防范化解各领域重大风险，习近平有明确要求

1月21日，习近平总书记在省部级主要领导干部坚持底线思维着力防范化解重大风险专题研讨班开班式上发表重要讲话。他指出，当前，我国形势总体上是好的，党中央领导坚强有力，全党“四个意识”、“四个自信”、“两个维护”显著增强，意识形态领域态势积极健康向上，经济保持着稳中求进的态势，全国各族人民同心同德、斗志昂扬，社会大局保持稳定。

In his speech, Xi analyzed and raised specific requirements on the prevention and defusion of major risks in areas including politics, ideology, economy, science and technology, society, the external environment and Party building.
习近平在讲话中就防范化解政治、意识形态、经济、科技、社会、外部环境、党的建设等领域重大风险作出深刻分析、提出明确要求。

政治、意识形态领域

Xi urged Party committees and governments at all levels to pursue a holistic approach to national security and follow the requirements of the CPC Central Committee to ensure China's political security.
各级党委和政府要坚决贯彻总体国家安全观，落实党中央关于维护政治安全的各项要求，确保我国政治安全。

He called for continuous efforts to strengthen the influence of the mainstream tone in public communication and guidance on public opinion, and accelerate the establishment of a system for integrated internet management to promote a law-based cyberspace.
要持续巩固壮大主流舆论强势，加大舆论引导力度，加快建立网络综合治理体系，推进依法治网。

Priority should be given to strengthening the ideological and political education among the young, building up their full confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics so as to nurture a generation of capable young people who are well-prepared to join the socialist cause, Xi said.
要高度重视对青年一代的思想政治工作，增强中国特色社会主义道路、理论、制度、文化自信，确保青年一代成为社会主义建设者和接班人。

经济领域

China's economy is generally in good shape while facing profound and complicated international and domestic changes, Xi said, adding that it is inevitable to come across challenges in pushing ahead with supply-side structural reform.
当前我国经济形势总体是好的，但经济发展面临的国际环境和国内条件都在发生深刻而复杂的变化，推进供给侧结构性改革过程中不可避免会遇到一些困难和挑战。

Noting the new and worrisome developments amid generally steady economic operation, Xi called for maintaining strategic resolve by advancing growth in the right direction while being ever ready to determine and deal with potential major economic risks.
经济运行稳中有变、变中有忧，我们既要保持战略定力，推动我国经济发展沿着正确方向前进；又要增强忧患意识，未雨绸缪，精准研判、妥善应对经济领域可能出现的重大风险。

Efforts should be made to balance stabilizing growth and guarding against risks, Xi stressed.
各地区各部门要平衡好稳增长和防风险的关系。

It is necessary to introduce a long-term mechanism to maintain the sound development of the real estate market in a steady manner, he said.
要稳妥实施房地产市场平稳健康发展长效机制方案。

Market sentiment analysis should be strengthened, evaluations should be made for impact of new policies on the financial markets, public expectations should be better guided, and market monitoring and regulation coordination should be enhanced to address risks timely, he said.
要加强市场心理分析，做好政策出台对金融市场影响的评估，善于引导预期。要加强市场监测，加强监管协调，及时消除隐患。

Xi called for concrete measures to make financing for medium-sized, small and micro firms easier and affordable, and to stabilize and support employment.
要切实解决中小微企业融资难融资贵问题，加大援企稳岗力度。

Great efforts are needed to deal with challenges facing the disposal of "zombie enterprises" to speed up the clearing up and unleash untapped resources, he said.
要加大力度妥善处理“僵尸企业”处置中的问题，加快推动市场出清，释放大量沉淀资源。

Effective steps should be taken to stabilize employment, the financial market, foreign trade, foreign investment, domestic investment and expectations to keep economic growth within a reasonable range, Xi said.
各地区各部门要采取有效措施，做好稳就业、稳金融、稳外贸、稳外资、稳投资、稳预期工作，保持经济运行在合理区间。

科技领域

Xi stressed security in the field of science and technology, noting that the overall efficiency of the innovation system should be improved.
要加强科技领域安全建设，提高创新体系整体效能。

He called for efforts to build up the strengths of the system and mechanism for independent innovation, accelerate the establishment of national laboratories, restructure national key laboratory system and set up major innovation bases and platforms.
要建立自主创新的制度机制优势，抓紧布局国家实验室，重组国家重点实验室体系，建设重大创新基地和创新平台。

Xi also urged strengthening the organization of major scientific and technological missions concerning national security and the overall economic and social development.
要强化事关国家安全和经济社会发展全局的重大科技任务的统筹组织。

He noted that efforts should be made to accelerate establishing an early warning and monitoring system to ensure scientific and technological security, as well as to promote the legislation work concerning artificial intelligence, gene editing, medical diagnosis, autopilot, drones and service robots.
要加快科技安全预警监测体系建设，围绕人工智能、基因编辑、医疗诊断、自动驾驶、无人机、服务机器人等领域，加快推进相关立法工作。

社会领域

To maintain social stability, more efforts should be made in areas including employment, education, social security, medicine and health care, food security, workplace safety, public security and the macro-regulation of the housing market, to continuously enhance people's sense of fulfillment, happiness and security, Xi said.
要切实落实保安全、护稳定各项措施，全面做好就业、教育、社会保障、医药卫生、食品安全、安全生产、社会治安、住房市场调控等各方面工作，不断增加人民群众获得感、幸福感、安全感。

He called for strong and swift action in both protecting people's rights and busting illegal and criminal activities, and said that preventing and cracking down on crime should be coordinated with measures to reduce risks and maintain stability when dealing with economic cases involving large numbers of victims.
要坚持保障合法权益和打击违法犯罪两手都要硬、都要快。对涉众型经济案件受损群体，要坚持把防范打击犯罪同化解风险、维护稳定统筹起来。

"Battles against gang crimes must go on," Xi said, asking for the innovation and improvement of the crime prevention and control system to keep a strong deterrence against criminal acts.
要继续推进扫黑除恶专项斗争，要创新完善社会治安防控体系，保持对刑事犯罪的高压震慑态势。

He also called for an advance in the modernization of social governance, so the capability and quality to maintaining social stability at the roots could be enhanced.
要推进社会治理现代化，从源头上提升维护社会稳定能力和水平。

外部环境领域

Xi said it was imperative to reinforce the protection of the country's overseas interests and ensure the safety of major overseas projects, personnel and organizations.
要加强海外利益保护，确保海外重大项目和人员机构安全。

Calling for efforts to jointly build and improve a security guarantee system for the Belt and Road Initiative, Xi stressed the need to safeguard sovereignty, security and development interests, as well as to create a sound external environment for China's reform, development and stability.
要完善共建“一带一路”安全保障体系，坚决维护主权、安全、发展利益，为我国改革发展稳定营造良好外部环境。

党的建设领域

Hailing marked progress in exercising strict governance over the Party since the 18th CPC National Congress, Xi warned against the long-term and complex nature of the tests confronting the Party as they relate to long-term governance, reform and opening up, the market economy, and the external environment.
党的十八大以来，全面从严治党清除了党内存在的严重隐患，成效是显著的。党面临的长期执政考验、改革开放考验、市场经济考验、外部环境考验具有长期性和复杂性。

The Party must fully recognize the intensity and severity of the dangers of a lack of drive, incompetence, disengagement from the people, inaction, and corruption, he said.
党面临的精神懈怠危险、能力不足危险、脱离群众危险、消极腐败危险具有尖锐性和严峻性。

The whole Party must closely follow the Central Committee in terms of their thinking, political orientation and actions, Xi demanded.
全党要自觉在思想上政治上行动上同党中央保持高度一致。

"We have secured a sweeping victory in the fight against corruption since the 18th CPC National Congress, but the fight has not been thoroughly won," he said, noting that tough and prolonged steps must be taken in the anti-graft drive.
党的十八大以来，我们取得了反腐败斗争压倒性胜利，但反腐败斗争还没有取得彻底胜利，坚决打好反腐败斗争攻坚战、持久战。

对各级党委、政府和领导干部的要求

Xi stressed that preventing and resolving major risks is the political responsibility of Party committees, governments and leading officials at various levels.
防范化解重大风险，是各级党委、政府和领导干部的政治职责。

"It entails an energetic and tenacious spirit of struggle to guard against and defuse major risks," he said, urging leading officials to "dare to take on responsibilities and struggle."
防范化解重大风险，需要有充沛顽强的斗争精神。领导干部要敢于担当、敢于斗争。