2019年3月新闻热词汇总

欧洲三国之行 trip to three European countries

President Xi Jinping arrived in Beijing on Wednesday after wrapping up his state visits to Italy, Monaco and France. It was his first overseas trip this year. During the six-day visit, Xi traveled to five cities and attended more than 40 events.
27日，在结束对意大利、摩纳哥、法国的国事访问后，国家主席习近平回到北京。此次欧洲之行是习近平主席2019年首次出访，他在6天时间里到访5座城市，密集出席了40余场活动。

国家主席习近平3月21日至26日应邀对意大利、摩纳哥、法国进行国事访问(state visit)。行程结束之际，国务委员兼外交部长王毅向记者介绍此访情况。王毅说，习近平主席此访致力于深化伙伴合作(deepen partnership for cooperation)，致力于完善全球治理(improve global governance)，致力于捍卫多边主义(uphold multilateralism)，体现了中国作为负责任大国的境界和担当(China's sense of responsibility as a major country)，受到国内外舆论高度评价。

王毅说，习近平主席走到哪里，"一带一路"的东风就吹向哪里，务实合作的果实就收获在哪里(wherever President Xi went, he took the Belt and Road and produced a harvest of practical cooperation there)。此访欧洲，习近平主席来到了古丝绸之路的另一端(the trip took Xi to the other end of the ancient Silk Road)，用"一带一路"接续新时代的亚欧大陆互联互通(boost Eurasian interconnectivity through joint building of the Belt and Road)。

王毅表示，意大利政府作出参与共建"一带一路"的战略决定，体现出求真务实和远见卓识(the Italian government's strategic decision to join the Belt and Road is pragmatic and visionary)。中意签署共建"一带一路"合作谅解备忘录(sign a memorandum of understanding on jointly building the Belt and Road)，为亚欧互联互通建设、为拓展"一带一路"全球合作增添新的动力。

王毅表示，习近平访问期间，中法签署第三方市场合作第三轮示范项目清单(sign agreements on the third round of the BRI-related demonstration projects in third-party markets)，并启动了第三方市场合作基金(kick off a third-party market fund)，合力打造两国"一带一路"合作支点。中法决定在传统战略性合作领域推进现有大项目合作(push the building of major projects in traditional areas)，在科技创新、农业、金融等新兴领域(new areas including scientific innovation, agriculture and finance)加快战略对接和全方位合作，进一步深化两国产业利益融合。

王毅表示，中、法、德及欧盟领导人在巴黎会晤时也就共建"一带一路"进行了富有建设性的讨论(constructive discussions on jointly building the Belt and Road)，各方都显示了积极姿态(all the parties responded positively)。马克龙总统在全球治理论坛闭幕式上表示，中方提出的"一带一路"倡议具有重大意义，将为世界和平与发展发挥重要作用(the BRI is of great significance and will play an important role in promoting global peace and development)，欧盟愿将欧亚互联互通战略与"一带一路"深度对接，开展创新性合作。

王毅说，中摩经贸合作具有务实、高效、灵活的特点。习近平主席在与阿尔贝二世亲王会谈中，认真探讨了摩方结合自身区位和产业优势，积极参与到共建"一带一路"国际合作中来(actively participate in the joint development of the Belt and Road)，同中方开展包括开拓第三方市场在内的多种形式合作。

共享单车押金新规 new rules on sharing bikes deposits

The regulation, if enacted, would require that companies charge users a deposit based on their service capability. The total prepaid funds in a user's account on a bike-sharing platform, for example, would be capped at 100 yuan ($15), while the money for other new transportation business would be less than 8,000 yuan.
新规要求，运营企业收取的用户预付资金总规模应当与其服务能力相匹配，互联网租赁自行车单个用户账号内的预付资金额度不得超过100元；其他交通运输新业态单个用户账号内的预付资金额度不得超过8000元。

The draft regulation makes it clear that users' prepaid funds can only be used for a company's main business, and may not be used for investment－such as real estate, equity, securities and bonds－or for debt service.
新规还明确提出，运营企业只能将用户预付资金用于其主营业务，不得用于不动产、股权、证券、债券等投资及其他借贷用途等。

【名词解释】

这里提到的“共享出行”包括网络预约出租汽车（online taxi-hailing）、汽车分时租赁（car rental）和互联网租赁自行车（online bike rental/bike sharing）等。

共享出行其实是分享经济（sharing economy）的一种。分享经济（sharing economy或shared economy）指能够让商品、服务、数据以及才能等有共享渠道的经济社会体系（economic and social systems that enable shared access to goods, services, data and talent）。这些体系形式各异，但都是运用信息技术让个人、公司、非盈利机构以及政府掌握大量信息以让他们可以分配、共享及再利用过剩的商品和服务（empower individuals, corporations, non-profits and government with information that enables distribution, sharing and reuse of excess capacity in goods and services）。

新规要求，运营企业原则上不收取用户押金，确有必要收取的，应当基于协议（any deposits should be based on agreements），提供运营企业专用存款账户（special deposit account）和用户个人银行结算账户（personal settlement account）两种资金存管方式，供用户选择。用户押金归用户所有，运营企业不得挪用（companies may not misappropriate deposit funds）。

此外，新规还明确提出，运营企业应当建立用户预付资金备付金制度（provisions system for user deposits），备付金不得低于用户预付资金余额的40%。

根据新规，用户申请退还押金（apply for deposit refund）时，存管银行和其他支付服务机构核对相关信息后，应当于当日(至迟次日)基于原路退还原则退还用户。用户原账户发生变化的，运营企业需提供用户身份信息、押金支付信息和退款账户信息，存管银行和其他支付服务机构核对认定后再行退还（refund customers' deposits after verifying the user's information）。

2020年东京奥运会火炬 Tokyo 2020 Olympic Torch

3月20日，东京奥组委揭晓了2020年东京奥运会火炬样式及奥运火炬大使，并披露奥运火炬在日本国内传递计划。

The torch to be used for the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Torch Relay has been designed with a cherry blossom motif – a flower close to the hearts of all Japanese people.
2020年东京奥运会火炬传递的火炬样式采用日本人民都钟爱的樱花形状。

火炬整体长度为71厘米，总重量约1.2公斤。火炬主要材质为铝材，采用了使用在新干线制造中的铝挤压工艺（the aluminium extrusion manufacturing technology used in the production of the shinkansen bullet train）。

制造火炬的铝材有30%来源于回收利用的铝材（recycled aluminium），此前用于建造2011年日本东部大地震后的预制房屋（originally used in the construction of prefabricated housing units）。

The Tokyo 2020 Olympic torch has been designed in the form of the Olympic flame. Five separate flames emerge from flower petals and come together as one at the centre of the torch to give off a more brilliant light – the 'Path of Hope'.
2020年东京奥运火炬设计成奥运之火的形式，5个花瓣中分别燃起5个火种，然后聚集在火炬中心形成更明亮的火光，即“希望之路”。

2020年东京奥运会火炬传递的主题正是 "Hope Lights Our Way" （希望照亮我们的道路）。

To coincide with the cherry blossom season in Japan, in March 2020 the Tokyo 2020 Olympic torch relay will begin and will be held over 121 days.
2020年东京奥运会火炬传递将于2020年3月开始，正好是日本的樱花季。火炬传递将历时121天。

Tokyo 2020 also announced the Olympic Torch Relay Ambassadors, who will promote the Relay to people all over the world. The list of Ambassadors includes three-time judo Olympic gold medallist Tadahiro Nomura, three-time Paralympian Aki Taguchi, actress Satomi Ishihara and comedy duo Sandwich Man.
同时，东京奥组委也宣布了奥运火炬传递大使，包括三届奥运会柔道冠军野村忠宏，三届残奥会选手田口亚希，演员石原里美以及喜剧二人组“三明治人”。这些大使将承担火炬传递在全球范围内的宣传工作。

化工厂爆炸 explosion at chemical plant

2019年3月21日14:48左右，江苏省盐城市响水县陈家港镇生态化工园区内的江苏天嘉宜化工有限公司发生爆炸。

正赴国外访问途中的中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平对江苏响水天嘉宜化工有限公司“3·21”爆炸事故作出重要指示：

Xi said all-out efforts must be made to search those trapped, and the injured must be timely treated and relief work must be well done to maintain social stability. Meanwhile, environment monitoring and early warning should be strengthened to prevent environmental pollution as well as secondary disasters.
要求全力抢险救援，搜救被困人员，及时救治伤员，做好善后工作，切实维护社会稳定。要加强监测预警，防控发生环境污染，严防发生次生灾害。

The Tianjiayi chemical plant, which was established in 2007, is a producer of over 30 organic chemical compounds, including anisole, m-Phenylenediamine and para-Phenylenediamine, many of which are flammable and toxic, according to its website.
官网信息显示，天嘉宜成立于2007年，主要生产苯甲醚、间苯二胺以及对间苯二胺等30多种有机化合物，其中很多化合物为易燃有毒产品。

According to the city's environmental protection authority, the explosion had a negative influence on the air quality in the chemical park and its surrounding areas within a 500-meter radius.
当地环保部门表示，爆炸会对化工厂及周边500米范围地区的空气质量产生不良影响。

No residents are living in the chemical park, while all people nearby have been evacuated. And there are no drinking water sources downstream of the accident site, it added.
环保部门同时表示，化工厂内没有人居住，周边居民也已被撤离。爆发事故地点下游也没有饮用水源。

The company had been ordered by State Administration of Work Safety Ministry, the predecessor of Ministry of Emergency Management, to rectify its 13 hidden safety hazards in 2018, including leaking valve on its storage tank.
2018年，原国家安监总局，应急管理部前身，曾要求天嘉宜整改储存罐阀门泄漏等13条安全隐患。

在国家安全监督总局办公厅的官网上，涉事的企业有13项安全隐患被通报，其中有4项直接涉及到苯；尤其有一条是，苯、甲醇装卸现场无防泄漏应急处置措施，这可能是造成可燃物泄漏并爆炸的主要原因之一。

And earlier in 2016, the company was fined by the county's ecological and environmental protection bureau for violating the solid waste management and environmental impact assessment regulations. It was punished again a year later for disobeying air pollution and solid waste management regulations in 2017, according to Qichacha, a data bank that tracks business registration information in China.
企业登记信息数据库企查查信息显示，早在2016年，天嘉宜就曾因为违法固体废物管理及环境影响测评规定被前国家环保总局罚款。2017年，该公司又因为违法空气污染及固体废物管理规定被处罚。