换脸软件刷屏！但是用户的个人信息安全吗？

近日，一款名为ZAO的换脸软件在社交媒体刷屏。用户上传自己的照片，就能将影视作品中明星的脸换成自己的脸，过一把“明星瘾”。

On the app, users can choose from a pool of video footage and replace a star's face with their own by uploading their own high-definition photos featuring a full-frontal shot of their faces.
在该应用中，用户可以从大量视频片段中选择一个，上传自己的高清正面照来替换视频中明星的脸。

The mobile application that enables users to appear as celebrities in hit movies or TV series has been widely accused of excessively collecting personal information, stirring public concerns over privacy and the rights to one's image.
这款影视剧明星换脸软件因过度收集个人信息而受到广泛指责，同时也引发公众对于隐私及个人肖像权的担忧。

有网友发现，这款app的用户协议中有一些相当霸道的条款：

The agreement said "before you upload or post any content, you agree to grant ZAO, its affiliates and ZAO users worldwide the right to sublicense and reauthorize and the right to irrevocably use your content for free and for good."
该用户协议提到“在您上传及/或发布用户内容之前，您同意或者确保实际权利人同意授予‘ZAO’及其关联公司以及‘ZAO’用户全球范围内完全免费、不可撤销、永久、可转授权和可再许可的权力”。

有网友担心，同意这样的授权以后，个人信息会被不法分子利用。

"The clauses require the users to fully authorize the image right to the platform … You can't control what they are going to do with your portrait," a Weibo user named Tone2 said.
微博网友Tone2说：“这个条款要求用户完全把自己的肖像权授予该平台。他们怎么用你的肖像，你根本无法控制。”

"When you grant authorization to ZAO, all the rights of your face are no longer yours," another user named stoneyzombie commented.
另一位用户stonezombie说：“你授权给ZAO以后，跟你的脸有关的所有权利就都不是你的了。”

As users need to log in with a personal phone number, some fear that once the phone number and facial images are disclosed, "criminals can directly talk to your family by using some technical synthesis," an unidentified Weibo user said.
用户使用该应用时需要用手机号登录，有些用户担心一旦手机号和面部图像信息泄露，一位微博网友表示，“不法分子可以直接用技术合成手段跟你的家人通话了。”

ZAO刷屏后，鉴于很多网友担心人脸支付被破解。支付宝也及时做出回应：

There are many face-swapping applications and none have been able to pass the security check on Alipay no matter how lifelike the synthesized portraits look.
目前，网上各类换脸软件有很多，但不管换的有多逼真，都是无法突破刷脸支付的。

8月31日下午，ZAO修改了其用户协议内容。在用户协议的开头部分增加了“特别提示”，疑似回应网络争议。

The app modified its user agreement, adding a special notice in the front that states content will not be used for other purposes and can be removed from the server.
该应用修改了用户协议，在开头部分增加了“特别提示”，表明用户上传的内容不会被用于其他用户，并可以从服务器上删除。

9月1日，变脸应用“ZAO”微信分享链接已停止访问，页面显示“网页存在安全风险，被多人投诉，为维护绿色上网环境，已停止访问”。

微博账号“ZAO官方助手”也在9月1日下午发微博回应用户对隐私泄露的担忧：

We fully understand your concerns about privacy issues. We have received the questions you have raised and will correct the parts that were not well-considered. It will take some time.
我们十分理解大家对隐私问题的担忧。你们提的问题都已收到，考虑不周的地方我们会去改，需要一点时间。 ​​​​

【相关词汇】

换脸软件 face-swapping application

安全风险 security hazards

面部识别 facial recognition

刷脸支付 face-scanning payment system

参考来源：中新网

（中国日报网英语点津 马文英）