2021年2月新闻热词汇总

唐宫夜宴 Palace Banquet in Tang Dynasty

今年春节假期，除了电影票房大热之外，河南卫视春晚的舞蹈节目《唐宫夜宴》也火出了圈。

The classical dance program Palace Banquet in Tang Dynasty created by Zhengzhou Song & Dance Theater has gone viral on Chinese social media platforms and won much acclaim from netizens after its debut at the 2021 Henan TV Spring Festival Gala.
由郑州歌舞剧院创作的古典舞《唐宫夜宴》亮相2021年河南春晚后在社交媒体平台上走红，受到网友的广泛赞誉。

【单词讲解】

这里的acclaim用作名词，表示“（公开的）赞誉，称赞，赞扬”，上文中的搭配win acclaim from someone就是“受到某人的赞誉”，我们还可以说someone deserves the acclaim he/she has received（某人受到的赞誉是当之无愧的）。此外，acclaim也可以直接用作动词表示“称赞，赞誉”，相当于praise或applaud，上文的表述也可以改写为the program was widely acclaimed by netizens。

The program presents a banquet at which plump and lovable girls in the Tang Dynasty (618-907) sometimes dress themselves up and sometimes play together. Many say it is pretty much like walking in an ancient painting scroll which shows the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty in an incisive and vivid way.
节目中，参加夜宴的唐朝少女们“圆润讨喜”，她们时而梳妆打扮、时而嬉笑打闹，如同在古画中穿梭行走，将大唐盛世的繁华景象展现得淋漓尽致。

【单词讲解】

Plump在这里是一个形容词，表示“having a full rounded usually pleasing form”，用中文来表述就是“圆润的，丰腴的（身材）”，是一个比较积极正面的词。我们熟知的fat如果用来形容别人的身材，则有一些冒犯之意，要慎用。Overweight和obese则是在健康领域常用的两个词，客观形容某个人“超重”或“肥胖”。

《唐宫夜宴》到底牛在哪？

Fourteen dancers wearing jumpsuits filled with sponge and with special cotton in their mouths recreate the plump figures of Tang Dynasty females. Besides, crescent-shaped makeup and costumes resembling Tang tri-colored pottery make audiences feel like travelling to the Tang Dynasty 1,300 years ago.
为体现丰腴的唐俑形象，演员们穿着塞海绵的连体衣，嘴里含着棉花登台演出，而月牙形的妆容和仿唐三彩陶器的服装，让观众仿佛穿越回1300多年前的唐朝。

据河南春晚总导演陈雷介绍，《唐宫夜宴》由2020年郑州歌舞剧院在第十二届中国舞蹈荷花奖中的参赛作品《唐俑》改编而来（adapted from an entry in the 12th Chinese Dance Lotus Award in 2020）。

Modern digital technology such as 3D and AR are used to produce a combination of virtual scene with real stage, along with nifty dance moves of actresses and demonstration of national treasures, have all made the show impressive .
3D和AR等现代电子技术的运用让虚拟场景和真实舞台结合，配上演员们俏皮的舞蹈动作以及一些国宝的展示，让整个节目得以精彩呈现。

节目里融入的文物元素也是其一大亮点，其中就有三件国宝亮相：

Fu Hao Xiao Zun (Bronze wine vessel in the shape of owl)
妇好鸮尊

Lian He Fang Hu (Rectangular wine vessel with lotus and crane)
莲鹤方壶

the Jiahu Bone Flutes
贾湖骨笛

对于这个舞蹈创意的来源，《唐宫夜宴》主创、郑州歌舞剧院舞蹈编导陈琳说：

Chinese classical dance is deeply rooted in the nation's excellent traditional culture, we visit many museums every year, trying to get some inspiration for our creation. When we saw the distinctive Tang Dynasty singing and dancing figurines at Henan Museum and Luoyang Museum, we began to think how to recreate such scenes in our dance work with artistic skills.
古典舞深深根植于中国优秀传统文化，我们每年都会去很多博物馆进行采风创作，当在河南博物院、洛阳博物馆看到极具特点的唐代乐舞俑造型后，我们就开始思考如何用艺术的手法将唐代的乐舞场景在舞蹈作品中呈现。

家务劳动补偿 housework compensation

近日，北京市房山区人民法院适用民法典规定，首次审结了一起离婚家务补偿案件。

The ruling, made by Beijing Fangshan District People's Court, ordered a man, surnamed Chen, to pay 50,000 yuan ($7,700) to his ex-wife surnamed Wang as compensation for her housework during their five-year marriage, after splitting their joint property equally. Wang was also awarded custody of their son and 2,000 yuan per month in alimony.
北京市房山区人民法院判决一名陈姓男子向其前妻王女士支付5万元作为5年婚姻期间家务劳动的补偿。同时，法院判决孩子由王女士抚养，陈先生每月给付抚养费2000元；共同财产则由双方平均分割。

为何要补偿？

案件判决公布后，引发网友热议。有网友提出既然夫妻分工，家务劳动算是分工的一种，离婚时财产一人一半，为什么还有补偿一说？

有关专家认为：

Housework compensation is designed to offer additional protection to spouses who have undertaken more domestic chores -- and sacrificed opportunities to advance their career or education.
为家务付出较多的一方，还有着能力提高、学历增长等等无形中的牺牲，家务补偿是对家务劳动付出较多一方一个更加倾斜性的保护。

清华大学法学院副教授龙俊表示：

For the spouse who works outside, after divorce they can still enjoy the resources, connections and status they've had -- and still earn the same level of income. But for the spouse who has been paying efforts quietly at home, they will have to face the problem of returning to (work). This means that the homemaker has to pay a hidden cost in addition to the efforts they paid during the marriage.
在外面工作那一方，他离婚之后，还是可以继续之前享有的资源。他的人脉，他的身份地位不变，他离婚之后还可以获得这么多的收入。但是长期在家里默默付出的这一方的话，他离婚之后还是会涉及到一个重新回归社会的一个问题。这意味着什么呢，就是说在家务劳动这一方，他除了在婚姻关系存续间的付出以外他还有一个隐性的付出。

5万元的标准怎么计算的？

还有网友认为，5万元的补偿太少了，和付出不成正比。

根据《民法典》第一千零八十八条的规定：“夫妻一方因抚育子女、照料老年人、协助另一方工作等负担较多义务的（a spouse who takes more responsibility in raising children, caring for elderly family members or assisting their partner in career development），离婚时有权向另一方请求补偿（seek compensation from their partner），另一方应当给予补偿。具体办法由双方协议；协议不成的，由人民法院判决。

对于具体的补偿标准，该案主审法官冯淼表示，在《民法典》大框架下，这个定量主要是由法官合理合情合法地行使自由裁量权，5万元的经济补偿主要是考虑到以下因素：

双方婚后共同生活的时间 （how long the couple lived together）

女方在家务劳动中具体付出的情况（how much the woman did for the family）

男方个人的经济收入（the man's income levels）

当地一般的生活水平（the cost of living in the city）

本案为何引发热议？

民法典“激活”了离婚家务劳动补偿制度。

In 2001, housework compensation was added to a revision of China's marriage law with the precondition that it only applied to couples who agreed to separation of property, in which each spouse retains exclusive ownership of property acquired during the marriage.
2001年，“家务劳动补偿” 被写入《婚姻法》修正案，但必须以“夫妻书面约定婚姻关系存续期间所得的财产归各自所有”为前提。

In reality, however, legal experts say few Chinese couples have reached formal agreement to keep their property separate, so it's rare for divorcing spouses to qualify for court-approved housework compensation.
法律专家表示，在现实中，很少有夫妻达成财产分别拥有的正式协议，因此在离婚案中很少有符合条件能适用家务劳动补偿制度的。

民法典对此作出新规定，离婚家务劳动补偿制度被大大“激活”，家务劳动的价值也在法律层面得到更为广泛的承认和尊重。

脱贫攻坚战全面胜利 complete victory in the fight against poverty

President Xi Jinping announced on Thursday that China has scored a "complete victory" in its fight against poverty. Xi, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, said absolute poverty has been eradicated in the world's most populous country. Xi made the announcement while addressing a grand gathering held in Beijing to mark the country's accomplishments in poverty alleviation and honor its model poverty fighters. Over the past eight years, the final 98.99 million impoverished rural residents living under the current poverty line have all been lifted out of poverty. All the 832 impoverished counties and 128,000 impoverished villages have been removed from the poverty list. Since the launch of the reform and opening-up in the late 1970s, 770 million impoverished rural residents have shaken off poverty when calculated in accordance with China's current poverty line. China has contributed more than 70% of global poverty reduction over the same period. With such achievements, China has created another "miracle" that will "go down in history," Xi said.
全国脱贫攻坚总结表彰大会于2月25日在北京隆重举行，中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平发表重要讲话。习近平庄严宣告，我国脱贫攻坚战取得全面胜利。过去八年来，现行标准下9899万农村贫困人口全部脱贫，832个贫困县全部摘帽，12.8万个贫困村全部出列，完成了消除绝对贫困的艰巨任务。自20世纪70年代末实行改革开放以来，我国累计已有7.7亿农村贫困人口脱贫，对全球减贫事业的贡献率超过七成，创造了又一个彪炳史册的人间奇迹！

国家乡村振兴局 National Administration for Rural Revitalization

2021年2月25日，国家乡村振兴局牌子正式挂出。

The National Administration for Rural Revitalization was formally inaugurated at the headquarters of the former State Council Leading Group Office of Poverty Alleviation and Development in Beijing.
国家乡村振兴局在原“国务院扶贫开发领导小组办公室”所在地正式挂牌。

【单词讲解】

英文报道中的inaugurate通常有三层意思，一表示“就职，举行就职典礼”，具体的用法是，（就职的）人+ be inaugurated 比如：US President Donald Trump was inaugurated on January 20, 2017.（美国总统特朗普的就职典礼于2017年1月20日举行。）“就职典礼”的名词形式可以直接用inauguration来表示，后面无需加ceremony，因为inauguration本身就包含“典礼”这一层意思，比如：presidential inauguration（总统就职典礼）。

二表示“落成，成立”，用法与第一层意思相同，（成立的）机构+ be inaugurated，比如：A new school was inaugurated in the village.（这个村子里新落成了一所学校。）

三表示“开创，开展”，比如：The coronavirus pandemic has inaugurated a time of chaos and change.（新冠病毒大流行开创了一个混乱与变革的时代。）Pan Am inaugurated the first scheduled international flight.（泛美航空公司开通了第一条国际定期航班线路。）

作为国务院议事协调机构，国务院扶贫开发领导小组（the State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development）成立于1986年5月16日，当时称国务院贫困地区经济开发领导小组，1993年12月28日改用现名。

国家乡村振兴局正式挂牌，既是我国脱贫攻坚战取得全面胜利（complete victory of the fight against poverty）的一个标志，也是全面实施乡村振兴战略（comprehensively promote the rural revitalization strategy），奔向新生活、新奋斗的起点。

2018年发布的《中共中央国务院关于实施乡村振兴战略的意见》，对实施乡村振兴战略进行了全面部署。

文件指出，乡村振兴，产业兴旺（thriving businesses）是重点；生态宜居（pleasant living environment）是关键；乡风文明（social etiquette and civility）是保障；治理有效（effective governance）是基础；生活富裕（prosperity）是根本；摆脱贫困（out of poverty）是前提。

文件确定了实施乡村振兴战略的目标任务：

到2020年，乡村振兴取得重要进展（substantial progress in rural vitalization），制度框架和政策体系基本形成（the strategy should have established an institutional framework and policy system）；

到2035年，乡村振兴取得决定性进展（decisive progress will be achieved in rural vitalization），农业农村现代化基本实现（basically realize modernization of agriculture and rural areas）；

到2050年，乡村全面振兴，农业强、农村美、农民富全面实现（rural areas should have strong agriculture, a beautiful countryside and well-off farmers）。

（中国日报网英语点津 Helen）