延迟退休改革如何推进？听听专家怎么说

近日公布的“十四五”规划和2035年远景目标纲要明确提出了逐步延迟法定退休年龄的几个原则。

According to the Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035, China will take small steps to raise the retirement age. It will also implement its flexibility, tailor policies for different groups, consider all factors, and make overall plans.
《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和2035年远景目标纲要》（下称纲要）提出，我国将按照“小步调整、弹性实施、分类推进、统筹兼顾”等原则，逐步延迟法定退休年龄。

【单词讲解】

第一眼看到tailor这个词，很多人可能会想到“裁缝”这个对应的中文意思，在实际应用中，tailor也可以用作动词，引申为“（按照具体要求、情况）定制”的意思，比如：We tailor any of our products to your company's specific needs（我们可以根据贵公司的具体需求进行产品定制）；You have to tailor application letters for each job you apply for（你要为每个应聘的岗位准备不同的求职信）。其形容词形式tailored自然就表示“定制的”意思，比如：tailored plan for specific clients（为特定客户定制的方案）。

人社部中国劳动和社会保障科学研究院院长金维刚对上述原则进行解读：

小步调整：每年延迟几个月

Taking small steps means the country will raise the retirement age by a few months every year and finish the reform in several years.
小步调整就是每年延迟几个月，经过若干年过渡期完成改革。

People nearing retirement age will only have to delay retirement for several months, Jin said. He added that young people may have to work a few years longer but will have a long adaptation and transition period.
临近退休的人，只会延迟1个月或几个月，对年轻人来说，延长的退休年龄幅度会大一些，但未来有很长的过渡期和适应期。

弹性实施：个人会有自主选择提前退休的空间

The most important feature of the retirement age reform is allowing people to choose when to retire according to their circumstances and conditions, said Jin. This showcases the flexibility and inclusiveness of the reform, said Jin.
延迟退休改革最重要的特征就是允许个人根据自身情况和条件，选择退休的具体时间，充分体现改革的灵活性和包容性。

分类推进：不同群体、不同性别将保持退休年龄差异

In China currently, the retirement age for men is 60, while for women, it is 55 for white-collar workers and 50 for blue-collar employees. These differences will stay in place to ensure policy continuity, said Jin.
我国现行法定退休年龄男职工60周岁、女干部55周岁、女工人50周岁，这些政策差异，改革后也会保持政策延续性。

【词汇讲解】

短语stay in place表示“保持原位，没有变动”，比如：the curfew from 6pm to 5am will stay in place for another two weeks（晚6点到早5点的宵禁还要持续两周）。

统筹兼顾：配套政策和保障措施需协同推进

Jin said retirement age reform requires overall planning and coordination as it involves many supporting policies and measures.
延迟退休改革相关的配套政策和保障措施非常多，需要统筹谋划、协同推进。

The reform also faces challenges such as promoting employment and entrepreneurship of older workers through more targeted means, and offering more social security subsidies to those who have difficulty finding jobs and helping them get reemployed, said Jin.
如何通过更有针对性的措施促进大龄劳动者就业创业？如何更大力度对就业困难人员、特别是灵活就业人员给予社保补贴，帮助其再就业？这些都是延迟退休改革面临的挑战。

【相关词汇】

覆盖全民的社会保障体系
the social security system covering the entire population

共同富裕
common prosperity

就业优先政策
employment-first policy

人口老龄化
population aging

参考来源：新华网

（中国日报网英语点津 Helen）