This is the VOA Special English Health Report.
Doctors say very few children survived cancer before the 1970s. Improved
treatments now offer hope of long-term survival for almost 80 percent of
young cancer patients. Yet the chemotherapy
drugs and radiation used to stop their cancers can lead to other
problems later.
A newly reported study looked at more than 10,000 adults who survived
childhood cancers. They were treated between 1970 and 1986. Their average
age at the time of the study was 26.
The study compared their medical histories with those of 3,000 of their
brothers and sisters.
The researchers found that 62 percent of the cancer survivors had at least
one long-term health problem. The same was true of only 37 percent of the
brothers and sisters.
The cancer survivors were eight times as likely as their siblings to have severe or
life-threatening conditions as adults. And many of the survivors had three or
more conditions.
The cancer survivors were at higher risk of problems like heart disease and
early bone loss. Chemotherapy can damage bone growth during an important period
of development. And radiation for some cancers can increase the risk of other
cancers later.
Survivors of bone cancers, cancers of the central nervous system and
Hodgkin's disease were at highest risk for health problems as adults. The study
also found that girls who survived cancer were more likely than boys to have
problems later.
Doctors say newer cancer treatments are a little safer but not much. Still,
the good news is that many of the conditions linked to cancer treatments can be
found when they are still treatable.
Kevin Oeffinger of the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York was
lead author of the study. He says doctors should watch closely for problems as
childhood cancer survivors get older. He says doctors should also be sure to
provide information about problems that a child cancer patient might expect in
the future. And he says it is especially important for survivors to eat right,
exercise and not smoke.
The report is from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. The findings appeared
in the New England Journal of Medicine.
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chemotherapy
drugs : 化疗药物
sibling :
a brother or sister（兄弟；姐妹）
（来源:VOA 英语点津姗姗编辑）
