《抗美援朝战争史》关键词汉英对照 Keywords of The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea

在中国人民志愿军抗美援朝出国作战70周年之际，外文出版社与军事科学出版社隆重推出了《抗美援朝战争史》英文版。这是由中国军史专家编写，全面、系统向国际社会呈现抗美援朝战争历史的第一部英文著作。

该书由中国国内翻译军事著作的权威机构军事科学院外国军事研究部翻译。英文版稿件由作者、译者及中国外文局专家共同修订，政治观点鲜明，学术视角开放，是一部权威、系统对外表达中国对抗美援朝战争历史基本观点的重要著作。我们从书中选取了一批汉英对照关键词，供大家参考。

1.抗美援朝、保家卫国

resist US aggressors and aid Korea to defend the motherland

例句：“抗美援朝、保家卫国”的战略决策，是中共中央政治局根据当时的形势作出的，是基于支援朝鲜人民反抗美国侵略和保卫中国国家安全的共同需要作出的。
译文：The strategic decision of “resist US aggressors and aid Korea to defend the motherland” was made by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of CPC based on the analysis of the situation at that time, and met the needs of both assisting the Korean people and safeguarding Chinese national security.

2.一草一木

every tree and every blade of grass

例句：要保持和发扬人民军队的优良传统，处处关心和爱护朝鲜人民的利益，尊重朝鲜人民的风俗习惯。要像在国内战争对待本国人民一样来对待朝鲜人民，爱护朝鲜的一山一水一草一木。
译文：The CPVs should maintain and carry forward the fine traditions of the people’s army, always care and protect the interests of the Korean people, and respect the customs of the Korean people. The CPVs should treat the Korean people in the same way as they treat the Chinese people during the civil war and cherish every hill, every river, every tree and every blade of grass in Korea.

3.仁川登陆

landing in Inchon

例句：特别是侵朝美军在仁川登陆后，其地面部队越过三八线大举向中朝边境进犯，严重威胁了中国大陆的安全，朝鲜劳动党和朝鲜政府请求中国直接出动军队援助朝鲜人民作战。
译文：Especially after the American troops’ landing in Inchon, their ground forces crossed the 38th Parallel and intruded toward the frontiers of China, which posed grim threat to the safety of China’s mainland. The Korean Workers’ Party and Korean government requested China to enter the war on the side of North Korea.

4.三八线

the 38th Parallel

例句1：经过第一、第二两次战役的较量，志愿军就将已进至鸭绿江边的“联合国军”，全部打退到三八线及以南地区，从而根本扭转了朝鲜战局。
译文1：After the first and the second campaigns, the CPVs drove the UN Forces that had advanced to the Yalu River back to the 38th Parallel and further south, ultimately changing the situations of the Korean War.

例句2：这个备忘录将美国在朝鲜的终极目标和当前目标作了明确区分，确定美国在朝鲜的当前目标是在三八线地区建立一条有利的防线，寻求缔结停战协定，结束朝鲜战争。
译文2：This Policy memorandum clearly defined ultimate objectives and current objectives of the US in Korea and confirmed that the current goal of the US in Korea was to establish a favorable defensive line in the 38th Parallel area and seek conclusion of an armistice agreement to end the Korean War.

5.追击

chase and attack

例句：大田战役结束后，朝鲜人民军士气更旺，不停顿地发起第四次战役，向南推进，追击敌军，力图以快速的推进，打乱美军和南朝鲜军的部署，抢渡洛东江，解放全部国土。
译文：After the Taejeon Campaign, the Korean People’s Army, in a high morale, launched the Fourth Campaign without a pause, pushing to the south to chase and attack the enemy in an effort to break the deployment of the US Army and the South Korean Army, cross the Nakdong River, and finally liberate the whole Korea.

6.上甘岭

Sanggamryong

例句1：上甘岭有失，五圣山就直接受到威胁；五圣山若失，“联合国军”居高临下，志愿军在平康平原就很难立足。因此志愿军必须守住上甘岭。上甘岭成为两军必争之地。
译文1：If Sanggamryong were lost, Osongsan would be at risk, and if Osonsan fell thereafter, CPVs troops could not stand firm in Pyonggang while the UN Forces overlooking from the hilltop. For that reason, the CPVs had to hold Sanggamryong firmly, making it a place of vital importance to be wrestled for control by both sides.

例句2：上甘岭战役的胜利，使志愿军和人民军在整个正面战场完全掌握了主动权。而“联合国军”对在正面战线取得胜利，完全失去了信心。南朝鲜战史承认：“在整个冬季，无论防御或进攻，主动权均被以优势兵力为后盾的敌人所夺去。”
译文2：The CPVs and the KPA forces retained the complete initiative on the battle front through successful operations in the Sanggamryong Campaign. The UN Forces, however, had no confidence at all in winning any battle on the front lines. They conceded, as recorded in a South Korean war history book, that “throughout the winter, the enemy superior in number has firmly grasped the initiative in both the offensive and defensive operations.”

7.金城战役

the Kimsong Campaign

例句：金城战役是抗美援朝战争的最后一次战役。这次战役本来是不该发生的，如果没有李承晚集团破坏战俘遣返协议，阻挠朝鲜停战实现，那么朝鲜停战在1953年6月底以前即可实现。
译文：The Kimsong Campaign was the last major action of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. The battles should not have been fought, and an armistice would have been realized by the end of June 1953, had it not been for the Rhee authorities to wreck the POWs repatriation agreement and block the armistice process.

8.停战协定

the Armistice Agreement

例句1：历史的时针指向1953年7月27日。这天上午，朝鲜战争敌对双方将在板门店新建起的凸字形大厅内，举行庄严的停战协定签字仪式。
译文1：It was July 27 1953, a historic time. The two sides of the Korean War held a solemn armistice agreement signing ceremony in the newly built hall at Panmunjom that morning.

例句2：此后，中国人民志愿军又进行了维护朝鲜停战协定的斗争和帮助朝鲜人民恢复家园的工作，直至1958年10月全部撤出朝鲜回国。
译文2：Afterward, the Chinese People’s Volunteers worked to preserve the Korean Armistice Agreement and helped Korean people rebuild their country till October 1958, when all Chinese troops withdrew from Korea.