一周热词回顾（1.16-1.22）

3. 光棍危机

bachelor crisis

请看例句：

The ratio of male to female births in China has decreased for seven years in a row, but it is still likely that more than 30m males will have to stay single, according to data released by the National Bureau of Statistics. These statistics highlight the country's bachelor crisis.

国家统计局数据显示，尽管我国男女出生人口性别比连续七年下降，仍有3000多万男性人口将"打光棍"。这些数据凸显了我国的光棍危机。

一般来说，造成一个国家和地区的性别比失衡(unbalanced sex ratio)有两大主要原因：移民和出生性别比失衡。由于移民比例很小，中国人口性别比失衡的根本原因是出生性别比(sex ratio at birth)失衡。正常自然情况下的出生性别比(the biologically natural sex ratios at birth)一般介于103和107之间(range from 103 to 107 boys for every 100 girls)。

国家卫计委在2015年初表示，目前中国出生性别比整体水平依然偏高，其后果已经显现(adverse effects are already showing)，风险进一步扩大(risk is further expanding)。"婚姻挤出"(marriage squeeze)很形象地显示了性别比失衡(gender imbalance)对婚姻的影响——原本相对稳定平衡的婚姻市场(marriage market)因为多出数千万男性变得拥挤，使得多出的男性被挤压出去，被迫成为光棍(bachelor)。

男女比例失衡亦会引起就业性别挤压(increase the imbalance of genders in the workplace)，男性劳动力过剩(surplus male labor)会增强劳动力就业市场的竞争(intensify the competition in the labor job market)，加大女性就业难度(increase the difficulty for women to get a job)。男性人口过剩(large surplus male population)还容易滋生各种社会犯罪现象，可能会给社会稳定造成威胁(pose a threat to social stability)。

[相关词汇]

适婚年龄 marriageable age

人口出生率 fertility rate

中老年未婚女子 spinster

剩男 leftover men