双语新闻播报（February 13）

> Study links sugar-sweetened beverages to hair loss among young men
一口“快乐水”一撮毛！研究：含糖饮料可能导致头秃

Researchers from Tsinghua University analyzed survey results of 1,028 Chinese men with an average age of 27.8.
清华大学的研究人员对1028名平均年龄为27.8岁的中国男性的调查结果进行了分析。

About 57.6 percent of the participants had MPHL, or male pattern hair loss.
约57.6%的受试者患有MPHL，即男性型脱发。

Among the participants, 44.6 percent said they drank sugar-sweetened drinks more than seven times a week.
44.6%的受试者说他们每周饮用含糖饮料超过7次。

The researchers found that those with a higher consumption level of sugar-sweetened beverages also had a greater risk of male-patterned hair loss.
研究人员发现，那些经常饮用含糖饮料的人患男性脱发的风险更大。

The sugar-sweetened drinks included in the survey were juices, soft drinks, sports and energy drinks, sugary milks, nut milks, sugary teas and tea drinks, and coffee.
调查中包含的含糖饮料包括果汁、无醇饮料、运动和能量饮料、含糖牛奶、坚果牛奶、含糖茶和茶饮料以及咖啡。

The researchers said that higher amounts of sugar can lead to higher serum glucose concentrations, creating an overactive polyol pathway.
研究解释，含糖饮料中较高的糖分会导致较高的血糖浓度，从而产生过度活跃的多元醇通路。

This pathway is known as a place where glucose is converted to fructose.
该通路是葡萄糖转化为果糖的地方。

The study states that hair loss symptoms suggest an "overactive polyol pathway."
该研究指出，脱发的症状表明“多元醇通路过度活跃”。

When the pathway is too active, it may lead to diabetes.
当通路过于活跃时，可能会导致糖尿病。

> Study links lifestyle to rate of memory decline
历时十年！科学家发现这6种生活方式可减缓记忆衰退

Memory loss is a common part of aging.
记忆力衰退是老年人的通病。

A decade-long study of older adults in China has found that a healthy lifestyle is linked to slower memory decline even when people carry a risky gene for Alzheimer's.
一项持续进行了10年的对中国老年人跟踪调查研究显示，即使携带有阿尔茨海默氏症的危险基因，健康的生活方式与较慢的记忆力衰退相关。

Researchers from China's National Center for Neurological Disorders and other medical institutes followed 29,000 people aged at least 60 years with normal cognitive abilities for up to 10 years. Forty-nine percent of the participants were women.
来自中国国家神经疾病医学中心和其他医疗机构的研究人员对2.9万名60岁以上且认知能力正常的老年人进行了长达十年随访，研究对象中49%是女性。

At the beginning of the study in 2009, the researchers tested the participants' memory function with the Auditory Verbal Learning Test.
2009年研究开始时，研究人员使用听觉词语学习测验（AVLT）来测试研究对象的记忆功能。

They were also tested for the APOE gene, the most common gene linked with Alzheimer's. Around 20 percent of the participants were carriers of the risk gene.
同时，他们还对研究对象体内最常见的与阿尔茨海默病有关的载脂蛋白E（apolipoprotein E, APOE）基因进行了检验，发现其中20%是携带者。

The participants received assessments in 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2019.
研究人员分别在2012、2014、2016和2019年对研究对象进行了随访评估。

In the follow-ups, six healthy lifestyle factors were analyzed: a healthy diet (adherence to recommended food items), regular physical exercise (at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity exercises per week), active social contact (for example, seeing friends and family at least twice a week), active cognitive activity (for example, reading, writing, playing chess at least twice a week), non-smoking and never drinking alcohol.
他们把六种健康生活特征纳入了研究中。它们分别是：健康的饮食（遵守食品推荐摄入量）、定期的体育锻炼（每周150分钟及以上的中等强度运动或75分钟及以上的剧烈运动）、频繁的社交活动（每周两次及以上看望朋友、家人等）、积极的认知活动（每周两次及以上读书、写作、下棋等）、不抽烟、从不喝酒。

The results showed that the mean AVLT scores continuously declined over the 10 years.
测验结果显示，每个研究对象的听觉词语学习测验成绩在10年内持续下滑。

The highest test scores were in the favorable group and the lowest in the unfavorable group.
但是，良好生活方式组分数下降得最为平缓，不良生活方式组测验分数最低。

The participants with favorable and average lifestyles, even when they were APOE carriers, had a slower rate of memory decline than the participants with unfavorable lifestyles.
良好和一般生活方式组中APOE基因携带者的记忆力下降速度也低于不良生活方式组。

Meanwhile, the results also showed that a favorable lifestyle was associated with a 90 percent lower probability of progression to mild cognitive impairment and dementia. The number for the average group was 30 percent.
与此同时，研究结果还表明，良好生活方式组与患轻度认知障碍和痴呆症的可能性低近90%有关，一般生活方式组的数字是30%。

The researchers said that they studied the contribution of each lifestyle factor and their combined effects in a large sample size over an entire decade and offered important information to protect older adults against memory decline.
研究人员说，他们在整整十年的大样本中研究了每种生活方式因素的贡献，以及它们的综合影响，为保护老年人免受记忆力衰退提供了重要信息。

The results about the APOE carriers also provide an optimistic outlook that healthy lifestyle risks are associated with a slower rate of memory decline, regardless of the genetic risk.
此项研究也给APOE基因的携带者也提供了一个乐观的前景，即，无论遗传风险如何，健康的生活方式与记忆力衰退速度放缓有关。

> King will not be featured on new Australian banknote
澳央行：澳大利亚新钞票将移除英国君主形象！

Australia will replace the portrait of British monarch on its $5 banknote with a new design to reflect the history of its indigenous culture, the country's central bank said on Thursday.
当地时间2日，澳大利亚中央银行宣布，新版5澳元钞票图案将不再使用英联邦元首头像，改成更能反映澳大利亚本土历史文化的设计。

The $5 bill was Australia’s only remaining bank note to still feature an image of the monarch, which currently is the late Queen Elizabeth II.
5澳元钞票是澳大利亚唯一印有英联邦元首头像的钞票，目前使用的是已故英国女王伊丽莎白二世的头像。

The decision announced by the central bank means that Charles III will not be featured on Australia's new five dollar note.
澳央行的决定意味着，新国王查尔斯三世的头像将不再出现在澳大利亚钞票上。

Like many former British colonies, Australia is debating to what extent it should retain its constitutional ties to Britain.
和其他前英属殖民地一样，澳大利亚也陷入了应在何种程度上保持与英国的宪法联系的争论。

According to the announcement, the change is supported by the Australian Government, and followed by consultation with First Australians in designing the $5 banknote.
澳央行在声明中表示，更改图案的决定得到了澳大利亚政府的支持，并将与原住民就新钞票设计进行磋商。

Jim Chalmers, the RBA's treasurer, said: “The monarch will still be on the coins, but the $5 note will say more about our history and our heritage and our country, and I see that as a good thing.”
澳大利亚国库部长吉姆•查默斯“英联邦元首仍将出现在硬币上，但5澳元钞票将讲述更多我们国家的历史和传统。我觉得这是一件好事。”

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