每日一词∣洪水防御应急响应级别 flood response level

水利部发布汛情通报，8月6日将针对内蒙古、吉林、黑龙江的洪水防御应急响应提升至Ⅲ级。

China's Ministry of Water Resources on Sunday updated the flood response level in north China's Inner Mongolia and northeast China's Jilin and Heilongjiang.The emergency response was raised to Level III.

【知识点】

受8月2日以来强降雨影响，松花江干流右岸支流拉林河、牡丹江上游相继出现超警以上洪水。预计拉林河、牡丹江下游干流将相继发生超保洪水，其中拉林河下游干流控制站蔡家沟水文站可能于8日前后出现6300立方米每秒左右的洪峰流量，洪峰水位可能超过保证水位2.10米左右；牡丹江下游干流控制站长江屯水文站可能于7日前后出现7500立方米每秒左右的洪峰流量，洪峰水位可能超过保证水位0.80米左右。

水利部根据《水利部水旱灾害防御应急响应工作规程》，决定8月6日10时将针对内蒙古、吉林、黑龙江的洪水防御应急响应提升至Ⅲ级，要求有关省区密切监视天气变化，滚动开展雨水情预测预报，强化会商研判，科学实施水工程防洪调度，充分运用水库拦洪削峰错峰，加强堤防巡查抢护，抓好水库安全度汛、中小河流洪水和山洪灾害防御，确保人民群众生命财产安全。

根据《水利部水旱灾害防御应急响应工作规程》，依据预报可能发生或已经发生的水旱灾害性质、严重程度、可控性和发展程度、发展趋势、影响范围等因素，水利部水旱灾害防御应急响应分洪水防御、干旱防御两种类型，启动和终止时针对具体流域和区域，级别分别从低到高分为四级：Ⅳ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅱ级和Ⅰ级。特殊情况下，可根据雨情、水情、汛情、旱情、工情、险情及次生灾害危害程度等综合研判，适当调整应急响应级别。水利部启动洪水、干旱防御应急响应时，相关流域管理机构和地方水行政主管部门应及时启动相应等级应急响应，共同做好防御工作。

【重要讲话】

当前正值“七下八上”防汛关键期，各地区和有关部门务必高度重视、压实责任，强化监测预报预警，加强巡查值守，紧盯防汛重点部位，落实落细各项防汛措施，全力保障人民群众生命财产安全和社会大局稳定。

Relevant authorities must strengthen early warning and monitoring systems for floods, focus on crucial flood prevention locations, and fully implement flood prevention measures during the key period from late July to early August.The safety of the people's lives and properties as well as social stability must be ensured with utmost efforts.

——8月1日，习近平对防汛救灾工作作出重要指示

8月仍是北方地区防汛关键期。各级党委和政府要坚持人民至上、生命至上，加强汛情监测，及时排查风险隐患，抓细抓实各项防汛救灾措施，妥善安置受灾群众，确保人民群众生命安全。要做好灾后恢复重建规划，帮助受灾群众尽早恢复正常生产生活。要健全体制机制，完善应对预案，加强对极端天气的预警和防范，提高洪涝地质灾害防御和应急抢险救援能力。

August remains a key month for the North to prevent floods. Party committees and governments at all levels must continue putting people and their lives above anything else. They should enhance flood monitoring, ferret out and address risks and vulnerabilities in a timely manner, and make detailed and tangible efforts in carrying out flood control and disaster relief measures. And they should make appropriate arrangements for those affected to ensure their safety. It is important to devise proper plans for post-disaster recovery and reconstruction to help people restore their production and lives at an early date. It is also important to improve current mechanisms and institutions, better response plans, strengthen early warning and prevention of extreme weather conditions, and boost the capabilities of preventing and fending off floods and geological disasters, as well as capabilities for emergency rescue and disaster relief.

——2022年8月16日，习近平在辽宁考察时强调

【相关词汇】

防汛救灾 flood prevention and disaster relief

极端天气 extreme weather conditions

洪峰流量 peak flood discharges

中国日报网英语点津工作室