每日新闻播报（July 19）

>UK weighs ban on boiling live lobsters
英计划禁止煮食活龙虾

The United Kingdom is weighing a ban on boiling live lobsters, crabs and other crustaceans amid a push from animal welfare activists to include the invertebrates in legislation that would recognize them as sentient beings.
英国正在考虑禁止煮食活龙虾、螃蟹和其他甲壳纲动物，动物保护人士正在推动立法认定这些无脊椎动物是有知觉的生物。

At present the Animal Welfare (Sentience) Bill, which is making its way through the House of Lords, covers only vertebrates - animals that have a backbone.
目前，正在上议院审议的《动物福利(感知)法案》只涉及有脊骨的脊椎动物。

Though the legislation currently only includes vertebrates, lawmakers are weighing expanding it to include invertebrates such as lobsters, as well as octopuses and mussels, according to The Times.
据《泰晤士报》报道，尽管这项法案目前只涉及脊椎动物，但立法者正在考虑将对象扩大到龙虾、章鱼、贻贝等无脊椎动物。

The legislation comes as the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs said it has commissioned a study to examine the creature's sentience.
在法案出台之际，英国环境、食品和农村事务部表示已委托进行一项研究，检验这些动物的感知能力。

Cooking lobster typically involves boiling the creatures alive in excess of 15 minutes, a method long employed to address bacteria but that often leaves the creatures clanking around in the pot.
烹饪龙虾时通常需水煮15分钟龙虾才能熟，这是惯用的杀菌方法，但龙虾会在锅里叮当作响。

Advocates have argued that first stunning them with an electric device or freezing them is more humane.
该法案的支持者认为，更人道的做法是先对龙虾进行电击或冷冻。

>Getting drunk on ice cream
神秘机器将啤酒变冰淇淋

Getting drunk on ice cream used to be the stuff of dreams, but thanks to Will Rogers, inventor and owner of WDS Dessert Stations in Hinkley, Illinois, it has become a delicious reality.
吃冰淇淋吃到醉在过去是做梦才会发生的事，但是多亏了美国伊利诺斯州辛克利WDS 甜品站老板威尔•罗杰斯，这个美味的梦已经成真。

The Below Zero ice cream machine uses a unique technique to freeze alcohol, which allows you to turn beers, cocktails and even spirits into delicious soft-serve ice cream.
罗杰斯发明的"零度之下"冰淇淋机采用独特的技术来冷冻酒精饮料，让你可以将啤酒、鸡尾酒甚至烈酒变成口感柔软的冰淇淋。

Rogers was trying to create a highly-caffeinated espresso ice cream flavor when he realized he could use the same technique with alcoholic beverages.
当时罗杰斯正试图制作咖啡因含量高的浓缩咖啡冰淇淋，突然意识到自己也可以用同样的技术制作酒精冰淇淋。

He started experimenting with various gums and stabilizers commonly used in the ice cream industry and eventually patented something called the NEA gel.
他开始拿冰淇淋产业常用的各种食品胶和稳定剂来做试验，最终研制出了一种名为NEA的食品胶并取得了专利。

It's this magical concoction that allows the alcohol to freeze to a near solid inside the Below Zero ice cream machine.
正是这种神奇的调制品让酒精饮料在"零度之下"冰淇淋机里冻成了半固态。

Even though Below Zero changes the texture of beer, cocktails and even spirits, essentially turning them into soft-serve ice cream, it does not affect the alcohol content at all.
尽管"零度之下"冰淇淋机改变了啤酒、鸡尾酒甚至烈酒的质地，将它们变成了口感柔软的冰淇淋，但是并没有改变其酒精含量。

The ABV remains exactly the same, which means you can get drunk on ice-cream, just as you would on the same concoctions in liquid form.
酒精含量保持不变，意味着你可以吃冰淇淋吃到醉，就和喝醉酒一样。

>Two-thirds of couples start out as friends
研究:2/3的情侣始于朋友

When Harry first met Sally, he asserted men and women could not be friends because the "sex part always gets in the way".
当哈利第一次遇见莎莉时，他曾宣称男人和女人不能做朋友，因为"总躲不过性这一关"。

But new research suggests roughly two-thirds of couples start out as friends and maintain a platonic relationship for long periods before sparking a romance.
但是新研究显示，约三分之二的夫妇或情侣是从朋友开始做起的，在碰撞出爱情火花之前维持了很长一段时间的柏拉图式的关系。

Danu Anthony Stinson, an associate professor in the department of psychology at the University of Victoria, Canada, and her co-authors investigated the experience of nearly 1,900 university students and crowd-sourced adults (including 677 who were married or in a common law partnership), all of whom were asked whether they were friends with their current romantic partner before they became romantically involved.
加拿大维多利亚大学心理学系副教授达努•安东尼•斯廷森和该研究报告的合著者们调查了近1900名大学生和参与众包的成年人(包括677名已婚者或同居者)的经历，并向所有受访者提出了一个问题：他们和现任伴侣在一起之前两人是不是朋友。

Most participants (68 percent) reported that their current or most recent romantic relationship began as a friendship.
多数参与者(68%)报告称，他们和现任或上一任伴侣就是从朋友开始做起的。

The rate of friends-first initiation was even higher among 20-somethings, with 85 percent of such couples saying their romance began as a friendship.
始于友情的爱情在二十几岁的人当中所占的比例更高，其中有85%的夫妇或情侣表示他们在成为恋人之前是朋友。

>Exercise offsets negative impacts of bad sleep
运动可弥补不良睡眠的伤害

We all know that a healthy life means getting both plenty of exercise and enough good-quality sleep, but reality often gets in the way.
我们都知道，健康的生活意味着既要有大量的运动，又要有足够的优质睡眠，但现实总是有诸多阻碍。

The new research indicates that doing enough exercise could make up for some of the unhealthy impacts of bad sleep.
新的研究表明，做足够的运动可以弥补不良睡眠带来的一些不健康的影响。

The weekly amount of exercise recommended by the World Health Organization is 150 minutes of moderately intensive activity, or more than 75 minutes of vigorously intensive physical activity.
世界卫生组织建议的每周运动量是150分钟的中等强度运动，或75分钟以上的剧烈运动。

Participants were grouped into three levels of physical activity (high, medium or low) and were also given a sleep quality score from 0-5 based on the amount of shut-eye they got, how late they stayed up, insomnia, snoring and daytime sleepiness.
研究人员按照参与者运动量的高、中、低三个水平进行分组，并根据他们的睡眠时长、上床时间以及失眠、打鼾和白天嗜睡情况，给他们的睡眠质量打分(最低为0分，最高为5分)。

Those with the highest risk of dying from cancer or heart disease during the study period were those with the worst quality sleep and who didn't meet the WHO recommended guidelines for exercise.
结果发现，因癌症或心脏病而致死风险最高的人是那些睡眠质量最差、同时又达不到世卫组织建议运动量的人。

That risk went down for people with poor quality sleep but who did meet the exercise guidelines.
睡眠质量差但运动量达标的人死于癌症或心脏病的风险较低。

"Levels of physical activity at or above the lower threshold recommended by WHO appeared to eliminate most of the detrimental associations of poor sleep and mortality," the researchers wrote in their paper.
研究人员在论文中写道："运动水平达到或超过世卫组织建议的最低运动量，似乎消除了睡眠差和死亡之间的大多数有害关联。"

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