你问我答
Go up、go down、go along 用于指路时的区别
内容简介
一位听众来信询问 “go up、go down、go along” 在表示 “沿路走” 时有何区别。虽然 “up”、“down” 和 “along” 都可以用作表方向的介词,但在给人指路时,“go up、go down、go along” 的意思略有不同。仅通过说 “go up” 或 “go down”,能否说明道路的走向或行进的方向?本期 “你问我答” 节目将对以上问题进行解答。
文字稿
(关于台词的备注: 请注意这不是广播节目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能没有体现录制、编辑过程中对节目做出的改变。)
Jiaying
大家好,欢迎收听 BBC英语教学的 “你问我答” 节目。I'm Jiaying.
Georgie
And I'm Georgie. One of our listeners has asked us a question:
Question
请问 “go up/go down/go along the road” 有什么区别?“Go along” 是 “顺着” 这条路走,那 “go up” 和 “go down” 是指 “朝北或朝南方向走” 还是 “上下坡”?据说 “go down” 和 “go along” 可以互换使用,是这样的吗?
Jiaying
“Go up、go down” 和 “go along” 常常可以互换使用,意思都是 “沿路行走”。注意,这里的 “go” 可以用 “walk、run、drive” 等动词替换,当然意思也会相应地发生改变。By the way, how did you get to work today, Georgie?
Georgie
I walked! I walked along some streets and then through a park. It's a nice walk.
Jiaying
That does sound nice! 唉?你刚刚说你 “walked along some streets”。为什么你在动词 “walked” 后面选择了 “along” 这个介词呢?
Georgie
I chose to say 'along' because I was talking about a long walk which involved many streets, whereas 'up' and 'down' are more commonly used to talk about one particular street.
Jiaying
由于你上班的路途较长,走过了很多条街道,所以在动词 “walked” 的后面使用了介词 “along”,表示 “沿着…,顺着…”。而介词 “up” 和 “down” 更常用来表示 “沿某一条特定的路走”。来听两个分别使用了 “up” 和 “down” 的例句。
Examples
We walked up the prettiest street when we were on holiday in Venice.
(在威尼斯度假时,我们走过了一条特别美丽的街道。)
To go to work, I just have to walk down this one road.
(要去上班,我只需要沿着这一条路走就到了。)
Jiaying
介词 “up” 和 “down” 更多地用来强调 “沿着特定的街道行走”。
Georgie
That's right. For this reason, we might use 'up' and 'down' more often when we're giving directions. You would not be wrong if you used 'along' to give directions. The meaning is still very similar, it's just less common.
Jiaying
没错,当我们为他人指路的时候,要表达清楚 “沿着特定的街道走”,所以更多地用 “up” 和 “down”,而更少地用 “along”。听两个例句,例句中的说话人正在为他人指路,分别使用了介词 “up” 和 “down”。
Examples
Turn left when you leave the house, then go up the street and you'll find the supermarket.
(出门左转,然后沿着这条街往前走,你就会看到超市了。)
If you want a shortcut, drive down the road without any traffic lights.
(如果你想抄近路,沿着没有红绿灯的那条路开下去。)
Jiaying
在上面的例句中,“go up” 和 “drive down” 后跟的都是一条特定的路,但 “up” 和 “down” 后面其实也可以跟表示 “道路” 的名词复数。
在第一个例句中,如果想表达 “沿着头三条街一直走”,那么你完全可以说 “go up the first three streets and you'll find the supermarket”。但这里,“go up” 中的 “up” 同样强调了 “已知的三条街”。
Georgie
Jiaying, can you help us with the difference between 'up' and 'down' the road?
Jiaying
Sure. “Up the road” 和 “down the road” 通常可以互换使用,尤其是当你所提及的道路平坦而无起伏的时候,但仅仅通过介词 “up” 或 “down” 是无法表达出道路的走向或者行进的方向的。指路时,可能还需要你用其它词句或肢体语言来将这类信息传达给问路的人。
Georgie
So, you could point and say 'go down the road' or 'go up the road' and it would mean the same thing?
Jiaying
Yes. 不过要注意,在特定的语境中,“go down the road” 可能有 “朝同一方向继续沿路行进” 的意思,而 “go back up the road” 的意思就是 “调头沿原路返回”。听两个例句。
Examples
You're trying to find the museum? Continue going straight down this street.
(你想去博物馆?那就继续沿着这条街一直走。)
If you're looking for the art gallery, turn around and go back up this street, then turn left.
(如果你在找去美术馆的路,那就先调头,沿这条街往回走,然后左转。)
Georgie
In that case, look out for clues like 'continue' and 'back'. OK, let's summarise.
Jiaying
好的,归纳一下:在几乎任何语境中,你都可以在 “go、walk、drive” 等动词后使用介词 “up”、“down” 或 “along”,后跟表示 “道路,街道” 的名词,表示 “沿着…,顺着…”。但指路时,我们更多地用 “go up” 和 “go down”,强调 “沿着特定的道路走”。此外,如果你想说 “在伦敦街头散步”,强调 “散步” 这个动作,重点并不是 “在哪条街上行走”,这时最好用 “walk along the streets of London”。
Georgie
Remember, if you have a question about the English language you'd like to ask us, please send us an email. Our email address is: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk
Jiaying
你也可以通过微博私信的方式把问题发送给我们,我们的微博账号是 “BBC英语教学”。Bye!
Georgie
Goodbye.