“十四五”规划和2035年远景目标重要概念汉英对照（二）

2021年初，第十三届全国人大四次会议审议通过了《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和2035年远景目标纲要》（以下简称《纲要》）。

中国外文局、中国翻译研究院组织各语种中外专家进行全文翻译，经研商审定，形成汉英、汉法、汉俄、汉日、汉西、汉德、汉阿、汉葡、汉韩等9个汉外对照文版。目前汉英、汉日对照版已发布，其他语种将陆续推出。现将《纲要》专栏内容形成汉英对照，供业界及相关人员参考使用。

（三）国家重大科技基础设施
Major national science and technology infrastructure

1. 战略导向型
Strategic orientation

建设空间环境地基监测网、高精度地基授时系统、大型低速风洞、海底科学观测网、空间环境地面模拟装置、聚变堆主机关键系统综合研究设施等。

Develop ground-based space environment monitoring network, high-precision ground-based timing system, large-scale low-speed wind tunnel, seabed scientific observation network, space environment simulation research infrastructure, and comprehensive research facility for fusion technology.

2. 应用支撑型
Application support

建设高能同步辐射光源、高效低碳燃气轮机试验装置、超重力离心模拟与试验装置、加速器驱动嬗变研究装置、未来网络试验设施等。
Develop high energy photon source, high-efficiency and low-carbon gas turbine research facility, high gravity centrifugal simulation and test facility, accelerator driven transmutation research facility, future network test facility, etc.

3. 前瞻引领型
Pioneering

建设硬X射线自由电子激光装置、高海拔宇宙线观测站、综合极端条件实验装置、极深地下极低辐射本底前沿物理实验设施、精密重力测量研究设施、强流重离子加速器装置等。
Develop hard x-ray free electron laser facility, large high altitude air shower observatory, synergetic extreme condition user facility, the deep underground and ultra-low radiation background facility for frontier physics experiments, precision gravity measurement facility, high intensity heavy-ion accelerator facility, etc.

4. 民生改善型
Improving people’s well-being

建设转化医学研究设施、多模态跨尺度生物医学成像设施、模式动物表型与遗传研究设施、地震科学实验场、地球系统数值模拟器等。

Develop translational medicine research facilities, multimodal and cross-scale biomedical imaging facilities, model animal phenotype and genetic research facilities, seismic experimental site, earth system science numerical simulator, etc.

（四）制造业核心竞争力提升
Enhancing core competitiveness of manufacturing industry

1. 高端新材料
High-end new materials

推动高端稀土功能材料、高品质特殊钢材、高性能合金、高温合金、高纯稀有金属材枓、高性能陶瓷、电子玻璃等先进金属和无机非金属材料取得突破，加强碳纤维、芳纶等高性能纤维及其复合材料、生物基和生物医用材料研发应用，加快茂金聚乙烯等高性能树脂和集成电路用光刻胶等电子高纯材料关键技术突破。

Promote high-end rare earth functional materials, high-quality special steel, and high-performance alloys. Make breakthroughs in advanced metal and inorganic non-metallic materials such as high-temperature alloys, high-purity rare metals, high-performance ceramics, and electronic glass, enhance the R&D and application of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, and other high-performance fibers and their composites, bio-based and biomedical materials, and expedite key technological breakthroughs in high-performance resins, such as metallocene polyethylene and electronic high-purity materials such as photoresist for integrated circuits.

2. 重大技术装备
Major technical equipment

推进CR450高速度等级中国标准动车组、谱系化中国标准地铁列车、高端机床装备、先进工程机械、核电机组关键部件、邮轮、大型LNG船舱和深海油气生产平台等研发应用，推动C919大型客机示范运营和ARJ21支线客机系列化发展。
Promote the R&D and application of CR450 high-speed China-standard EMUs, China-standard metro train series, high-end machine tool equipment, advanced engineering machinery, key nuclear power unit components, cruise ships, large LNG cabins, and deep-sea petroleum & natural gas production platforms, and promote the demonstration operation of C919 large passenger aircraft and ARJ21 regional passenger aircraft series.

3. 智能制造与机器人技术
Intelligent manufacturing and robotic technology

重点研制分散式控制系统、可编程逻辑控制器、数据采集和视频监控系统等工业控制装备，突破先进控制器、高精度伺服驱动系统、高性能減速器等智能机器人关键技术。发展增材制造。
Focus on the development of distributed control system, programmable logic controller, data acquisition, video monitoring system, and other industrial control equipment, make breakthroughs in advanced controllers, high-precision servo drive systems, high-performance reducers, and other key technologies used in intelligent robots. Develop additive manufacturing.

4. 航空发动机及燃气轮机
Aero engine and gas turbine

加快先进航空发动机关键材料等技术研发验证，推进民用大涵道比涡扇发动机CJ1000产品研制。突破宽体客机发动机关键技术，实现先进民用涡轴发动机产业化。建设上海重型燃气轮机试验电站。

Accelerate the R&D and verification of key materials used in advanced aero engines, and promote the development of CJ1000 civilian-use high bypass ratio turbofan engines. Make breakthroughs in the key technology for wide body aircraft engines and realize the industrial manufacturing of advanced civil turboshaft engines. Build a heavy-duty gas turbine test power station in Shanghai.

5. 北斗产业化应用
Industrial application of BeiDou

突破通信导航一体化融合等技术，建设北斗应用产业创新平台，在通信、金融、能源、民航等行业开展典型示范，推动北斗在车载导航、智能手机、穿戴设备等消费领城市场化规模化应用。

Make breakthroughs in communication and navigation technologies and integration, build innovation platforms for industries adopting BeiDou, carry out typical demonstrations in communication, finance, energy, civil aviation, and other industries, and promote market-oriented and large-scale application of BeiDou in leading cities in consumer markets such as vehicle navigation, smartphones, and wearable devices.

6. 新能源汽车和智能（网联）汽车
New-energy and intelligent (networked) vehicles

突破新能源汽车高安全动力电池、高效驱动电机、高性能动力系统等关键技术，加快研发智能（网联）汽车基础技术平台及软硬件系统、线控底盘和智能终端等关键部件。

Make breakthroughs in the key technologies in high-safety power battery, high-efficiency drive motor, and high-performance powertrain system for new energy vehicles and accelerate the research and development of basic technological platforms as well as software and hardware systems, drive-by-wire chassis, intelligent terminals, and other key components of intelligent (networked) automobiles.

7. 高端医疗装备和创新药
High-end medical equipment and innovative medicine

突破腔镜手术机器人、体外膜肺氧合机等核心技术，研制高端彩像、放射治疗等大型医疗设备及关键零部件。发展脑起搏器、全降解血管支架等植入介入产品，推动康复辅助器具提质升级。研发重大传染性疾病所需疫苗，开发治疗恶性肿瘤、心脑血管等疾病特效药。加强中医药关键技术装备研发。

Make breakthroughs in core technologies in endoscopic surgical robots and extracorporeal membrane oxygenators, and develop high-end color imaging, radiotherapy, and other large medical equipment and key spare parts. Develop implanted interventional products such as brain pacemakers and biodegradable vascular stents and promote the upgrade of rehabilitation assistive devices. Research and develop vaccines for major infectious diseases and develop specific drugs for the treatment of malignant tumors, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Strengthen the research and development of key technology and equipment used in traditional Chinese medicine.

8. 农业机械装备
Agricultural machinery and equipment

开发智能型大马力拖拉机、精量（免耕）播种机、喷杆喷雾机、开沟拖耙机，高效联合收割机、果蔬采收机、甘蔗收获机、采棉机等先进适用农业机械，发展丘陵山区农业生产高效专用农机推动先进粮油加工装备研发和产业化。研发绿色智能养殖饲喂、环控、采集、粪污利用等装备。研发造林种草等机械装备。

Develop intelligent large horsepower tractors, precision (no tillage) seeders, boom sprayers, trenching drag harrows, efficient combine harvesters, fruit and vegetable harvesters, sugarcane harvesters, cotton harvesters, and other advanced agricultural machinery. Develop high-efficiency agricultural machinery specially designed for hilly areas and promote the development and industrial manufacturing of advanced grain and oil processing equipment. Research and develop eco-friendly intelligent equipment for breeding and feeding, environmental control, and manure collection and utilization, among others. Research and develop machinery and equipment for afforestation and grass planting.