Audio news: Autism linked to allergies

>France claims World Cup
俄罗斯世界杯落下帷幕
法国击败克罗地亚夺冠
France won the 2018 World Cup after defeating Croatia 4-2 in the final played in the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow on Sunday thanks to an own goal from Mario Mandzukic, a penalty from Antoine Griezmann and second half strikes from Paul Pogba and Kylian Mbappe, while Ivan Perisic and Mandzukic scored for the Croatians. This is France's second World Cup title and its first since it hosted the 1998 tournament 20 years ago.
15日，2018年俄罗斯世界杯决赛在莫斯科卢日尼基体育场打响，最终法国队4比2战胜克罗地亚队夺冠。法国队的四粒进球分别来自曼朱基奇的自摆乌龙、格列兹曼罚中的点球、以及下半场博格巴和姆巴佩的先后进球。克罗地亚的两粒进球则分别来自佩里西奇和曼朱基奇。这是法国队第二次捧起大力神杯，此时距离他们上一次世界杯夺冠已过去了20年，1998年他们在法国本土举办的世界杯上夺魁。

>Technoference harms kids
家长手机上瘾影响孩子
Parents who have an addiction to their mobile phones may be to blame for their poorly behaved children, research claims. Almost 200 families were involved in a study of "technoference" - interruptions in face-to-face interactions because of technology devices. Technoference at meals can frustrate children, researchers claim, causing them to become hyperactive, whine, sulk or have a tantrum. Recent studies estimate parents use TV, computers, tablets and smartphones for nine hours per day on average. A third of this time is estimated to be spent on smartphones, often used during family activities such as meals, playtime and bedtime which experts said are all important times involved in shaping a child's social-emotional wellbeing.
研究称，孩子表现不好或许应归咎于对手机上瘾的家长。近200户家庭参与了"科技入侵"的研究，即因科技设备打断人们面对面交流的情况。研究人员称，吃饭时间的科技入侵会令孩子感到沮丧，导致他们活跃过度、发牢骚、生闷气或发脾气。近期有研究估计，家长平均每天有9个小时在看电视、玩电脑、平板电脑以及智能手机，其中1/3的时间被花在了智能手机上；家长通常会用吃饭、娱乐及睡觉等家庭活动时间玩手机。专家们称，上述活动在塑造孩子的社交及情感的幸福感方面都很重要。

>Autism linked to allergies
孤独症与食物过敏有关?
Autism really could be triggered by food allergies, according to new research. A study of almost 200,000 children found that those on the disorder's spectrum were over two and a half times more likely than others to suffer a food intolerance. The discovery adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting that a dysfunctioning immune system raises the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The University of Iowa study is one of few to look at food allergies, in addition to skin and respiratory reactions, bolstering the link between autism and allergies. Based on his new findings, Dr Wei Bao, the lead study author and an epidemiologist at the University of Iowa, said, "It is possible the immunologic disruptions may have processes beginning early in life, which then influence brain development and social functioning, leading to the development of ASD."
最新研究表明，食物过敏真的可能引发孤独症。一项对近20万名儿童进行的研究发现，那些被列入孤独症谱系的儿童，患有某种食物耐受不良症的可能性是其他儿童的两倍半。越来越多的证据表明免疫系统失调会增加患孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)的风险，此次发现又提供了新的证据。爱荷华大学的这项研究是为数不多的几项着眼于食物过敏，而非皮肤和呼吸道反应的研究之一，它强化了孤独症与过敏之间的联系。基于新的研究发现，论文第一作者、爱荷华大学流行病学家魏宝博士表示："免疫混乱很可能在生命初期就已开始，之后影响大脑发育和社交功能，进而导致了ASD。"

>Leisure time in China falls
国人休闲时间2.27小时
According to a newly released joint report by the National Academy of Economic Strategy and Tourism Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the average leisure time of Chinese people has decreased to 2.27 hours per day in 2017 from 2.55 hours three years ago. Chinese residents in four first-tier cities have the least daily leisure time, with only 1.94 hours in Shenzhen, 2.04 hours in Guangzhou, 2.14 hours in Shanghai, and 2.25 hours in Beijing. These leisure times are nearly half those of the US, Germany and the UK, the report said. Leisure time has become a vital element affecting residents' satisfaction with the quality of life, even more important than income in recent years. Meanwhile there are still problems for the government to solve to help residents gain more time for leisure by reforming vocational and working systems, according to the report.
根据中国社会科学院财经战略研究院和中国社会科学院旅游研究中心最新发布的一份报告，2017年中国人每天平均休闲时间为2.27小时，较三年前的2.55小时有所减少。报告称，深圳、广州、上海、北京4个一线城市的居民每天的休闲时间最少，分别仅为1.94、2.04、2.14和2.25小时，约为美国、德国、英国国民休闲时间的一半。报告指出，休闲时间已成为影响居民幸福感的关键因子，近年来，生活质量甚至已变得比收入更重要了。与此同时，政府仍需通过改革放假和工作体制解决一些问题，帮助居民获得更多休闲时间。

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