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近义词辨析: once、one time、twice、two times

内容简介

一位听众想知道单词 “once” 和 “one time”、“twice” 和 “two times” 之间的区别是什么。它们都可以用作副词或副词短语,说明一件事情发生的次数是 “一次” 或 “两次”。“Once” 和 “one time” 在哪些情况下可以互换使用?那 “twice” 和 “two times” 呢?“Once” 有哪些 “one time” 没有的特殊用法?听本期节目辨析这两组词语的用法。

文字稿

(关于台词的备注: 请注意这不是广播节目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能没有体现录制、编辑过程中对节目做出的改变。)

Georgie
Hello and welcome to Question and Answer of the Week with me, Georgie. 

Jiaying
And me, Jiaying. 本期节目要回答的问题是这样的:

Question
I would like to know the differences between 'once' and 'one time', as well as 'twice' and 'two times'. 

Jiaying
副词 “once” 和副词搭配 “one time” 的意思是 “一次,一回”;副词 “twice” 和副词搭配 “two times” 的意思是 “两次,两回”。它们都可以用来说明一件事情发生的次数。

Georgie
Yes, 'once' and 'one time' indicate a singular occurrence. I only cooked at home once last week, Jiaying.

Jiaying
Wow, you only cooked at home one time last week. 你上周只在家做了一次饭。而我在家里做了两次饭:I cooked at home twice. 我也可以说:I cooked at home two times.

Georgie
'Once' and 'one time', and 'twice' and 'two times' are generally interchangeable as adverbs, although 'once' and 'twice' are much more common because they're quicker and simpler to use, especially in spoken language.

Jiaying
通常情况下,作副词或副词搭配的时候,“once” 和 “one time”、“twice” 和 “two times” 是可以互换使用的。但相比之下,由于副词 “once” 和 “twice” 更简短,所以特别是在口语交流中,它们要比各自对应的搭配 “one time” 和 “two times” 常用得多。

Georgie
Sometimes we use 'one time' and 'two times' when we want to really emphasise the number of times.

Jiaying
有时,我们会用 “one time” 和 “two times” 来重点强调事情发生的次数是 “一次” 和 “两次”。听两个例句。

Examples
You're giving me a detention? But I only threw my pen one time!
(您要罚我放学后留校?但我只扔过一次笔!) 

She's won the same award two times already!
(她已经两度荣获同一奖项!) 

Jiaying
上面我们讲了在表达一件事情发生的次数时,“once”、“one time”、“twice” 和 “two times” 的用法。

接下来,说一说想表示事情在一段时间内发生的频率是 “多长时间一次/两次” 时,应该用哪个词。这里可以用副词 “once/twice + a + 单数形式的时间段” —— “twice a day(每天两次)”;或者 “once/twice + every + 复数形式的时间段” —— “once every two years(每两年一次)”。这里,“once” 和 “twice” 也可以用 “one time” 或者 “two times” 来替换,意思不变。听两个例句。

Examples
Dentists advise that we brush our teeth twice a day.
(牙医建议我们每天刷两次牙。) 

I get my hair cut once every eight weeks.
(我每八周剪一次头发。)

Jiaying
下面,我们来讲一讲在其它语境中可能遇到的情况。 

Georgie
When you're talking about 'time' as a noun, maybe you're referring to a couple of times you did something, or you're talking about an athlete's times.

Jiaying
当搭配 “one time” 或 “two times” 中的 “time” 或 “times” 作名词使用且表示 “次,回” 或者 “竞赛中所用的时间” 的时候,这里的 “one time” 或 “two times” 不能用 “once” 或者 “twice” 替换。来听两个例句。

Examples
That one time I counted on you, you ended up letting me down.
(我就指望过你那一回,结果你却让我失望了。)

The swimmer recorded her best two times in 2023.
(这位游泳运动员在2023年创造了两次个人最好成绩。)

Jiaying
下面,我们补充单词 “once” 的另外两个用法。第一:“once” 作副词时,还可以表示 “一度,曾经”,这是搭配 “one time” 没有的用法。

Georgie
That's right. I once worked in a restaurant. I used to work in a restaurant but now I don't. Here's another example.

Example
She was once very jealous of her sister's career, but now she feels content.
(她曾经非常嫉妒她姐姐的事业,但现在她很满足。) 

Jiaying
第二:“once” 还可以作连词,表示 “一旦…就,一…就…” 的意思,但 “one time” 却没有这个用法。听两个例句。

Examples
I'll call you once I leave work.
(我离开单位后就给你打电话。) 

Once you finish your homework, you can go out and play.
(你一完成家庭作业,就可以出去玩了。) 

Georgie
So, the simple answer to your question is that, as adverbs, 'once' means the same as 'one time', and 'twice' means the same as 'two times'. They're synonyms that mean either one or two occurrences. We've also explained some subtle differences.

Jiaying
是的,虽然相比之下,副词 “once” 和 “twice” 更常用,但如果想要强调事情发生的具体次数是 “一次” 或 “两次”,那么也可以用它们各自对应的副词搭配 “one time” 或 “two times”。当句子中的 “time” 或 “times” 作名词表示 “次数” 或 “竞赛所用的时间” 的时候,应该用 “one time” 或 “two times”。我们还补充了 “once” 的另一个副词用法和一个连词用法。

Georgie
Remember, if you have a question about the English language you'd like to ask us, please send us an email. Our email address is: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk  

Jiaying
你也可以通过微博向我们提问。我们的微博账号是 “BBC英语教学”。Bye, everyone.

Georgie
Bye!

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