新中国首个教育督导问责文件正式实施

日前，国务院教育督导委员会印发《教育督导问责办法》，自9月1日起正式施行。

This is China's first guideline on education inspection and accountability which aims to ensure the country's educational laws, regulations, guidelines and policies can be properly implemented at the grassroots.
这是我国首个教育督导问责指导意见，旨在确保我国的教育法规、指导意见和政策在基层能够妥善执行。

【词汇讲解】

这里的accountability就是“问责”，也可以理解为“责任制”，《剑桥英语词典》的解释为“a situation in which someone is responsible for things that happen and can give a satisfactory reason for them”（有人能为发生的事情负责并给出一个令人满意的解释），这个词来源于accountable，常见的搭配是hold someone accountable（让某人承担责任），比如：He knew he would be held accountable for any flaws in the programming.（他知道自己要为程序中出现的所有失误负责）。

问谁的责？

Local governments, related departments, schools and other educational institutions, as well as related staff members, shall be held accountable for activities that hamper the development of education, it said.
办法明确，地方政府及有关职能部门、各类学校和其他教育机构以及有关工作人员如存在阻碍教育发展的问题，按规定进行问责。

问什么责？

The guideline categorizes those activities into six types: lack of resolve and commitment in implementing national education policies, poor fulfillment of educational responsibilities, delay in completion of education tasks, irregularities in running educational institutions, major decreases in education quality and multiple safety concerns or opposition to education inspection.
办法明确的问责内容主要包括六类情形：一是贯彻落实国家教育政策不坚决不彻底。二是履行教育职责不到位。三是教育攻坚任务完成严重滞后。四是办学行为不规范。五是教育教学质量下降。六是安全问题较多或拒不接受教育督导。

怎么问责？

Higher-level government inspection offices can hold lower-level governments and public schools accountable through public criticism, having talks and administrative punishment.
上级政府督导办公室针对下级政府及公办学校，主要采取公开批评、约谈、行政处罚等问责方式。

The main administrators of lower governments and public schools can be held accountable through having talks, name and shame, administrative punishment, or being handed over to law enforcement authorities and supervisory commissions, it said.
针对下级政府及公办学校的责任人，主要采取约谈、通报批评、组织处理、移交监察机关或司法机关等问责方式。

In addition to those punishments, private schools and tutoring institutions can be fined, ordered to stop student enrollment, and have their operating permits and business licenses revoked.
此外，针对民办学校和教育培训机构责任人，还可采取依法罚没违法所得、责令停止招生，以及吊销从业许可证等问责方式。

2020年督导任务主要关注“义务教育教师平均工资收入不低于当地公务员”目标。

China has ensured that the salaries of public primary and middle school teachers are not lower than those of local government officials in the same region, the Ministry of Education said on Wednesday.
教育部9月1日表示，全国已落实“义务教育教师平均工资收入水平不低于当地公务员平均工资收入水平”目标。

国务院教育督导委员会办公室主任、教育部教育督导局局长田祖荫介绍，

All local governments are working on establishing a mechanism for adjusting the salaries of teachers in primary and middle schools in line with those of government officials.
各地政府正在建立义务教育教师工资收入随当地公务员待遇调整的联动机制。

【相关词汇】

“双减” （减轻义务教育阶段学生作业负担和校外培训负担）
ease the burden of excessive homework and off-campus tutoring for students undergoing compulsory education

高质量教育体系
high-quality education system

教育公平
education equality

义务教育质量评价
evaluation of compulsory education quality

为党育人、为国育才
cultivate talent for the Party and the State

参考来源：中国日报、新华网

（中国日报网英语点津 Helen）