四川启动I级防汛应急响应，三峡水利枢纽将迎建库以来最大洪峰

8月18日5时，四川启动I级防汛应急响应（activate the highest level of flood control response），这是有记录以来，四川首次启动该响应。

Continuous rainfall has caused 22 major rivers in Sichuan to exceed their flood warning levels. Swelling rivers have flooded some urban areas in the city of Ya'an and Leshan. Local authorities have evacuated more than 100,000 people affected by the disaster.
连续降雨已导致四川省境内22条主要河流超过警戒水位。泛滥的河水淹没了雅安和乐山市的城区，当地政府已撤离10万多受灾群众。

The Ya'an section of the Qingyi River was hit by a major flood rarely seen in a hundred years, while water levels in the entire Qingyi River basin, as well as the lower reaches of Dadu River and Minjiang River, are expected to exceed warning levels.
目前，青衣江雅安城区段已出现百年一遇洪水，预计整个青衣江流域将全面超过保证水位，大渡河下游、岷江下游也将出现全面超警超保洪水。

【知识点】

最近有关洪水的报道中，我们经常能看到“超警”、“超保”、“超限”等表述，其中的“警”代表“警戒水位”，“保”代表“保证水位”，“限”代表“汛限水位”。

警戒水位（warning level）是指河流、湖泊随着水位逐步升高，堤防可能发生险情并需要加强防守的水位（the water level where dykes need consolidation）。到达这一水位，要进行防汛动员，加大人力、物力投入，实行昼夜巡堤查险。

保证水位（flood-stage level），又称最高水位或危险水位，是指堤防设计水位或历史上防御过的最高洪水位（the highest floodwater level a dyke has ever withstood），也是汛期堤防及其附属工程能保证安全运行的上限洪水位。接近或到达这一水位，防汛进入全面紧急状态，堤防临水时间已长，堤身土体可能达到饱和状态，随时都有出险的可能。这时要密切巡查，全力以赴，确保堤防安全。

汛限水位（the upper limit of reservoir water level）是指汛期水库允许蓄水的上限水位，也是水库汛期防洪调度运用时的起调水位。

九寨沟景区临时关闭

The Jiuzhaigou National Park, also known as the Jiuzhai Valley, a UNESCO world heritage site famed for its spectacular waterfalls, lush forests, serene plateau lakes and karst rock formations in the mountainous areas of Sichuan, announced temporary closure due to safety concerns.
为安全起见，九寨沟景区临时关闭园区。九寨沟是联合国教科文组织世界遗产地，以壮观的瀑布、葱翠的森林、静谧的高原湖水以及四川山区卡斯特地貌闻名。

Incessant torrential rainfall has blocked roads to the scenic spot, with part of the area flooded by a river, according to the site's administration.
景区管理部门表示，持续强降雨导致通往景区的道路受阻，部分路段被泛滥的河水淹没。

洪水浸过乐山大佛佛脚平台

Floods also affected the Leshan Giant Buddha, another UNESCO world heritage site situated outside the city of Leshan. Flood water reached the toes of the Buddha statue for the first time since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949.
另一处联合国教科文组织世界遗产地乐山大佛也受到洪水影响，这是1949年新中国成立以来洪水首次浸过大佛脚趾。

On Monday night, local police and scenic-spot staff placed sandbags at the platform under the Buddha's feet, building a dam-like structure to protect the statue.
8月17日晚，当地民警和景区工作人员在大佛佛脚平台堆放了沙袋，组成堤坝保护大佛。

三峡水利枢纽将迎建库以来最大洪峰

This coming Thursday the Three Gorges reservoir in central China's Hubei province is expected to see the most severe round of floods since it started to hold water in 2003.
预计8月20日，位于湖北省的三峡水利枢纽将迎来2003年蓄水以来的最大洪峰。

According to a forecast by the Changjiang Water Resources Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, the inbound flow of water is expected to reach more than 74,000 cubic meters per second after continuous heavy rain battered the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.
根据长江水文局以及水利部的预报，受长江上游持续强降雨影响，三峡水利枢纽入库洪水峰值将达到74000立方米每秒。

The Yangtze River, China's longest waterway, recorded the fifth flood of the year in its upper reaches on Monday.
8月17日，“长江2020年第5号洪水”已在长江上游形成。

【相关词汇】

floods/floodwater/inundation 洪水

flash floods 山洪暴发

water level 水位

flood level 洪水水位

flood peak 洪峰

warning level 警戒水位

watercourses 河道/水道

water discharge 排水量

water volume 水量

water reservoirs 水库

discharge flood waters 分流洪水

flood prevention capability 防洪能力

参考来源：新华网

（中国日报网英语点津 Helen）