你问我答

多义词 hustle 的常见用法

内容简介

一位听众来信询问单词 “hustle” 的用法。“Hustle” 既可以作名词，也可以作动词；它看似有多个意思，易被混淆，为便于理解和记忆，我们将把 “hustle” 的意思归分为两类来讲解：一、用 “hustle” 指 “辛勤、努力工作”；二、用 “hustle” 指 “运动或移动”。听主持人 Georgie 和佳莹的讲解。

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（关于台词的备注: 请注意这不是广播节目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能没有体现录制、编辑过程中对节目做出的改变。）

Jiaying
大家好，欢迎收听 BBC英语教学的 “你问我答” 节目。With me, Jiaying. 

Georgie
And me, Georgie. One of our listeners has asked us a question: 

Question
你好，最近我对 “hustle” 这个单词很困惑，因为它的用法实在是太多了，不会用这个单词。

Jiaying
单词 “hustle” 的常见含义和用法分为两种：一是被用来谈论和 “工作” 有关的话题，二是被用来谈论 “人或事物的运动或移动”。

Georgie
Yes. For me, the first thing that comes to mind when I hear 'hustle' is working hard in a business setting, often working long hours.

Jiaying
That's right. 在谈论和 “工作” 有关的话题时，动词 “hustle” 的意思是 “为赚钱而努力工作”。来听两个例句。

Examples
If you want to succeed in this industry, you really have to hustle.
（如果你想在这个行业取得成功，你就必须努力工作。） 

She hustled to build her business from nothing to great success.
（她勤奋创业，从一无所有做到了功成名就。） 

Georgie
'Hustle' can also be used as a noun, meaning hard work.

Jiaying
是的，作名词使用时，“hustle” 可以指 “辛苦劳累，努力”。比如，搭配 “side hustle” 就很形象地比喻了 “某人在主要工作之外的副业”。听两个例句。 

Examples
The hustle required to launch a new product is hard, but it's worth it.
（推出新产品需要付出艰辛的努力，但这是值得的。）

Frank's main job is in finance, and teaching piano in the evenings is his side hustle.
（弗兰克的主业是金融，副业是晚上教人弹钢琴。） 

Jiaying
接下来，我们看一看 “hustle” 用来谈论 “movement（运动，移动）” 的时候，该怎么用。 

Georgie
It can mean to move or do something quickly, as if you are in a hurry or a rush.

Jiaying
是的，动词 “hustle” 有 “快速而匆忙行动” 的意思。来听两个例句。

Examples
We need to hustle if we want to finish renovating the office before the deadline.
（如果我们想在最后期限前完成办公室的装修工作，那就得抓紧时间了。）

Let's hustle, otherwise we're going to miss the train!
（我们得快点，否则就赶不上火车了！） 

George
Additionally, within the theme of movement, 'hustle' can also be used with an object, as in 'hustle someone'. 

Jiaying
动词 “hustle” 的后面可以直接跟宾语。比如：“hustle someone（催赶、催促某人）”。请听例句。

Example
The manager hustled the badly behaved customer out of the restaurant.
（这名经理把那位行为恶劣的顾客赶出了餐厅。） 

Jiaying
我们来补充一个包含 “hustle” 的常用固定短语 “hustle and bustle（熙熙攘攘，热热闹闹）”。这里，名词 “hustle” 的意思也可以理解为 “快速而充满活力的行动”。

Georgie
We often use it to talk about cities – 'the hustle and bustle of a city', but things like a busy town market can have 'hustle and bustle', too. 

Jiaying
Yes. 我们可以用 “the hustle and bustle of a city” 来特指 “城市的繁忙和喧嚣”，用 “the hustle and bustle of a town market” 来特指 “一个城镇市场的热闹景象”。来听两个使用了搭配 “hustle and bustle” 的例句。 

Examples
I couldn't live in the countryside. I love the hustle and bustle of the city too much!
（我可住不了乡下。因为我太喜欢城市的喧嚣繁忙！） 

Despite the hustle and bustle of the office, he was able to focus on his work.
（虽然办公室里人来人往，熙熙攘攘，但他仍然能专心地工作。） 

Jiaying
I really like the hustle and bustle of a city! What about you, Georgie? 

Georgie
I do as well, but I like to escape the hustle and bustle sometimes and go to my parents' house in the countryside. Let's summarise.

Jiaying
上面我们讲过，单词 “hustle” 的用法可以被分为两种：第一个和 “辛勤、努力工作” 有关，第二个和 “人或事物的运动或移动” 有关。作动词时，它可以表示 “为赚钱而努力工作”、“快速而匆忙行动” 或 “催促、催赶某人”；作名词使用时，“hustle” 可以指 “辛勤劳苦” 或 “充满活力的行动”，它也可以用在固定搭配 “hustle and bustle（热热闹闹，喧嚣忙碌，熙熙攘攘）” 当中。 

Georgie
Remember, if you have a question about the English language you'd like to ask us, please send us an email. Our email address is: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk

Jiaying
你也可以通过微博私信把问题发送给我们，我们的微博账号是 “BBC英语教学”。Bye, everyone! 

Georgie
Bye.