Dye can bring a little color to life. Most clothing is colored with dyes.
Modern, manufactured dyes can be costly. Natural dyes from plant and animal
products have been used since ancient times. So this week, we describe a natural
way to dye wool.
The advice comes from information written by Jenny Dean of the Intermediate
Technology Development Group in Britain. This anti-poverty group is now called
Practical Action.
There are several methods to put dye onto material. The vat method, for
example, can be used to dye wool with onionskins. For this example, use one
hundred grams of natural wool. The wool must be clean. Leave it overnight in
water and liquid soap. Then wash it with clean water that is a little warm.
Gently squeeze out the extra water.
A solution called a mordant is used in the dying process. A mordant helps fix
the dye to the material. Traditionally, mordants were found in nature. Wood ash
is one example. But chemical mordants such as alum are popular today. Alum is
sold in many stores. It is often mixed with cream of tartar, a fine powder
commonly used in cooking.
Mix eight grams of alum with seven grams of cream of tartar in a small amount
of hot water. Add the solution to a metal pan of cool water. Next, add the wool
and place the mixture over heat. Slowly bring the liquid to eighty-two degrees
Celsius. Heat the mixture for forty-five minutes. After it cools, remove the
wool and wash it.
To prepare the dye solution, cover thirty grams of onionskins with water. Use
only the dry, brown outer skins. Boil the liquid until the onionskins lose their
color, about forty-five minutes,. Remove the skins after the dye cools.
Now it is time to dye the wool. Place the wool into the dye and heat the
mixture. Bring it to a boil, then immediately reduce the heat to eighty-two
degrees. Now heat the dye for about forty-five minutes or until the wool is the
desired color. Keep in mind that wet wool looks darker than it is.
Once the dye cools, remove the wool and wash it. Now the wool is orange or
yellow. Or at least it should be.
Internet users can get the full details at practicalaction, one word, dot
org. Again, the address is practicalaction dot org. And enter the word "dye,"
d-y-e, in the search box.
And that's the VOA Special English Development Report, written by Jill Moss.
I'm Steve Ember.
点击进入更多VOA慢速
（来源:VOA 英语点津姗姗编辑）
