每日新闻播报（November 22）

>Tesla boss sells $5b in shares
马斯克卖掉10%特斯拉股票

Tesla Chief Executive Elon Musk has sold around $5 billion in shares in the electric carmaker.
特斯拉总裁埃隆•马斯克已卖出他在特斯拉电动汽车公司价值约50亿美元(约合人民币320亿元)的股票。

It comes days after he asked his 63 million Twitter followers whether he should sell 10% of his stake in Tesla.
数日前他曾向6300万推特粉丝发问，是否应该卖掉他在特斯拉10%的股票。

The poll attracted more than 3.5 million votes, with nearly 58% voting in favor of the share sale.
这次投票吸引了逾350万人参加，近58%投票支持马斯克卖掉股票。

His move also comes as US Democrats have proposed a so-called "billionaires tax", which could have the richest taxed on "unrealized gains" even if they do not sell any of their stock.
此前，美国民主党提出了所谓的"亿万富翁所得税"，要求对富豪的"未实现收益"征税，即使他们没有卖掉任何股票，也要征税。

It was Musk's first sale of shares since 2016, when he last exercised stock options.
这是马斯克自2016年(上一次行使股票期权之时)以来第一次出售股票。

At the time he also sold some of the shares to cover an income tax bill of close to $600 million.
当时他为了缴纳近6亿美元的所得税款卖掉了一部分股票。

Tesla is the world's most valuable carmaker, with a stock market valuation of more than $1 trillion.
特斯拉是全世界最有价值的汽车制造商，市场估值超过1万亿美元。

>Bosses banned from texting staff after-hours
葡立法禁止老板下班联系员工

Portugal has banned bosses from text messaging and emailing staff outside of working hours as part of new laws dubbed "right to rest".
葡萄牙近日立法强调员工"休息权"，禁止老板在非工作时间给员工发短信和电子邮件。

Companies with more than 10 on staff could face fines if they contact employees outside their contracted hours.
如果老板在合同规定的工作时间之外联系员工，将面临罚款。但公司员工在10人以下的小微企业不属于该法管辖范围。

A document proposing the new labor laws explained that workers should have the right to at least 11 consecutive hours of “night rest,” during which they should not be interrupted unless for emergencies.
一份提出这项新劳动法的文件解释说，员工每天应享有至少11个小时的"连续夜间休息时间"。在此期间，工作单位与上级非紧急情况不得与员工进行联系。

There are also new rules on allowing staff with children to work remotely. Parents will be allowed to work at home indefinitely without seeking prior approval from their employers until their child turns 8.
此外，新法还规定，有子女的员工可以无限期居家办公，且无须事先得到雇主批准，直到孩子8岁。

And companies may also have to contribute to higher household bills from being home-based, such as energy and internet costs.
公司应承担员工因居家办公所产生的额外费用，如电费和网费等。

Data has shown that people have been working longer hours while at home during the coronavirus pandemic.
数据显示，在新冠疫情期间，人们居家办公时的工作时间更长。

>Few willing to change lifestyle to save the planet
多数人不愿为环保改变生活

Citizens are alarmed by the climate crisis, but most believe they are already doing more to preserve the planet than anyone else, including their government, and few are willing to make significant lifestyle changes, an international survey has found.
一项跨国调查发现，民众对气候危机感到担忧，但是多数人认为他们为保护地球所做的贡献已经比包括本国政府在内的其他人都要多，而且愿意为了环保在生活方式上做出重大改变的人也寥寥无几。

About 36% rated themselves “highly committed” to preserving the planet, while only 21% felt the same was true of the media and 19%, of local government.
约36%的受访者自称对保护地球"做出很大努力"，而认为媒体和本地政府做到这一点的人分别只有21%和19%。

A mere 18% felt their local community was equally committed, with national governments (17%) and big corporations (13%) seen as even less engaged.
仅18%的受访者认为本地社区也在同样努力地保护地球，国家政府和大公司得到的评价更低，分别只有17%和13%的人认为这两者在努力保护地球。

Only 51% said they would definitely take individual climate action, with 14% saying they would definitely not, and 35% torn.
只有51%的受访者表示自己肯定会采取行动应对气候问题，14%的人表示肯定不会，还有35%的人摇摆不定。

>Russia unveils exhaust fume perfume
俄推出战斗机气味香水

Russia has unveiled what could be the world’s most macho scent, complete with notes of metal, leather and exhaust fumes from its cutting-edge stealth fighter jet.
俄罗斯近日推出的一款香水拥有俄罗斯先进隐形战机的金属、皮革和尾气的味道，这可能是全世界最具阳刚之气的香水。

The country’s perfume guild dedicated its latest scent to the fifth-generation Sukhoi fighter dubbed “The Checkmate,” according to Russia’s industrial conglomerate Rostec.
俄罗斯国家技术集团宣称，俄罗斯化妆品制造商协会将这款新香水敬献给绰号为"将军"的第五代苏霍伊战机。

Russia announced construction of the AI-powered multi-target jet’s prototype over the weekend.
上周末，俄罗斯宣布已成功研制出这架以人工智能为动力、可同时攻击多目标的战斗机样机。

The Russian alchemists took “original samples of the aircraft’s metal alloy, glass and leather trim, and combined it with light shades of juniper, patchouli and oak moss,” the state-run RIA Novosti news agency quoted Rostec as saying.
俄罗斯新闻社援引俄罗斯国家技术集团的话称，俄罗斯调香师采用了"战斗机的金属合金、玻璃和皮革配件的原始样品，并融入了杜松、广藿香和橡苔淡淡的味道"。

The black 50ml perfume bottle is shaped like a knight chess piece and comes in a chessboard-style box — all in reference to the jet’s nickname.
50毫升装的黑色香水瓶采用了象棋马的形状，包装盒也是棋盘样式的，与苏霍伊战机的绰号相呼应。

So far, only visitors to the Dubai Airshow 2021 have experienced the limited edition new aroma.
迄今为止，只有参观过2021年迪拜航展的人有机会体验一把这款限量版新香水。

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