英语大破解
How 'rewiggling' a river brought its fish back 环保工作者修复曲流使原生鱼类回归
本集内容
How 'rewiggling' a river brought its fish back 环保工作者修复曲流使原生鱼类回归
文字稿
A river coming back to life.
这条河正重现生机。
Fish are now breeding in this part of Swindale Beck in Cumbria – in habitat that has been missing for 200 years.
鱼类现在在英格兰坎布里亚郡斯温代尔河的这一流域繁衍生息，这一生机勃勃的景象已有200年不见踪影。
This one kilometre stretch of river was artificially straightened two centuries ago. But conservationists have now set it back on its original meandering course.
这条一公里长的河流是两个世纪前被人工改直的。但自然资源保护者们现已将它改回到了原本蜿蜒曲折的河道上。
The results of this restoration are really starting to show.
修复工作的成果已经开始显现。
Lee Schofield, Senior Site Manager, RSPB Haweswater
"In this little bit of river that we can see here, we've got a fantastic gravel bar. We've got the riffles that we can hear. A little bit further up near one of the meanders, we've got a nice deep pool. So as soon as you get the physical conditions back, the whole kind of food chain seems to reassert itself."
李·斯科菲尔德 英国皇家鸟类保护协会-霍沃斯沃特 自然保护区高级经理
“在我们可以看到的这一小段河流中，有一个奇妙的砾石坝。我们能听到浅滩上的流水声。在稍远处一条曲流附近，还有一个深水处。所以，一旦恢复了原本的自然条件，整条食物链似乎就重新形成了。”
The river was straightened by farmers to reduce the risk of their surrounding hay meadows being flooded.
这条河曾被农民们改直，以降低周围干草草地被洪水淹没的风险。
But that had unintended consequences for nature and for the quality of the water in this landscape.
但截弯取直的做法给自然和这里的水质带来了意想不到的后果。
The slower flowing water is now cleaning itself – depositing sediment on its banks rather than washing it downstream.
流速较慢的水现在有清洁自身水质的作用，将沉积物带到岸上，而不是直接冲刷到下游。
The meandering water can now spill out onto its ancient flood plains, so there's less risk of flooding downstream.
蜿蜒曲折的水流现在可以溢到岸边古老的洪泛区，因此下游发生洪水的风险降低了。
But is there space for landscapes to be restored like this and for the surrounding farmland to be productive?
但是，在通过这种方式修复景观的同时，是否能保持周围农田的生产力？
Annabel Rushton, RSPB Haweswater
"Our whole approach here at Haweswater is about showing that conservation and farming can work closely together and mutually benefit each other. Certainly here in Cumbria, there [are] a lot of farmers that we know that are going to this kind of more nature-friendly, sustainable, regenerative models of farming."
安娜贝尔·拉什顿 英国皇家鸟类保护协会-霍沃斯沃特
“我们在霍沃斯沃特的整体方法是展现保护工作和农业可以紧密协作、互惠互利。当然，在坎布里亚郡，我们知道有很多农民正在采用这种更环保、可持续、可再生的农业模式。”
Do we need more wiggling rivers, then, across the landscape?
那这个景观是否需要更多蜿蜒曲折的河流？
Lee Schofield, Senior Site Manager, RSPB Haweswater
"Yeah. Nature really does need chaos, it needs randomness, it needs the freedom to be dynamic. And it needs the potential to be able to change over time. Knowing that we can as a species, kind of, put back, you know, we can restore this stuff, is hugely inspiring."
李·斯科菲尔德 英国皇家鸟类保护协会-霍沃斯沃特 自然保护区高级经理
“需要。大自然确实需要混乱和随性，它还需要自由，才能充满活力。此外，自然需要有随着时间的推移而改变的潜力。而现在，我们知道人类有能力恢复这些生态环境，这非常鼓舞人心。”
