2019年中央一号文件提出坚持农业农村优先发展总方针

2月19日，新华社受权发布《中共中央 国务院关于坚持农业农村优先发展做好“三农”工作的若干意见》。

这份2019年的中央一号文件开宗明义指出，

今明两年是全面建成小康社会的决胜期，“三农”领域有不少必须完成的硬任务。
This year and the next will mark a decisive period for completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and quite a few tough tasks must be fulfilled in the fields relating to agriculture, rural areas and rural people.

必须坚持把解决好“三农”问题作为全党工作重中之重不动摇。
Unswerving efforts must be made to ensure that addressing the issues relating to agriculture, rural areas and rural people enjoy a central place on the work agenda of the CPC.

中央一号文件（No. 1 central document）指中共中央每年发布的第一份文件（the first policy statement released by central authorities each year）。中共中央在2004年至2019年连续十六年发布以“三农”（农业、农村、农民）为主题的中央一号文件，强调了“三农”问题（issues relating to agriculture, rural areas and farmers）在中国社会主义现代化时期“重中之重”的地位。

2019年中央一号文件要点如下：

巩固发展农业农村好形势，发挥“三农”压舱石作用，为有效应对各种风险挑战赢得主动。
The country should consolidate the sound momentum for agricultural and rural development, capitalize on the role of agriculture, rural areas and rural people as the ballast stone, and win the upper hand in effectively handling risks and challenges.

深化农业供给侧结构性改革，坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战，充分发挥农村基层党组织战斗堡垒作用，全面推进乡村振兴，确保顺利完成到2020年承诺的农村改革发展目标任务。
Work must be done to deepen agricultural supply-side structural reform, win the tough battle against poverty, give full play to the key role of rural primary-level Party organizations, and push forward rural vitalization in all respects, according to the document.In doing so, the country will ensure the fulfillment of goals and tasks for rural reform and development by 2020, it added.

咬定既定脱贫目标，落实已有政策部署，到2020年确保现行标准下农村贫困人口实现脱贫、贫困县全部摘帽、解决区域性整体贫困。
Existent policies will be fully implemented to ensure the country's poverty elimination targets being realized - to lift all its rural residents living below current poverty line out of poverty and eliminate poverty in all poor counties and regions by 2020.

特色产业扶贫、易地扶贫搬迁、生态扶贫、金融扶贫、社会帮扶、干部人才等政策措施向深度贫困地区倾斜。
Focus will be put on providing assistance to areas of extreme poverty, via favorable policies ranging from major projects, poor resident relocation, finance and nurturing of talent.

着力解决突出问题。持续开展扶贫领域腐败和作风问题专项治理。
The country vowed to solve prominent problems involving poverty reduction, and pledged consistent efforts to crack down on corruption and misconduct, according to the document.

保障重要农产品有效供给。确保粮食播种面积稳定在16.5亿亩，严守18亿亩耕地红线，到2020年确保建成8亿亩高标准农田。
The document noted that the country will strive to ensure effective supply of major agricultural products. Efforts will be made to ensure that grain planting area remains steady at 1.65 billion mu (110 million hectares) and arable land area is kept above 1.8 billion mu, as well as develop 800 million mu of high-standard farmland by 2020.

调整优化农业结构。大力发展紧缺和绿色优质农产品生产，实施大豆振兴计划，实施奶业振兴行动。
It said the country will move to optimize agricultural structure, boost production of green agricultural products or those in short supply, and roll out plans to increase soybean planting and support dairy industry.

实施农业关键核心技术攻关行动，推动生物种业、重型农机、智慧农业、绿色投入品等领域自主创新。
The country vowed to step up breakthrough in key agricultural core technologies, and promote independent innovation in areas including biological breeding, heavy agricultural machinery, smart agriculture and green agricultural inputs.

加强“一带一路”农业国际合作，主动扩大国内紧缺农产品进口，拓展多元化进口渠道，培育一批跨国农业企业集团。
The document also noted the country will enhance agricultural cooperation with countries along the Belt and Road, actively expand imports of agricultural products in short supply at home, diversify importing channels, and foster the development of multinational agricultural corporations.

扎实推进乡村建设，加快补齐农村人居环境和公共服务短板，全面提升农村教育、医疗卫生、社会保障、养老、文化体育等公共服务水平。
Progress should be made to promote rural development as well as improve rural living environments and public services such as education, health care, social security, elderly care and culture.

实施村庄基础设施建设工程。加强村内道路建设。加快完成新一轮农村电网改造。完善县乡村物流基础设施网络。加强农村污染治理和生态环境保护。
The country will take measures to improve rural infrastructure including roads, grids and logistics network, as well as enhance pollution treatment and environmental protection.

发展壮大乡村产业，拓宽农民增收渠道。
According to the document, the country will foster the development of rural industries and diversify channels to increase the income of farmers.

加快发展乡村特色产业。大力发展现代农产品加工业。发展乡村新型服务业。实施数字乡村战略。
It stressed developing industries with local characteristics, modern agricultural product processing and new rural services. The country will also push forward a digital countryside strategy.

加强就业服务和职业技能培训，促进农村劳动力多渠道转移就业和增收。
The country should improve employment services and vocational training to promote the employment of the rural labor force and increase their incomes, the document said.

鼓励外出农民工、高校毕业生、退伍军人、城市各类人才返乡下乡创新创业，支持建立多种形式的创业支撑服务平台，完善乡村创新创业支持服务体系。
China will encourage rural migrant workers, college graduates, veterans and urban personnel to make innovations and start businesses in rural areas, and support the building of service platforms to encourage business startups.

加快构建新型农业补贴政策体系。按照适应世贸组织规则、保护农民利益、支持农业发展的原则，抓紧研究制定完善农业支持保护政策的意见。
Efforts will be stepped up to build a new policy system for agricultural subsidies, according to the document, which said the country would formulate and improve agriculture support and protection policies following principles that comply with World Trade Organization rules, protect farmers' interests and support agricultural development.

完善乡村治理机制，保持农村社会和谐稳定。抓实建强农村基层党组织，加强党对“三农”工作的领导。
The document also covered policies to improve the rural governance mechanism to maintain rural harmony and stability, strengthen rural primary-level Party organizations, and enhance Party leadership on agricultural and rural affairs.