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李克强总理记者会文字实录(双语全文)

外交部官网 2021-03-12 13:26

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中国新闻社记者:总理您好。前两年住院费用的异地报销问题得到了解决,极大便利了异地就医。但是很多人外出打工,也有不少老年人是异地养老,他们门诊的看病开药还需要回原籍报销,非常不方便,所以请问门诊费用的报销何时能得到解决?
China News Service: Mr. Premier, in the past couple of years, we realized the inter-provincial on-the-spot reimbursement of hospitalization bills through individual accounts of basic medical insurance, making access to medical services away from one's hometown much easier. However, that is not yet the case for expenses incurred by seeing a doctor or taking prescription drugs for the many living and working in cities away from their home places, including the elderly people. This means they have to pay the bills upfront and travel back to their hometowns to have the bills settled. When can we realize the inter-provincial on-the-spot reimbursement of outpatient bills?


李克强:我在中国政府网的实名留言中,也看到了这类问题。的确,在一些学校门口,大家看到很多老人在接送孩子,这些老人不少是异地养老的,或者就是来帮子女带孩子的。他们中有人经常为异地报销医疗费奔波烦恼,这个问题应该下决心逐步解决。今年我们要扩大门诊费用跨省直接报销的范围,到明年年底前每个县都要确定一个定点的医疗机构,能够直接报销包括门诊费在内的医疗费用,不能再让这些老人为此烦心。这件事,还有类似的事,看似不大,政府工作人员多费些心,就可以让老人、让家庭多一点舒心。
Premier Li: This is an issue that has been raised by many people in their real-name-based posts on the Chinese government's portal website. When we pass school gates, it is often elderly people that we see who are sending children to school or picking them up. I suppose many of them are out-of-towners who are just in the city to help with caring for their grandchildren. They often face the hassle of traveling back to their hometowns to reimburse their medical expenses. The government is determined to have this problem resolved over time. By the end of this year, we will further expand the coverage of inter-provincial on-the-spot reimbursement of outpatient bills. By the end of next year, every county will have one designated medical institution which will be able to settle on-the-spot inter-provincially outpatient bills and other medical expenses. We should free elderly people from such trouble. Like other similar issues, this may not seem to be a very big thing. Yet if government officials care more and do more on these fronts, they will make life much easier for the elderly people and their families.

 


凤凰卫视记者:过去一年香港因为疫情饱受打击,未来两年又将进入选举年,此时全国人大会议就完善香港的选举制度作出了决定,人大常委会将就香港选举的相关法律进行修改。外界对于“一国两制”如何继续实践充满关注。您认为“一国两制”在香港将来要如何行稳致远?
Phoenix TV: In the past year, COVID-19 dealt a heavy blow to Hong Kong. In the next couple of years, Hong Kong will enter into an important period of elections. At this year's NPC session, a decision was adopted to improve the electoral system of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR). The Standing Committee of the NPC will amend relevant law. There is extensive attention on the future implementation of One Country, Two Systems. How to ensure the steady implementation of One Country, Two Systems in the Hong Kong SAR?


李克强:我们明确提出,要继续全面准确地贯彻“一国两制”、“港人治港”、高度自治方针,严格依照宪法和基本法办事,落实好特别行政区维护国家安全的法律制度和执行机制,全力支持特区政府和行政长官依法施政。
Premier Li: We have made it clear that we will continue to fully and faithfully implement the principle of One Country, Two Systems, under which the people of Hong Kong administer Hong Kong with a high degree of autonomy. We will continue to act in strict accordance with the Constitution and the Basic Law, fully implement the legal system and enforcement mechanisms for safeguarding national security in the Hong Kong SAR, and fully support the SAR government and its Chief Executive in administration according to law.


刚才你问到全国人大就完善香港选举制度作出决定,决定很明确,就是要坚持和完善“一国两制”的制度体系,始终坚持“爱国者治港”,也是为了确保“一国两制”行稳致远。
As for the NPC decision on improving the electoral system of the Hong Kong SAR you asked about, the purpose of the decision is clear-cut: it is to uphold and improve the system and institutions of One Country, Two Systems, uphold the principle of "patriots administering Hong Kong", and ensure steady implementation of One Country, Two Systems.


去年香港受到了多重冲击,我们希望香港各界能够携起手来尽早战胜疫情,实现经济恢复性增长,改善民生,保持香港长期繁荣稳定。中央政府会继续全力给予支持。
Last year, Hong Kong suffered multiple disruptions. We hope people from all walks of life in the Hong Kong SAR will work together to defeat the virus at an early date, revive economic growth, improve people's living standards and maintain Hong Kong's long-term prosperity and stability. The Central Government will continue to give Hong Kong full support.

 


中央广播电视总台央视记者:国家提出建设科技强国,但是目前在一些重点领域和关键技术上我们还存在短板,甚至出现了“卡脖子”的情况。与此同时,我们还看到了一些急功近利的现象,比如在一些地区,一些高新产业项目的大规模投入出现了烂尾。请问您如何看待这样的情况?未来政府在推动科技创新方面还会有哪些新的举措?
CCTV: China said it will make the country strong in science and technology. Yet our capability in some key areas still falls short, and certain critical technologies are still dependent on foreign supply. Some research seems to be oriented at quick success, and some high-tech projects in some regions with heavy investment have failed to deliver. How do you see such a situation? And what measures will the government take to spur innovation in science and technology?


李克强:多年来,我国在科技创新领域有一些重大突破,在应用创新领域发展得也很快,但是在基础研究领域的确存在着不足。要建设科技强国,提升科技创新能力,必须打牢基础研究和应用基础研究这个根基。打多深的基,才能盖多高的楼。不能急功近利,要一步一个脚印地走。
Premier Li: Our country has achieved major breakthroughs in scientific and technological innovations over the years, and application-oriented innovation has been developing fast. But it is also true that our basic research is inadequate. To make our country strong in science and technology and enhance the ability to make innovations, we must solidify the foundation, which is basic research and application-oriented basic research, as the height of a building is determined by the depth of its foundation. We must reject any temptation for quick success, and take solid steps one at a time.


目前我国全社会研发投入占GDP的比重还不高,尤其是基础研究投入只占到研发投入的6%,而发达国家通常是15%到25%。我们下一步要加大基础研究的投入,还要继续改革科技体制,让科研人员有自主权,很重要的是要让科研人员有经费使用的自主权,不能让科研人员把宝贵的精力花在填表、评比等事务上,还是要让他们心无旁骛去搞研究,厚积才能薄发。讲到这里,我想对青年学生们说几句话,不管你们将来从事什么职业、有什么样的志向,一定要注意加强基础知识学习,打牢基本功和培育创新能力是并行不悖的。树高千尺,营养还在根部。把基础打牢了,将来就可以触类旁通,行行都可以写出精彩。
Our R&D spending as a percentage of GDP is still modest, especially in terms of basic research. It only accounts for six percent of total R&D spending whereas the number in developed countries ranges between 15 to 25 percent. We will continue to increase input in basic research. We will also carry out institutional reforms regarding science and technology. One very important aspect of granting scientists and researchers greater autonomy is for them to have a bigger say in deciding how research funds will be used. These people should not have to spend their valuable time and energy on doing paperwork or competing for awards. They should be able to stay fully concentrated on doing research, and they will be able to accomplish something big when they are well-grounded in their areas of specialty. Here I would also like to say a few words to young students. No matter what job you want to do, or what dream you have for your life in the future, be sure to lay a solid foundation in essential knowledge and skills. Laying such a foundation and boosting your capacity for innovation are mutually reinforcing. The nutrients for a giant tree come from its root. Laying a solid foundation in knowledge and skills will open many doors and help you lead a fulfilling life.


创新还是要依靠市场的力量。企业是创新的主体。“十四五”期间政府会继续加大科技投入,同时要更多地依靠社会力量来加大研发投入,所以我们要增加“全社会”这个口径下的研发投入。这就需要采用一些机制。比如今年我们采取对制造业研发费用投入加计扣除100%的措施,这实际上是一项税收优惠,就是想通过市场化普惠制的办法,使企业投资研发有动力。当然,研发要靠人才,中国的人才资源是丰富的。我们一方面要让领军拔尖人才脱颖而出,另一方面也要看到普通人也有上上智。这些年我们推动“双创”,形成“众创”局面,推动了应用创新,也给整体创新带来了更大空间。
We must rely on market forces in driving innovations. Companies are the most important force. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, the government will continue to scale up inputs, and we also need to rely more on private actors in boosting their R&D spending. Hence our R&D spending increase needs to come from all stakeholders. This would require institutional arrangement in policy support. This year we will introduce the tax incentive of raising the extra tax deduction on the R&D expenses of manufacturing firms to 100 percent. This is a market-oriented and inclusive tax break measure aiming to keep companies driven to scale up inputs in research and development. We have a wealth of talent in China who are critical for R&D. In addition to enabling leading professionals to succeed, we should also recognize that there could be extraordinary wisdom among ordinary people. That is why in recent years we have been encouraging business startups and innovations among the general public. And this initiative has created enormous space for application-oriented innovation and overall innovation.


我们说科技要自立自强,科学家要发奋努力,这和国际合作、同行交流是并行不悖的。科学探索和发明发现是需要合作的,需要共同努力。封闭不会有前途,断链对谁都没有好处。中国愿意在保护知识产权的基础上,同各国加强科技领域的合作,共同促进人类文明进步。
China's effort to strengthen itself in science and technology needs the efforts of Chinese scientists. Yet it is also compatible with promoting international cooperation and exchanges among global scientists. Scientific explorations, discoveries and inventions call for cooperation and joint efforts. Isolation will lead nowhere and severance of industrial or supply chains will do no one good. Based on protecting intellectual property, China is ready to enhance cooperation with all other countries in science and technology to jointly promote progress of human civilization.

 


美国有线电视新闻网记者:美中两国关系在过去几年跌入建交以来的低谷,中方高层官员多次表示这是由于特朗普政府实施极端错误的反华政策造成的,他们也希望,美国拜登政府可以拨乱反正。但是许多来自华盛顿的声音表示中方的判断和立场忽视了重要的两点:一个就是双边关系恶化是双方的原因,而不是中方常说的责任完全在美方;还有一点就是在对华态度以及重大政策上,无论是疫情溯源还是香港、新疆等问题,美国的民主和共和两党其实有着高度的共识。请问您对这种来自美国的观点有何回应?尤其是在美中两国将于下周在阿拉斯加举行拜登上台之后的首次高级别会谈之际,中方会不会调整或者改变相关政策立场,推动双边关系的重启和修复?
CNN: Mr. Premier, US-China relations hit a low point in the past several years since the establishment of diplomatic ties. In their recent statements, Chinese officials cited the highly erroneous anti-China policies of the Trump administration as the reason for that. Their message to the new US administration under President Biden is to right the wrongs. But many people in Washington, D.C. believe that two important points are overlooked in China's position and judgement. That is, both sides are responsible for the worsening of the bilateral relationship, not as what China said, the responsibility lies solely with the US side. The other is, there is a high bipartisan consensus in Washington, D.C. in the attitude and major policy toward China, including on the origins of the coronavirus, Hong Kong and Xinjiang. How would you respond to this? Moreover, as the two countries are about to hold the first high-level consultations since the beginning of the Biden administration in Alaska next week, is China also prepared to adjust or alter its position and policy on related issues to reset and improve its relations with the United States?


李克强:过去几年中美关系的确遭遇了严重的困难,给两国和世界都带来了不利的影响。中美作为世界上最大的发展中国家和最大的发达国家,合则两利、斗则俱伤。中美建交40多年了,风风雨雨,能越过坎坷向前走,还是因为符合世界发展趋势,符合两国的根本利益。我们希望双方按照习近平主席最近和拜登总统通话的精神,尊重彼此的核心利益和重大关切,互不干涉内政和内部事务,秉持不冲突不对抗、相互尊重、合作共赢的原则,推动两国关系向着健康稳定的方向发展。这既符合两国人民的利益,也是国际社会的期待。
Premier Li: In the past several years, China-US relations encountered great difficulties, which has adversely affected both countries and the world. As the world's largest developing and developed countries, China and the United States both stand to gain from cooperation and lose from confrontation. In the past forty-plus years of diplomatic ties, China-US relations have gone through some twists and turns, but kept moving forward by overcoming obstacles. This is in keeping with the trend of world development and the fundamental interests of both countries. We hope that the two countries will act in the spirit of the phone conversation between President Xi Jinping and President Joe Biden, respect each other's core interests and major concerns, refrain from interfering in each other's internal affairs and work for sustained and healthy development of China-US relations in line with the principle of no conflict, no confrontation, mutual respect and win-win cooperation. That is in the interest of people of both countries. It is also what the international community hopes to see.


中美两国历史文化、发展阶段、社会制度不同,彼此相处难免会有矛盾、有分歧,有的时候甚至比较尖锐,关键是如何对待。中美两国人民是有智慧、有能力的,双方还是要相互尊重、平等相待地进行对话沟通。我们希望中美有多领域、多层次的对话,即便一时达不成共识,也可以交换意见、增信释疑,这有利于管控和化解分歧。
China and the United States are different in historical background, cultural heritage, stage of development and social system. Some differences and disagreements are hardly avoidable, and some could be quite acute. But what matters most is how these differences and disagreements are handled. The Chinese and American peoples have the wisdom and capability. The two sides need to have dialogue and exchanges based on mutual respect and equality. We hope to see dialogue in multiple areas and at various levels. Even if we cannot work things out anytime soon, such exchange of views will help boost trust and dispel misgivings. It will also help us better manage and mitigate our differences.


中美两国有着广泛的共同利益,有许多可以合作的领域。在去年多重冲击的背景下,中美两国的贸易规模仍然达到4.1万亿元,增长8.8%。我们还是应当把更多精力放在共同点上,去扩大共同利益。中美两国作为联合国安理会常任理事国,对于维护世界和平稳定、促进世界繁荣发展,都有重要责任。应该推动中美关系越过坎坷往前看,向着总体稳定的方向走。
China and the United States have common interests. There are many areas where the two countries can cooperate. Last year, China-US trade bucked the trend and reached 4.1 trillion yuan, up by 8.8 percent over the previous year. The two countries need to put more energy on their common ground and expand converging interests. As permanent members of the UN Security Council, the two countries shoulder important responsibility for maintaining world peace and stability and promoting global prosperity and progress. We need to be future-oriented and overcome obstacles to move China-US relations in a direction of overall stability.

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