国务院：六大举措规范完善失信约束制度

日前召开的国务院常务会议，确定完善失信约束制度（the mechanism for deterring acts of bad faith）、健全社会信用体系（the social credit system）的措施，为发展社会主义市场经济提供支撑。

会议明确了六方面措施：

Administrative departments must determine acts of bad faith on the basis of legally binding documents.
行政机关将特定行为纳入公共信用信息，必须严格以法律、法规等为依据。

The scope and procedures for sharing credit information will be standardized. The principle of legality and necessity will be observed when deciding whether and to what extent credit information is shared and disclosed.
规范信用信息共享公开范围和程序。信用信息是否及在何种范围共享和公开要坚持合法、必要原则。

【单词讲解】

Credit这个词用法很多，在学校里多用来表示“学分”，比如：He enrolled in a documentary course worth 20 credits（他修了一门纪录片的课程，有20个学分）；此外，credit还可以用来表示银行账户的“余额”或“信用、信誉”，比如：Jacob found out his bank account was out of credit.（Jacob 银行卡里没有余额了），银行通常在给人贷款之前会进行 “credit check 信用审查”，并给申请者一个 “信用评分 credit score 或 credit rating”；另外，credit还有一个常用意思就是 “赞扬、认可、功劳、荣誉”，比如：You should take all the credits for this accomplishment（这个成就应该完全归功于你）。

The identification of lists of entities that have carried out serious acts of bad faith will be better regulated. The list will be limited to those who put public health and safety in grave jeopardy, seriously sabotage fair market competition order or disrupt normal social order. The list will not be willfully expanded without authorization.
规范严重失信主体名单认定标准，按照有关规定严格限定为严重危害群众身体健康和生命安全、严重破坏市场公平竞争秩序和社会正常秩序等方面的责任主体，不得擅自增加或扩展。具体认定要严格履行程序。

Punishment against bad-faith acts will be enforced in accordance with laws and regulations, to make sure that penalties are meted out commensurate with dishonest behaviors.
依法依规开展失信惩戒，确保过惩相当。

【单词讲解】

这里的commensurate是形容词，表示“（在大小、重要性、质量等方面）相称的”，通常与with连用，比如：a salary that is commensurate with skills and experience（与技能经验相匹配的薪水）。

A credit repair mechanism will be established. Entities will be allowed to fix negative credit records, unless otherwise stipulated by laws and regulations, should they correct dishonest behaviors and eliminate their adverse impact.
建立有利于自我纠错的信用修复机制。除法律法规等另有规定外，失信主体按要求纠正失信行为、消除不良影响的均可申请信用修复。

The meeting underlined the need to strengthen information security and privacy protection. Illegal collection and transaction of credit information will be strictly cracked down on.
加强信息安全和隐私保护。严厉打击非法收集、买卖信用信息违法行为。

【相关词汇】

个人信息 personal information

社会信用体系 social credit system

失信行为 dishonest conduct

失信黑名单制度 blacklisting system for dishonesty

市场性惩戒 market-oriented punishment

实名制 real-name system

个人信用信息 personal credit information

个人信用数据库 personal credit database

参考来源：新华网

（中国日报网英语点津 Helen）