每日新闻播报（August 7）

>Seniors realize fault less
研究:越老越难认识错误
A new study published in the latest issue of Neurobiology of Aging showed that the older people get, the less apt they may be to recognize that they've made an error. Researchers from the University of Iowa devised a simple, computerized test to gauge how readily young adults and older adults realize when they've made a mistake. The team recruited 38 younger adults (average age of 22) and 39 older adults (average age of 68) to take a series of tests that involved looking away from a circle appearing in a box on one side of a computer screen. After each failed instance, the participants were asked whether they had made an error. According to the study, younger participants were correct in acknowledging when they had erred 75% of the time. The older test-takers were correct 63% of the time when asked whether they had erred. That means in more than one-third of instances, the older participants didn't realize they had made a mistake. Also, older adults were more likely to be adamant that they did not make a mistake.
一项发表在最新一期《衰老神经生物学》上的新研究显示，年龄越大，人们可能越不容易认识到自己犯了错。爱荷华大学的研究人员设计了一个在计算机上进行的简单测试，以评估年轻人和老年人对自己犯了错的意识强弱。研究团队招募了38名年轻人(平均年龄22岁)和39名老年人(平均年龄68岁)进行一系列测试，其中包括不去看电脑屏幕一侧的方框里出现的圆圈。每次失败后，受试者会被问及他们是否犯了错。研究发现，75%的情况下年轻的参与者准确地意识到自己犯了错。当被问及是否犯了错时，年龄较大的受试者的回答在63%的情况下是正确的。这意味着在超过1/3的情况下，年龄较大的参与者没有意识到自己犯了错误。而且，老年人更可能坚持认为自己没有犯错。

>Med school in rigging scandal
东京医科大曝招生丑闻
篡改成绩限制女生录取
A Japanese medical university has systematically discriminated against female applicants because women tend to quit as doctors after starting families, media reports have alleged. The Yomiuri Shimbun newspaper said Tokyo Medical University had manipulated the entrance exam results of women since about 2011 to keep the female student population low. Other Japanese media, including NHK and Kyodo News, also reported claims of exam manipulation. Quoting unnamed sources, NHK said female applicants' scores were slashed by about 10% in some years. The school's public affairs department said officials were surprised by the Yomiuri Shimbun report and had no knowledge of the reported manipulation. It promised to look into the matter. Admissions records released to the Associated Press by the school show the percentage of women who passed the entrance exam rose from 24% in 2009 to 38% in 2010. The figure has since stayed below that level, falling to 18% this year.
近日，媒体曝出日本一家医科大学有计划地歧视女考生，理由是女性在成家后大多会放弃从医。《读卖新闻》报道称，大约从2011年开始，东京医科大学就一直篡改女生入学考试成绩来限制学医女生的数量。包括日本放送协会和共同社在内的其他日本媒体也对该校篡改考试成绩一事进行了报道。日本放送协会援引匿名的消息来源称，在某些年份女考生的成绩被扣减了约10%。该校的公共事务部称，部门官员都对《读卖新闻》的报道感到很吃惊，并表示对报道所说的篡改成绩并不知情。他们承诺将会调查此事。美联社从东京医科大学获得的录取记录显示，通过入学考试的女性比例从2009年的24%上升到2010年的38%。从那以后该数字就一直低于38%，今年更是下降到了18%。

>Bin Laden a 'good child'?
拉登母亲首次接受采访
称儿子在大学被人'洗脑'
The mother of al-Qaida leader Osama Bin Laden has spoken publicly about her son for the first time. Alia Ghanem told British newspaper the Guardian in an interview that her son had been a shy and "good child" growing up, but was "brainwashed" at university. The family say they last saw Bin Laden in 1999, two years before the 9/11 attacks, when he was in Afghanistan. By that time he was considered a major global terror suspect. "We were extremely upset. I did not want any of this to happen. Why would he throw it all away like that?" Ghanem told the newspaper, when asked how she felt after learning her son had become a jihadist militant.
基地组织头目奥萨马•本•拉登的母亲艾丽娅•加尼姆近日首次公开谈论她的儿子。加尼姆在接受英国报刊《卫报》采访时表示，儿子在成长过程中一直是个羞涩的"好孩子"，但在大学里被人"洗脑"了。拉登的家人称，他们最后一次见到他是在1999年，即9•11袭击事件发生的两年前，当时他在阿富汗。那时候拉登已被认为是全球重大恐怖嫌疑人。当被问及得知儿子成为圣战激进分子的感受时，加尼姆向《卫报》表示："我们非常难过，我根本不希望发生这种事，为什么他会那样地抛弃一切？"

>Factory gives workers choice
日企无工作时间效率高
Workers at a Japanese shrimp factory don't have to do any work – unless they feel like it. The Papua New Guinea Seafood processing plant in Osaka made huge cuts to its workforce in a bid to improve efficiency five years ago. But instead of letting any employees go, they instead got rid of the concept of a schedule. Now, staff come and go as they please – all they have to do is let managers know how many hours they worked by writing it on a board before leaving. They can even take a day off when they choose without calling in. Some may think allowing staff to manage their own hours would lead to productivity plummeting or a regular shortage of staff. But reports say productivity is up and management costs are down by almost a third. Over the course of five years, there was only one day when every single employee had taken the day off.
日本一家虾厂的工人什么工作都不用做，除非他们自己想去做。五年前，为提高工作效率，日本大阪的这家巴布亚新几内亚海鲜食品加工厂大幅削减了劳动力。但他们并没有解雇任何员工，而是取消了工作时间表的概念。如今，员工凭个人意愿来去自由，他们只需在下班前在一块登记板上写下自己工作几小时，以便让经理知道。他们甚至无需打电话即可在想休假时候休一天假。也许有人认为，让员工自行掌握工作时间会导致生产效率大幅下降或时常人手不足。但报道称，虾厂的生产效率却提高了，管理成本也下降了近1/3。在这五年里，只有一天所有员工都休假了。

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