾靠近患者手机的人发出警报。

Apple and Google are rolling out their contact-tracing technology in two steps.
苹果公司和谷歌公司正分两步推出这一接触跟踪技术。

In mid-May, they will release software that will let public health authorities build apps that exchange information via Bluetooth.
5月中旬，他们将发布一款软件，让公共卫生部门能够构建通过蓝牙交换信息的应用程序。

In the coming months, they will update their operating systems so phones can share information without having to install an app.
未来几个月，两家公司将升级操作系统，让手机无需安装应用程序就能共享信息。

>Coral reef's mass bleaching
大堡礁珊瑚大面积白化

The Australian government's top Great Barrier Reef scientist says a third mass bleaching event in five years is a clear signal the marine wonder is "calling for urgent help" on climate change.
澳大利亚政府大堡礁研究的权威科学家表示，五年内大堡礁发生第三次大规模白化现象，这是大堡礁这一海洋奇迹"呼吁紧急援助"应对气候变化的明确信号。

One quarter of the Great Barrier Reef suffered severe bleaching this summer in the most widespread outbreak ever witnessed, according to analysis of aerial surveys of more than 1,000 individual reefs released on April 7.
根据本月7日发布的一项对1000多个独立珊瑚礁的航空调查分析，今年夏天，在有史以来暴发最广泛的白化现象中，大堡礁1/4的区域出现了严重白化。

The Great Barrier Reef has experienced five mass bleaching events - 1998, 2002, 2016, 2017 and 2020 - all caused by rising ocean temperatures driven by global heating.
1998年、2002年、2016年、2017年和2020年，大堡礁共经历了五次大规模的白化，都是由全球变暖导致的海洋温度上升造成的。

Corals can recover from mild bleaching, but scientists say those corals are more susceptible to disease.
珊瑚可以从轻微的白化中恢复，但科学家表示，这些珊瑚更容易生病。

Severe bleaching can kill corals.
严重的白化会杀死珊瑚。

>Doctoral enrollment enlarged
今年博士扩招至10万人

Chinese universities will admit more doctoral students for 2020 to meet a target of 100,000 set by the Ministry of Education.
2020年中国高校将扩大博士生招生规模，以实现教育部制定的总规模达到10万人的目标。

Admissions policies unveiled by some universities showed that they will expand doctoral programs compared with last year.
一些大学公布的招生简章显示，与去年相比，这些学府将扩大博士生招生规模。

Shanghai Jiaotong University is expected to enroll about 2,500 doctoral students for 2020, 300 more than in 2019.
上海交通大学预计2020年招收博士生2500人左右，比2019年增加300人。

Renmin University of China opens about 1,000 slots for 131 doctoral programs this year, compared with 940 slots for 130 doctoral programs last year.
中国人民大学2020年博士生招生专业131个，招收博士生约1000人，去年该校博士生招生专业130个，招收博士生940人。

The universities with expanded doctoral programs also include Nankai University, Southeast University, Henan University, Guangzhou University and Airforce Medical University.
博士扩招的高校还包括南开大学、东南大学、河南大学、广州大学和空军医科大学。

In 2018, the ministry proposed a plan to increase the number of China's doctoral students to 100,000 in 2020.
2018年，教育部提出了2020年我国博士生招生总规模扩大至10万人的计划。

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