2021年2月新闻热词汇总

天问一号 Tianwen 1

2月12日，举国欢庆农历新年之际，国家航天局发布我国首次火星探测任务“天问一号”探测器火星捕获过程影像。

 

The video fully recorded Mars gradually entering the field of view, the slight vibration of the probe after the engine was ignited, and the probe's flight from Mars day to Mars night. The solar wing, directional antenna, Martian atmosphere, and surface morphology are visible in the video.
影像完整记录了火星进出视野、发动机点火后探测器轻微震动和探测器从火星白天飞入黑夜的过程，太阳翼、定向天线、火星大气层及表面形貌清晰可见。

2021年2月10日19时52分，我国首次火星探测任务“天问一号”探测器实施近火捕获制动（braking near Mars），环绕器3000牛轨控发动机点火工作约15分钟，探测器顺利进入近火点高度约400千米，周期约10个地球日，倾角约10°的大椭圆环火轨道（enter an elliptical orbit around Mars），成为我国第一颗人造火星卫星，实现“绕、着、巡”目标的第一步，环绕火星成功。

国家航天局的专家介绍：

After entering orbit around Mars, Tianwen-1 will brake to adjust the orbital inclination of the flight at the apoareion, the highest point of the orbit around Mars.
“天问一号”进入到环火轨道，在远火点进行一次平面机动，调整飞行的轨道倾角。

Tianwen-1 will then brake at the periareion, the point in the orbit that is closest to Mars, and adjust its orbital period to ensure that the spacecraft's track passes the preset landing site.
当回到近火点时，它就要慢踩刹车，对轨道周期进行相应调整，以保证轨迹经过预定的着陆点。

When the Chinese probe reaches the periareion for the second time, it will brake again to perform an orbital maneuver and make sure the lander and rover of Tianwen-1 can complete the landing on Mars at the scheduled time and place.
当“天问一号”在停泊调相轨道上再次到达近火点时，需要再次刹车，进入停泊轨道，并在该轨道上进行多次调整，保证着陆器和巡视器在预先设定的时间、地点着陆火星。

It is expected to land on Mars in May or June. Chinese space engineers and scientists have chosen a relatively flat region in the southern part of the Utopia Planitia, a large plain, as the potential landing zone. A rover will be released after the landing to conduct scientific exploration.
“天问一号”计划于2021年5月至6月间择机实施火星着陆。我国航天科研人员已经在火星上的“乌托邦平原”南部选定了一块相对平坦的区域作为着陆点。着陆后，巡视器将开展科研探测。

China's Tianwen 1 probe entered its preset parking orbit above Mars on Wednesday and will fly in this orbit for about three months, said the China National Space Administration.国家航天局表示，2月24日，“天问一号”探测器进入预定的火星停泊轨道。探测器将在停泊轨道上运行约3个月。

 

 

电影票房 box office

At 8:46 pm on Monday, China has just set a new Spring Festival record by accumulating a box office total of around 6 billion yuan during the holiday, including presale tickets, according to the live movie information tracing app Beacon. The figure surpassed the former same-period record of 5.905 billion yuan in 2019.
据灯塔实时数据，2月15日晚20时46分，2021春节档期内(2月11-17日)总票房(含预售)破60亿元，超过2019年春节档59.05亿元的票房，创下新纪录。

【词汇讲解】

说几个跟record（纪录）相关的搭配：set/make a record（创下纪录），break a record（打破纪录），beat/smash/shatter a previous record均表示“打破此前的纪录”，与break a record意思类似，只不过用词更加生动形象，避免重复。

另外补充两个跟record相关的固定短语：off the record （私下说的；不供发表的），比如：She made it clear that her comments were strictly off the record.（她说得很清楚，她的这些评论绝不许对外公布）；on the record （公开发表；公开表明），比如：None of the company directors were prepared to comment on the record yesterday.（昨天，公司没有一个董事准备公开发表意见）。

 

春节档几部影片的具体表现如何？

Detective Chinatown 3, the third installment of the title franchise, which is about a couple of amateur detectives' adventures in solving mysteries, has soared as this festival's box-office champion by bringing in around 3 billion yuan despite receiving mixed reviews.
《唐探3》，也是该系列的第三部影片，评价褒贬不一，但仍然收获30亿左右票房，成为春节档票房冠军。唐探系列影片讲的是几个业余侦探在探案过程中的冒险故事。

Hi, Mom, widely regarded as the top dark horse thanks to its tear-jerking depiction of mother-daughter affection, has earned 1.7 billion yuan in rising to the second slot. The film is the directorial debut of comedy actress-turned-filmmaker Jia Ling.
《你好，李焕英》凭借展现母女情的催泪情节成为公认的春节档黑马，收获17亿元的票房，位列票房收入第二位。该片是喜剧演员贾玲的导演处女作。

【单词讲解】

Debut这个词读作[deɪˈbju]，可以用作动词、名词或形容词，均表示“初次、首次”的意思，比如：She made her professional stage debut in Swan Lake.（她凭借《天鹅湖》首次在专业舞台亮相）；Her new detective series will be her debut on the small screen.（她新拍的侦探剧将是她的小荧幕首秀）；This song will be debuted next Saturday night.（下周六晚，这首歌首发）；She made her debut album in 1973.（她在1973年发布首张专辑）。

 

Director Lu Yang's A Writer's Odyssey, a boldly imaginative visualization of a horrible fantasy world, has taken the third seat with 410 million yuan.
路阳导演的《刺杀小说家》以4.1亿票房收入位列第三，该片用大胆的想象展现了一个虚幻的恐怖世界。

 

春节档影片票价为何偏高

As an anti-epidemic measure, authorities are requiring theaters in low-risk areas to limit seating to 75 percent of capacity.
主管部门要求低风险地区影剧院采取防控措施，将上座率控制在75%。

首都电影院副总经理表示：

Most cinemas in big cities have raised ticket prices since there are more moviegoers but fewer seats. Besides, they have extra costs for pandemic-prevention items.
大城市的多数影院都提高了票价，因为观众多、座位少。而且，影院也要承担防疫用品的额外支出。

 

 

欧盟最大贸易伙伴 the EU's biggest trading partner

欧盟统计局近日发布的贸易数据显示，中国在2020年首次超越美国（overtake the US），成为欧盟最大贸易伙伴（the EU's biggest trading partner）。

According to the EU's statistical service, the bloc's imports from China throughout the year 2020 grew by 5.6 percent year-on-year to 383.5 billion euros ($465 billion), and exports grew by 2.2 percent to 202.5 billion euros.
欧盟统计局的数据显示，2020年欧盟与中国进出口贸易实现双增长，其中从中国进口商品3835亿欧元，同比增长5.6%；向中国出口商品2025亿欧元，同比增长2.2%。

【单词讲解】

在统计类的报道中，我们经常会看到“同比”这个表述，其实就是用当前的数据跟上一年年同期的数据相比。“同比”英文用形容词year-on-year或者副词短语year on year表示，比如：There were 2.95 million delivery staff at Meituan Dianping at the end of June, an increase of 16.4 percent year-on-year（今年6月底，美团点评共有外卖人员295万，同比增加了16.4%）。In July, the share price has grown 20% year on year.（7月份，股票价格同比上涨了20%）。

 

此前，美国是欧盟第一大贸易伙伴。

The EU's trade with the US saw a substantial decline both ways in 2020, according to Eurostat.
欧盟统计局表示，2020年欧盟对美国进出口双双下降。

Trade with the United States recorded a significant drop in both imports (-13.2%) and exports (-8.2%).
欧盟自美国进口商品同比下降13.2%；对美国出口商品下降8.2%。

在欧盟前十大货物贸易伙伴中，中国是唯一实现贸易双向增长的。

China was the only major global economy to see growth in 2020, stoking demand for European cars and luxury goods.
中国是2020年唯一实现经济增长的全球主要经济体，对欧洲汽车和奢侈品的需求进一步增加。

【单词讲解】

这里表达“催生需求”时用了一个很地道的动词stoke，这个词本意是“stir up a fire; supply with fuel”，即“拨动火堆使其烧得更旺；添加燃料”，由此引申出了“激起、煽动、促进”等意思，比如：The new ad campaign has helped to stoke sales（新的广告宣传活动帮助提升了销量），在这个语境下，stoke与boost意思相近，可以替换使用。

Meanwhile, China's exports to Europe benefited from strong demand for medical equipment and electronics.
与此同时，中国对欧洲的出口得益于对医疗设备和电子产品的强劲需求。

德国咨询公司Sinolytics的主任龙信鑫（Jost Wuebbeke）分析称：

The extended lockdown in Europe created a huge demand for electronics, entertainment and health care goods, many of which are manufactured in China.
欧洲漫长的封锁期制造了对电子产品、娱乐产品以及医疗保健产品的巨大需求，其中很多产品都是中国制造。

中国驻欧盟使团团长张明表示，

The surge in China-EU trade fully speaks for the strong resilience of China-EU economic and trade cooperation.
中国跃升为欧盟第一大贸易伙伴，充分体现了中欧经贸合作的强劲韧性。

 

 

戍边英雄 border-defending hero

《解放军报》刊发了反映中印边境任务部队官兵卫国戍边先进事迹的报道，证实在去年6月的中印边境冲突中，中方有4名官兵牺牲，1名团长重伤。

 

The Central Military Commission issued commendations to the servicemen for their role in bravely fighting back hostilities provoked by foreign forces at the Galwan Valley.The title of "border-defending hero" was conferred on Battalion Commander Chen Hongjun posthumously, while Chen Xiangrong, Xiao Siyuan and Wang Zhuoran received first-class merit. Qi Fabao, who was seriously injured in the skirmish, received the title of "hero regiment commander for defending the border."
中央军委向在加勒万河谷地区英勇回击外军恶意挑衅的官兵授予荣誉称号，追授营长陈红军“卫国戍边英雄”荣誉称号，给陈祥榕、肖思远、王焯冉追记一等功，在冲突中受重伤的祁发宝被授予“卫国戍边英雄团长”荣誉称号。

【单词讲解】

这里的commendation是动词commend的名词形式，表示“表扬、赞扬、嘉奖”等意思，是一个比较正式的用词，比如： His poetry is highly commended by other writers（他的诗得到其他作者的高度赞扬）。因此，issue commendations to someone就是“向某人授予荣誉、嘉奖”，“一等功”为first-class merit，二等功和三等功可以以此类推为second-class merit和third-class merit。

文中的posthumously表示“在某人过世后”，是一个副词，比如：His last novel was published posthumously（他的最后一部小说在他过世以后才出版）。

 

国防部新闻发言人任国强表示：

The motherland and the people will always remember the heroes and martyrs who sacrificed their lives and sustained injuries for the nation, and their family members will be rendered proper care.
对于为国牺牲和负伤的英雄烈士，祖国永远不会忘记，人民永远不会忘记。英雄烈士们的家人会得到妥善的安排和照顾。

Indian troops crossed the Line of Actual Control illegally last June to spark provocation, and violently attacked the Chinese personnel who were there for negotiation, Ren said, stressing that India should bear full responsibility for deliberately triggering conflict at the Galwan Valley and causing casualties.
2020年6月印军非法越线、率先挑衅、暴力攻击中方前出交涉人员，蓄意制造了加勒万河谷冲突，造成双方人员伤亡，责任完全在印方。

After the conflict, China exercised restraint for the sake of overall relations between the two countries and the armed forces, and took measures to ease tensions, Ren said.
冲突发生后，中方为维护两国两军关系大局，推动局势降温缓和，保持了高度克制。

However, the Indian side repeatedly exaggerated and stirred up the casualties, distorted the truth, misled international public opinions, and slandered Chinese border troops, Ren added.
但印方多次渲染炒作有关伤亡事件，歪曲事实真相，误导国际舆论，污蔑中国边防部队官兵。

Chinese media coverage of the heroic deeds is objective and will help the international community learn about the truth and distinguish right from wrong, Ren noted.
中国媒体对英雄事迹进行公开报道，是客观报道事实的媒体责任，有利于澄清真相，以正视听，让世人看清其中的是非曲直。

【词汇讲解】

动词distinguish表示“辨别，区分”等意思，常用的搭配是distinguish A from B，即“区分A和B”，比如这里的distinguish right from wrong就是“分辨是非曲直”。此外，distinguish还有“使出名，使不同于...”的意思，比如：They distinguished themselves as pioneers of hip-hop（他们作为嘻哈音乐的先锋人物广为人知），所以在一些会议的致辞中经常会听到“distinguished guests”这样的称谓，其实就是比较有名气或有影响力的宾客。

China's position on the boundary issue with India is consistent, clear, and sincere, Ren said, adding that China has always been committed to resolving disputes through dialogue and negotiation and working towards cooling down the situation in a bid to restore peace and tranquility in the border areas as soon as possible.
中方对解决中印边境问题的立场是清晰的、一贯的、真诚的，始终致力于通过对话谈判解决争端，始终致力于尽快推动局势降温缓和，尽快恢复中印边境地区和平安宁。

 

外交部发言人华春莹表示：

China has published relevant reports and revealed the truth on the border clashes with India, and this will help people understand the truth and the rights and wrongs of these events.
中方媒体刊发反映中印边境任务部队官兵卫国戍边先进事迹的报道，公布加勒万河谷冲突事件事实真相，有利于人们了解事实经纬和是非曲直。

Noting that the responsibility for the border incident between China and India in the Galwan Valley last June does not lie with the Chinese side, Hua said the incident caused casualties, and in order to maintain the overall relationship between the two countries, China has maintained a high degree of restraint in easing up and cooling down the situation, an approach that shows China's tolerance and sense of responsibility as a responsible major country.
去年6月发生了加勒万河谷冲突事件，造成了双方人员伤亡，责任完全在印方。中方为维护两国两军关系大局，推动局势降温缓和，保持了高度克制，体现了中国作为负责任大国的气度担当。

However, the Indian side has repeatedly hyped up the casualties, distorted the truth and misled international public opinion, she said.
但印方多次渲染炒作有关伤亡事件，歪曲事实真相，误导国际舆论。

"Now the PLA Daily has published relevant reports and revealed the truth. I believe it will help people to understand the truth and the rights and wrongs of the events. It is also a tribute to the bravery of the heroes and martyrs defending the country on the border," Hua said.
现在《解放军报》刊发有关报道，公布事实真相，有利于人们了解事实经纬和是非曲直，也是对卫国戍边英雄官兵的应有敬意。

She stressed that China always maintains a consistent position on resolving the border issue, and is always committed to properly resolving disputes through dialogue while maintaining peace and stability in the border area.
中方对解决中印边境问题的立场是清晰的、一贯的，中方始终致力于通过对话妥善解决争端，维护边境地区的和平稳定。

"We hope to work with the Indian side to maintain peace and tranquility in the border area and promote the long-term, healthy and stable development of bilateral relations. I think it is in the common interests of the two peoples," Hua said.
希望印方同中方共同努力，致力于维护中印边境地区和平安宁，推动两国关系长期健康稳定发展，这符合两国人民的共同利益。

 

中央一号文件 No. 1 central document

21世纪以来第18个指导“三农”工作的中央一号文件《中共中央 国务院关于全面推进乡村振兴加快农业农村现代化的意见》2月21日发布。

During the 14th Five-Year Plan period (2021-2025), the Communist Party of China will regard work concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers as its top priority, said the document.
文件指出，“十四五”时期，要坚持把解决好“三农”问题作为全党工作重中之重。

"China will make the comprehensive advancement of rural vitalization a major task in realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and will speed up the modernization of agriculture and the countryside with the efforts of the whole Party and society," according to the document.
文件指出，要把全面推进乡村振兴作为实现中华民族伟大复兴的一项重大任务，举全党全社会之力加快农业农村现代化。

【知识点】

中央一号文件（No. 1 central document）指中共中央每年发布的第一份文件（the first policy statement released by central authorities each year）。中共中央在2004年至2021年连续十八年发布以“三农”（农业、农村、农民）为主题的中央一号文件，强调了“三农”问题（issues relating to agriculture, rural areas and farmers）在中国社会主义现代化时期“重中之重”的地位。

 

文件列出的目标任务包括：

This year, the country will keep its sown areas stable, with the grain output to exceed 650 billion kg, further improve the quality of agricultural products and food safety, and ensure that the growth of farmers' incomes outpaces that of urban residents, said the document.
2021年，粮食播种面积保持稳定、产量达到1.3万亿斤以上，农产品质量和食品安全水平进一步提高，农民收入增长继续快于城镇居民。

The country will also start implementing the plan on the modernization of agriculture and the countryside, and further promote reforms in rural areas.
农业农村现代化规划启动实施，农村改革重点任务深入推进。

By 2025, China will see substantial progress in the modernization of agriculture and the countryside, with achievements seen for a more solid agricultural foundation, a narrower income gap between rural and urban residents, and basically realizing agricultural modernization where conditions permit, said the document.
到2025年，农业农村现代化取得重要进展，农业基础更加稳固，城乡居民收入差距持续缩小，有条件的地区率先基本实现农业现代化。

 

文件其他要点包括：

实现巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接

China will set a five-year transition period for counties that have shaken off poverty and gradually shift the policy focus from poverty alleviation toward comprehensively promoting rural vitalization.
脱贫攻坚目标任务完成后，对摆脱贫困的县，从脱贫之日起设立5年过渡期，逐步实现由脱贫攻坚向全面推进乡村振兴平稳过渡。

The country will continue to consolidate poverty alleviation outcomes, promote rural vitalization in areas that have shaken off poverty, and strengthen assistance for low-income rural residents on a regular basis, said the document.
持续巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果，接续推进脱贫地区乡村振兴，加强农村低收入人口常态化帮扶。

 

加快推进农业现代化

The document stresses the country's ability to ensure the supply of grain and major agricultural products, including stabilizing the sown area of grain and improving the yield per unit area, accelerating the building of a modern breeding system, promoting green and healthy aquaculture, and optimizing the trade of agricultural products.
提升粮食和重要农产品供给保障能力，要稳定粮食播种面积、提高单产水平，加快构建现代养殖体系，推进水产绿色健康养殖，优化农产品贸易布局。

The protection, development and utilization of agricultural germplasm resources should be strengthened and the implementation of major scientific and technological projects in agricultural biological breeding should be accelerated.
加强农业种质资源保护开发利用，加快实施农业生物育种重大科技项目。

The document emphasizes that the country must retain a "red line" of 1.8 billion mu (120 million hectares) of arable land. The construction of 100 million mu of high-standard farmland with high and stable yields regardless of drought and flood will be complete this year.
坚决守住18亿亩耕地红线。2021年建设1亿亩旱涝保收、高产稳产高标准农田。

【单词讲解】

这里的red line也可以写作redline，指“a recommended safety limit”（安全线），也就是说，耕地面积如果低于这个水平，就可能会危及粮食安全。此外，在谈判或交战的情况下，red line也可以表示某一方能够容忍的最大限度，即“底线”，常用的搭配是cross a red line，比如：The use of chemical weapons in the conflict will cross a red line and trigger immediate intervention（冲突中使用化学武器是越线行为，会立即触发干涉行为）。

Efforts should also be made to strengthen the support provided to modern agriculture by science, technology and equipment, to establish agricultural modernization demonstration zones, with the total number to reach about 500 by 2025, and to advance the green development of agriculture, according to the document.
强化现代农业科技和物质装备支撑。把农业现代化示范区作为推进农业现代化的重要抓手，到2025年创建500个左右示范区。推进农业绿色发展。

 

大力实施乡村建设行动

China will vigorously implement an action plan for rural construction, setting targets for better rural public infrastructure and basic public services, stronger rural consumption, and faster integrated urban-rural development within counties, among others, according to the document.
大力实施乡村建设行动。加强乡村公共基础设施建设，提升农村基本公共服务水平。全面促进农村消费，加快县域内城乡融合发展。