习近平在全国生态环境保护大会上强调 全面推进美丽中国建设 加快推进人与自然和谐共生的现代化

习近平在全国生态环境保护大会上强调

全面推进美丽中国建设

加快推进人与自然和谐共生的现代化

李强主持 赵乐际王沪宁蔡奇李希出席

丁薛祥讲话

7月17日至18日，全国生态环境保护大会在北京召开。中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平出席会议并发表重要讲话。新华社记者 饶爱民 摄

全国生态环境保护大会17日至18日在北京召开。中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平出席会议并发表重要讲话强调，今后5年是美丽中国建设的重要时期，要深入贯彻新时代中国特色社会主义生态文明思想，坚持以人民为中心，牢固树立和践行绿水青山就是金山银山的理念，把建设美丽中国摆在强国建设、民族复兴的突出位置，推动城乡人居环境明显改善、美丽中国建设取得显著成效，以高品质生态环境支撑高质量发展，加快推进人与自然和谐共生的现代化。

7月17日至18日，全国生态环境保护大会在北京召开。中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平出席会议并发表重要讲话。李强、赵乐际、王沪宁、蔡奇、丁薛祥、李希出席会议。新华社记者 饶爱民 摄

李强主持会议。赵乐际、王沪宁、蔡奇、李希出席会议。丁薛祥作总结讲话。

习近平在讲话中强调，党的十八大以来，我们把生态文明建设作为关系中华民族永续发展的根本大计，开展了一系列开创性工作，决心之大、力度之大、成效之大前所未有，生态文明建设从理论到实践都发生了历史性、转折性、全局性变化，美丽中国建设迈出重大步伐。我们从解决突出生态环境问题入手，注重点面结合、标本兼治，实现由重点整治到系统治理的重大转变；坚持转变观念、压实责任，不断增强全党全国推进生态文明建设的自觉性主动性，实现由被动应对到主动作为的重大转变；紧跟时代、放眼世界，承担大国责任、展现大国担当，实现由全球环境治理参与者到引领者的重大转变；不断深化对生态文明建设规律的认识，形成新时代中国特色社会主义生态文明思想，实现由实践探索到科学理论指导的重大转变。经过顽强努力，我国天更蓝、地更绿、水更清，万里河山更加多姿多彩。新时代生态文明建设的成就举世瞩目，成为新时代党和国家事业取得历史性成就、发生历史性变革的显著标志。

习近平强调，我国生态环境保护结构性、根源性、趋势性压力尚未根本缓解。我国经济社会发展已进入加快绿色化、低碳化的高质量发展阶段，生态文明建设仍处于压力叠加、负重前行的关键期。必须以更高站位、更宽视野、更大力度来谋划和推进新征程生态环境保护工作，谱写新时代生态文明建设新篇章。

习近平指出，总结新时代十年的实践经验，分析当前面临的新情况新问题，继续推进生态文明建设，必须以新时代中国特色社会主义生态文明思想为指导，正确处理几个重大关系。一是高质量发展和高水平保护的关系，要站在人与自然和谐共生的高度谋划发展，通过高水平环境保护，不断塑造发展的新动能、新优势，着力构建绿色低碳循环经济体系，有效降低发展的资源环境代价，持续增强发展的潜力和后劲。二是重点攻坚和协同治理的关系，要坚持系统观念，抓住主要矛盾和矛盾的主要方面，对突出生态环境问题采取有力措施，同时强化目标协同、多污染物控制协同、部门协同、区域协同、政策协同，不断增强各项工作的系统性、整体性、协同性。三是自然恢复和人工修复的关系，要坚持山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和系统治理，构建从山顶到海洋的保护治理大格局，综合运用自然恢复和人工修复两种手段，因地因时制宜、分区分类施策，努力找到生态保护修复的最佳解决方案。四是外部约束和内生动力的关系，要始终坚持用最严格制度最严密法治保护生态环境，保持常态化外部压力，同时要激发起全社会共同呵护生态环境的内生动力。五是“双碳”承诺和自主行动的关系，我们承诺的“双碳”目标是确定不移的，但达到这一目标的路径和方式、节奏和力度则应该而且必须由我们自己作主，决不受他人左右。

习近平强调，要持续深入打好污染防治攻坚战，坚持精准治污、科学治污、依法治污，保持力度、延伸深度、拓展广度，深入推进蓝天、碧水、净土三大保卫战，持续改善生态环境质量。要加快推动发展方式绿色低碳转型，坚持把绿色低碳发展作为解决生态环境问题的治本之策，加快形成绿色生产方式和生活方式，厚植高质量发展的绿色底色。要着力提升生态系统多样性、稳定性、持续性，加大生态系统保护力度，切实加强生态保护修复监管，拓宽绿水青山转化金山银山的路径，为子孙后代留下山清水秀的生态空间。要积极稳妥推进碳达峰碳中和，坚持全国统筹、节约优先、双轮驱动、内外畅通、防范风险的原则，落实好碳达峰碳中和“1+N”政策体系，构建清洁低碳安全高效的能源体系，加快构建新型电力系统，提升国家油气安全保障能力。要守牢美丽中国建设安全底线，贯彻总体国家安全观，积极有效应对各种风险挑战，切实维护生态安全、核与辐射安全等，保障我们赖以生存发展的自然环境和条件不受威胁和破坏。

习近平指出，要健全美丽中国建设保障体系。统筹各领域资源，汇聚各方面力量，打好法治、市场、科技、政策“组合拳”。要强化法治保障，统筹推进生态环境、资源能源等领域相关法律制修订，实施最严格的地上地下、陆海统筹、区域联动的生态环境治理制度，全面实行排污许可制，完善自然资源资产管理制度体系，健全国土空间用途管制制度。要完善绿色低碳发展经济政策，强化财政支持、税收政策支持、金融支持、价格政策支持。要推动有效市场和有为政府更好结合，将碳排放权、用能权、用水权、排污权等资源环境要素一体纳入要素市场化配置改革总盘子，支持出让、转让、抵押、入股等市场交易行为，加快构建环保信用监管体系，规范环境治理市场，促进环保产业和环境服务业健康发展。要加强科技支撑，推进绿色低碳科技自立自强，把应对气候变化、新污染物治理等作为国家基础研究和科技创新重点领域，狠抓关键核心技术攻关，实施生态环境科技创新重大行动，培养造就一支高水平生态环境科技人才队伍，深化人工智能等数字技术应用，构建美丽中国数字化治理体系，建设绿色智慧的数字生态文明。

习近平强调，建设美丽中国是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的重要目标，必须坚持和加强党的全面领导。党中央、国务院近期将对全面推进美丽中国建设作出系统部署。各地区各部门要不断增强责任感、使命感，不折不扣贯彻落实党中央决策部署。地方各级党委和政府要坚决扛起美丽中国建设的政治责任，抓紧研究制定地方党政领导干部生态环境保护责任制，建立覆盖全面、权责一致、奖惩分明、环环相扣的责任体系。相关部门要认真落实生态文明建设责任清单，强化分工负责，加强协调联动，形成齐抓共管的强大合力。各级人大及其常委会要加强生态文明保护法治建设和法律实施监督，各级政协要加大生态文明建设专题协商和民主监督力度。要继续发挥中央生态环境保护督察利剑作用。

李强在主持会议时指出，习近平总书记的重要讲话全面总结了我国生态文明建设取得的举世瞩目的巨大成就特别是历史性、转折性、全局性变化，深入分析了当前生态文明建设面临的形势，深刻阐述了新征程上推进生态文明建设需要处理好的重大关系，系统部署了全面推进美丽中国建设的战略任务和重大举措，为进一步加强生态环境保护、推进生态文明建设提供了方向指引和根本遵循。要认真学习领会、深入贯彻落实习近平总书记重要讲话精神，深刻领悟“两个确立”的决定性意义，坚决做到“两个维护”，把贯彻落实会议精神和深入开展主题教育结合起来，进一步激发做好生态环境保护工作的强大动力，扎实推进生态文明建设，加快建设美丽中国。

丁薛祥在总结讲话中指出，要深入学习贯彻党的二十大精神和习近平总书记重要讲话精神，以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想特别是习近平生态文明思想为指导，坚决扛起美丽中国建设的政治责任，加快推进人与自然和谐共生的现代化。要持之以恒打好污染防治攻坚战，推动生态环境质量持续改善；把绿色低碳发展作为治本之策，加快形成节约资源和保护环境的空间格局、产业结构、生产方式、生活方式；坚持人与自然和谐共生，加大生态保护和修复力度，完善生态保护修复监管制度；瞄准既定目标积极稳妥推进碳达峰碳中和，坚持先立后破，扎实推进能源绿色低碳转型；强化底线思维，常态化管控生态环境风险，筑牢美丽中国建设的生态安全根基；保持严的基调，深入开展生态环境保护督察和执法监管，严厉打击生态环境违法行为。各地区、各部门、各单位要加强组织领导，严格落实责任，强化支撑保障，确保党中央决策部署落到实处、见到实效。

生态环境部、自然资源部、国家发展改革委、财政部、内蒙古自治区、浙江省、湖北省、广西壮族自治区负责同志作交流发言。

中共中央政治局委员、中央书记处书记，全国人大常委会有关领导同志，国务委员，最高人民法院院长，最高人民检察院检察长，全国政协有关领导同志出席会议。

会议以电视电话会议形式召开，各省区市和计划单列市、新疆生产建设兵团党政主要负责同志和有关部门主要负责同志，中央和国家机关有关部门、有关人民团体、军队有关单位主要负责同志，中央管理的部分金融机构和企业负责同志等参加会议。

Xi stresses building Beautiful China, advancing modernization featuring harmony between humanity and nature

The National Conference on Ecological and Environmental Protection was held in Beijing from Monday to Tuesday. Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, Chinese president and chairman of the Central Military Commission, attended the conference and delivered an important speech. He stressed that the coming five years will be critical to the building of a Beautiful China. He emphasized the importance of thoroughly implementing the thought on socialist ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics for a new era, adhering to the people-centered principle, upholding and acting on the idea that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, and placing the building of a Beautiful China in a prominent position of building a great modern socialist country in all respects and rejuvenating the nation. Xi added that we should make remarkable achievements in promoting the significant improvement of urban and rural living environment and building a Beautiful China, support high-quality development with a high-quality ecological environment, and accelerate the advancement of modernization featuring harmony between humanity and nature.

Li Qiang presided over the conference. Zhao Leji, Wang Huning, Cai Qi, and Li Xi attended the conference. Ding Xuexiang gave a concluding speech.

Xi stressed that since the 18th CPC National Congress, we have regarded ecological conservation as the fundamental strategy for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, and carried out a series of groundbreaking work with unprecedented determination, intensity, and effectiveness. As a result, historic, transitional, and overall changes have taken place from theory to practice in ecological conservation, and major strides have been made in the building of a Beautiful China. Xi noted that by starting with addressing prominent ecological and environmental issues, focusing on combining work on selected spots with that of overall areas, and addressing both symptoms and root causes, we have achieved a significant transformation from remediation of major areas to systematic governance in this regard. By maintaining the change of mindset and making sure that responsibilities were fulfilled, and continuously strengthening the consciousness and initiative of the whole Party and the entire nation to promote ecological conservation, we have realized an important shift from passively responding to ecological issues to taking proactive actions to address them. By keeping abreast of the times, having world views, and shouldering its responsibilities as a major country, we have become a leader from a participant in global environmental governance. By constantly deepening our understanding of the laws regarding ecological conservation, we have developed the thought on socialist ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics for a new era, realizing a major shift from practical-exploration-based conservation to the one with theoretical guidance. These tenacious efforts have brought the country bluer skies, greener lands, cleaner waters, and a more colorful landscape. The achievements in ecological conservation in the new era have impressed the world and become a significant symbol of the historic achievements and changes the Party and the country have made in pursuit of its cause.

Xi underscored that our country still faces the structural, fundamental and sustained pressures in its ecological conservation and environmental protection. As the country's economic and social progress has entered a phase of ever-accelerating green and low-carbon high-quality development, ecological conservation is still under multiple pressures and has a lot of difficulties to overcome. It is thereby imperative to plan and promote work concerning ecological and environmental protection on the new journey from a higher position and with a broader vision and greater endeavors, so as to write a new chapter in the building of an ecological civilization for the new era.

While summing up its practical experience in the past ten years of the new era, and analyzing the new situation and problems it faces, China must adhere to the thought on socialist ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics for a new era, and properly handle several key relationships when continuing its endeavors in ecological conservation, Xi said. First, when it comes to the relationship between high-quality development and high-level protection, development plans must be made on the basis of a harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature. High-level environmental protection should help China continuously create new driving forces and new strengths for development, and commit itself to building a green, low-carbon and circular economy. In this way the country will effectively reduce resource and environmental costs, and continuously boost the potential and sustainability of its development. Second, when it comes to the relationship between tackling key challenges and coordinated governance, a holistic approach is essential. We should grasp the principal issues and the main aspect of these issues. Effective measures are needed to address prominent ecological and environmental issues. Meanwhile, it's imperative for departments from different regions to collaborate on setting up goals, controlling pollution of different kinds and sources, and formulating policies. In this way, work will be done in a more systematic, holistic and coordinated way. Third, when it comes to the relationship between natural rehabilitation and artificial restoration, it is essential to stick to the systematic protection and restoration of our mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, grasslands and deserts. We should aim at a bigger picture of ecological protection from the mountaintop to the ocean. The methods of natural rehabilitation and artificial restoration are both applicable, and different measures should be taken to deal with different local conditions at different times, in a bid to find the best solution for ecological conservation and restoration. Fourth, the relationship between external pressure and internal motivating power. When it comes to ecological conservation, we must have recourse to the strictest possible institutions and the strictest law enforcement to make external pressure something normal. Meanwhile, it's important to let the internal motivating power stimulate the whole society to participate in ecological conservation and environmental protection. Fifth, the relationship between the dual carbon reduction goals and our independent decisions. We will resolutely attain the dual goals we have promised, but we must make the decisions on our own when it comes to the path, methods, pace, and intensity to achieve them. No one should expect to exert influence on us.

Xi pointed out that we should continue to further the fight against pollution, and to take targeted measures and science-based approaches in accordance with the law. To keep improving the quality of our ecological environment, we should keep doing what we are doing now, and go deep in a bid to keep our skies blue, waters clear and lands pollution-free. Besides, we should accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation of our development modes, maintain green and low-carbon development as the fundamental solution to ecological and environmental issues, accelerate the formation of green production modes and lifestyles, and lay a green foundation for high-quality development. Efforts should be made to improve the diversity, stability, and sustainability of the ecosystem, to protect it in an intensified manner, effectively strengthen the supervision of ecological system conservation and restoration, and expand the path of transforming lucid waters and lush mountains into invaluable assets, so as to leave a beautiful ecological environment for future generations. It is necessary to actively and steadily promote carbon emissions peaking and carbon neutrality, follow the principles of exercising nationwide planning, prioritizing conservation, leveraging the strengths of the government and the market, coordinating efforts on the domestic and international fronts, and guarding against risks, implement carbon emissions peaking, carbon neutrality and the "1+N" policy framework, develop clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy sector, and accelerate the construction of a new electric power industry, boosting the national oil and gas security capabilities. We must hold the security bottom line of building a Beautiful China, implement the holistic approach to national security, actively and effectively respond to various risks and challenges, earnestly safeguard ecological security and nuclear and radiation safety, and ensure that the natural environment and conditions on which we depend for survival and development are not threatened or damaged.

Xi Jinping pointed out that the support system for building a Beautiful China needs to improve. We should coordinate resources in various fields, pool forces from all sides, and strike a combination of the rule of law, the market, science and technology, and policies. It is necessary to strengthen the guarantee of the rule of law, advance the revision of laws and regulations related to ecological environment, resources and energy in a coordinated manner, implement the strictest ecological and environmental governance system under which above-ground and underground conservation, land and sea protection are well coordinated and so are actions between regions, fully implement the pollution discharge permit system, improve the natural resource asset management system, and perfect the system for regulating the use of national land space. It is necessary to improve policies for green and low-carbon economic development, and strengthen fiscal support, tax policy support, financial support and pricing policy support. It is imperative to promote a better combination of efficient markets and competent government, and integrate resource and environmental factors such as carbon emission rights, energy use rights, water use rights, and pollutant discharge rights into the overall reform of market-oriented allocation of factors of production, support market transactions such as sales, transfer, mortgage and buying shares, speed up the efforts to build a supervision system on environmental protection credibility, standardize the environmental governance market, so as to boost the sound development of environmental protection industries and environmental services industries. We should strengthen technological support, boost self-reliance and strength in green and low-carbon science and technology, take the response to climate change, the control of new pollutants and others as key fields in our country's basic research and sci-tech innovation, focus on achieving breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields, carry out major actions on sci-tech innovation in ecological conservation, and cultivate a pool of high-level talented scientists in this regard. We should also advance the application of digital technologies such as artificial intelligence, build a digital governance system for building a Beautiful China and boost green, intelligent and digital ecological conservation.

Xi stressed that building a Beautiful China is an important target for building a modern socialist country in all respects, and the Party's overall leadership in this regard must be upheld and strengthened. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council will soon make systematic arrangements for promoting the Beautiful China Initiative on all fronts. All regions and departments must strengthen their sense of responsibility and mission, and implement the Party Central Committee's decisions and plans to the letter. Party committees and governments in different localities at all levels must unswervingly shoulder their political responsibility for building a Beautiful China, lose no time in researching and establishing an accountability system for environmental protection covering leading officials of local Party committees and governments, and build a comprehensive and well-knit accountability system which ensures a correspondence between power and responsibility and keeps strictly the rules for reward and punishment. Relevant departments should conscientiously implement the list of responsibilities in terms of ecological conservation, intensify division of duties and strengthen coordination so as to form a strong synergy for joint management in this regard. The people's congresses at all levels and their standing committees should promote the rule of law in ecological conservation and strengthen the implementation and supervision of related laws, and the committees of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference at all levels should intensify the efforts to conduct special consultation and democratic oversight in boosting ecological conservation. We should also continue to ensure that central government environmental inspections serve as a powerful tool.

When presiding over the meeting, Li Qiang noted that General Secretary Xi Jinping comprehensively summarized in his speech the remarkable achievements China has made in ecological conservation, especially the historic, transitional and holistic changes in this regard. Xi also made an in-depth analysis of the current situation in promoting ecological conservation, expounded upon the key relationships in advancing the ecological conservation on the new journey, and systematically developed strategic plans of building a Beautiful China in an all-round way. All these provide us with a compass on how to advance the environmental protection and ecological conservation. We should thoroughly study, understand and act in accordance with the gist of General Secretary Xi's speech, understand the significance of the establishment of both Comrade Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole and the guiding role of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, remain committed to upholding Comrade Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole and the Party Central Committee's authority and its centralized, unified leadership. It is essential to combine theoretical study programs with implementing the gist of this meeting and further motivate the public to be involved in environmental protection so as to make solid progress in ecological conservation and accelerate the building of a Beautiful China.

Ding Xuexiang in his concluding remarks noted that we should further study and implement the guiding principles of the 20th CPC National Congress and the gist of General Secretary Xi's speech, firmly shoulder the political responsibility of building a Beautiful China under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially his thought on ecological conservation so as to speed up the country's modernization featuring harmony between humanity and nature. We should remain committed to advancing the critical battle against pollution so as to achieve the continuous improvement in ecological environment. Green and low-carbon development should be considered as a fundamental way to accelerate the formation of the space layout, industrial structure, way of production and lifestyle that is conducive to conserving resources and protecting the environment. We should adhere to the notion of harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature and step up efforts in ecological conservation and restoration. We should improve supervision and regulation of ecosystem protection and restoration. We should work actively and prudently toward the goals of carbon emissions peaking and carbon neutrality and make solid progress in energy transition to being green and low-carbon in line with the principle of building the new before discarding the old. We should be well prepared for worst-case scenarios, and manage and control potential risks in the ecological environment on a regular basis to lay a solid foundation of ecological security for building a Beautiful China. Environmental inspections and supervision of law enforcement in this regard must be strict to crack down on illegal activities in ecological conservation and environmental protection. All regions, departments and units must strengthen organizational leadership, strictly position responsibilities, and strengthen support for concrete and effective implementation of the CPC Central Committee's decisions and plans.

Leading officials from the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Ministry of Natural Resources, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, as well as leading officials from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Zhejiang Province, Hubei Province, and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region delivered speeches.

Members of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, members of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee, relevant leading members of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, state councilors, president of the Supreme People's Court, procurator-general of the Supreme People's Procuratorate, and relevant leading members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference attended the meeting.

The meeting was held via video and telephone. Also present were leading officials from different provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities, cities specifically designated in the state plan, and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, leading officials from relevant central Party and government departments, people's organizations, military units, as well as leading officials from some financial institutions and enterprises under the direct auspices of the central government.