每日新闻播报（December 12）

>Trump impeachment charges
美众院控告总统两宗罪

US House Democrats on Tuesday moved forward by announcing two articles of impeachment, accusing US President Donald Trump of abuse of power and obstruction of Congress — the culmination of over two months of investigation by Democrat-led House committees into the president's dealings with Ukraine.
由民主党主导的美国国会众议院在对美国总统特朗普"通乌门"事件进行了两个多月的调查后终于有了下一步行动，将这场"宫斗"大戏推向高潮。众议院民主党10日公布了针对特朗普的两项弹劾条款：滥用权力和妨碍国会。

"The president holds the ultimate public trust," House Judiciary Chairman Jerry Nadler said. "When he betrays that trust and puts himself before country, he endangers the Constitution, he endangers our democracy and he endangers our national security."
美国众议院司法委员会主席纳德勒说："总统拥有公众的最高信任。一旦他背叛这种信任，把自己置于国家之上，他就会危及宪法，我们的民主和我们的国家安全。"

White House Press Secretary Stephanie Grisham called the articles of impeachment a "baseless and partisan attempt to undermine a sitting President."
白宫新闻秘书斯蒂芬妮·格里沙姆称弹劾条款"毫无根据，是受党派利益驱使的试图推翻现任总统的阴谋"。

Trump is the fourth US president in American history to face impeachment.
特朗普是美国历史上第四位面临弹劾的总统。

If impeached, he will be the third US president to face a trial in the Senate.
如果被弹劾，他将成为第三位在参议院面临审判的总统。

>’Essay mills’ on the rise
'论文作坊'令英高校头疼

Cheating at some leading universities has more than doubled in the past five years, new figures show, as Russell Group institutions admit they are struggling to police so-called "essay mills".
最新数据显示，过去5年来，英国一些顶尖大学的作弊现象翻倍。罗素大学集团承认，他们正在努力监管所谓的"论文作坊"。

The number of students formally investigated for academic malpractice has quadrupled at Leeds University, from 127 in 2014/15 to 516 last year according to figures obtained by The Telegraph under freedom of information requests.
英国《每日电讯报》根据自由信息法案得到的数据显示，利兹大学正式调查的涉及学术不端行为的学生人数翻了两番，从2014-2015年度的127人增至去年的516人。

Meanwhile, the number at Nottingham University almost tripled from 195 to 514 over the same period, and more than doubled at Queen Mary University London, from 104 to 248.
在同一时期，诺丁汉大学因学术不端受调查的学生人数也几乎增长到原来的3倍，从195人增至514人。伦敦玛丽女王大学也翻了一倍多，从104人增加到248人。

These increases come amid a rise in the use of "essay mills", where companies offer essay-writing services for a fee. Also known as "contract cheating", it is particularly difficult to spot since the essays are written by humans rather than machines and often tailored for individual subjects.
其中，利用"论文作坊"的学生越来越多。"论文作坊"是指收费代写论文的公司，这一行为也被称为"合同作弊"。 由于论文是由人而非机器代写，且通常会按照要求"量身定做"，这种作弊情况常常很难被发现。

Some universities have seen a decline in traditional plagiarism, but figures show this is now being replaced by contract cheating.
数据显示，虽然一些大学的传统抄袭现象有所减少，但其实是被这种"合同作弊"所取代。

>Ice Bucket Challenge founder dies
冰桶挑战赛发起人去世

Pete Frates, an ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) advocate who started the Ice Bucket Challenge, died at the age of 34 on Monday.
9日，冰桶挑战发起人、渐冻症斗士皮特·弗雷茨去世，享年34岁。

Frates, a former Boston College baseball captain, was diagnosed with ALS in March 2012 at the age of 27.
弗雷茨曾是波士顿学院前棒球队队长，2012年3月，当时27岁的他被诊断出患上肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症(也被称作卢伽雷氏病或渐冻症)。

He and his family made significant efforts to raise awareness and money to try and find a cure for the progressive disease, also known as Lou Gehrig's disease.
为了提高人们对渐冻症的认识，同时也为了筹资以找到治疗这种渐进性疾病的方法，他和他的家人付出了巨大的努力。

The Ice Bucket Challenge became a viral sensation in the summer of 2014.
2014年夏天，"冰桶挑战"在各大社交媒体上走红。

During the social media phenomenon, people were challenged to dump a bucket of ice water over their heads, donate to the cause and ask friends to do the same.
参与者被要求将一桶冰水从头淋下，向此项活动捐款，并且点名邀请朋友加入该挑战赛。

The campaign spread worldwide, with professional athletes, politicians and celebrities participating and donating.
"冰桶挑战"风靡全球，职业运动员、政治家和名人纷纷响应并捐款。

About 17 million people from around the world raised more than $200 million worldwide for the fight against ALS.
全球范围内约1700万人为帮助渐冻症治疗和科研筹集了超过2亿美元的善款。

>Chunyun tickets to go on sale
春运火车票12日起开售

About 440 million trips are expected to be made by rail during the Spring Festival travel rush this year, according to the national railway operator.
中国国家铁路集团有限公司(下称"国铁集团")11日表示，2020年春运全国铁路预计发送旅客4.4亿人次。

The upcoming 40-day Spring Festival travel rush, also known as chunyun, will kick off on Jan 10 and end on Feb 18.
国铁集团表示，2020年铁路春运自1月10日开始，2月18日结束，共40天。

It will see 32.57 million more trips compared to last year.
全国铁路发送旅客量预计将同比增加3257万人次。

Train tickets for the first day of chunyun will go on sale Thursday.
本月12日起，春运火车票将正式销售。

Tickets can be purchased online or by phone 30 days in advance of travel or at railway stations, ticket agencies and self-ticketing machines 28 days ahead of time, according to the company.
互联网和电话订票提前30天发售，车站售票窗口、代售点和自动售票机提前28天发售。

To enhance railway capacity, more than 100 additional high-speed train services will be scheduled to operate each night, the company said.
国铁集团表示，为提升运力，春运期间每晚将增开100多列夜间高铁。

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