2019年4月新闻热词汇总

返还文物 returned historical artifacts

The exhibition, titled "The Journey Back Home" showcases more than 700 pieces of returned Chinese artifacts, including a painted pottery pot from the Western Han Dynasty (202 BC - 8 AD), a colored camel pottery figurine from the Tang Dynasty (618-907) and a white-glazed bowl from the Song Dynasty (960-1279).
“归来——意大利返还中国流失文物展”将展出700余件返还中国的文物，包括西汉彩绘茧形陶壶、唐代彩绘陶骆驼，以及宋代白釉刻花碗等。

【单词讲解】

Artifact，在英式英语中写作artefact，一般指“手工制品”，在考古领域则多指挖掘出来的“（工具、武器、饰品等具有考古或历史价值的）文物”。而我们常见的cultural relics里面的relic则指“遗迹、遗留物、遗址”等。我们可以说，在表示“历史遗迹”的时候，relic涵盖的范围要比artifact要广一些，而且这两个词一般都用复数形式。

“追索流散文物”可以用retrieve lost cultural relics/historical artifacts表示。Retrieve 表示“找回，重新获得”，比如追讨官员赃款（retrieve officials' illegal gains），找到遗体（retrieve bodies）等。

专家介绍，这批返还文物主要源自我国甘肃、陕西、四川、山西、河南和江苏等地的出土与传世文物（unearthed and handed-down artifacts），时代跨度从新石器时代（Neolithic period）至民国时期，具有较高的历史、文化和科学价值。

这批文物是2007年意大利蒙扎地区保护文化遗产宪兵队在日常巡查的过程中发现的。中国国家文物局得知相关信息后，随后展开了十余年的追索工作。

Most of the artifacts were found to have been unearthed in China and made their way to Italy without legal exit permits.
大部分文物都在中国出土，并通过非法途径流散到意大利。

China's National Cultural Heritage Administration filed papers seeking their return and, after a decadelong judicial process, Italy's Milan City Court confirmed the Chinese government's ownership of the cultural artifacts in 2014 and made the final decision to return the 796 artifacts to China in November 2018.
中国国家文物局提交材料要求返还文物，经过十年的司法程序，意大利米兰城市法院在2014年确认了中国政府对这些文物的所有权，并在2018年11月决定将796件文物返还中国。

China and Italy exchanged related certificates for returning 796 Chinese cultural relics on March 23. This batch of Chinese artifacts arrived in Beijing on April 10.
今年3月23日，中意双方代表交换关于796件中国流失文物艺术品返还的证书。这批文物艺术品于4月10日抵达北京。

【单词讲解】

这里用常见词return表示“返还”很好理解，更加正式的表达可以用repatriate historical artifacts或者名词形式repatriation of historical artifacts，repatriate表示send something back to its home country（把...送回国），如果是repatriate someone则表示“遣返、遣送回国”。

文化和旅游部部长雒树刚表示，此次文物返还，是中国流失文物追索返还工作中历时最长的案例，也是近20年来最大规模的中国流失文物回归（the largest return of lost Chinese cultural relics in nearly 20 years）。

意大利驻华大使谢国谊（Ettore Sequi）表示：

I'm glad to see this exhibition just before the Belt and Road Forum in Beijing. The new Silk Road of culture is bearing fruit.
我很高兴看到这个展览在“一带一路”论坛前夕开展，新文化丝路正在结出硕果。

Italy and China are the nations with the largest numbers of UNESCO World Heritage sites. Given that the two countries are important cultural powers, I think this repatriation will set an example for the rest of world.
意大利和中国都是拥有最多联合国教科文组织世界遗产的国家，两国都是重要的文化大国，这次文物返还将会给其他国家做出一个示范。

亚洲文明对话大会 Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations

4月25日，亚洲文明对话大会标志(Logo)正式发布。大会标志由图形和文字两部分构成。

The main pattern of the logo resembles a peony with six petals representing the six geographic regions of Asia. Nonrepresentational figures of the hand-in-hand humans are embedded in the logo to symbolize communication between different cultures.
图形部分主体形态由牡丹花衍生而来，按照亚洲地理位置的六个分区将标志设计成六瓣互动的花瓣状图形，并将抽象的人的形态融入其中，形成了人与人之间手牵手连接沟通的视觉效果，象征亚洲不同文明之间的交流对话。

 

The seven colors of the petals indicate the colorfulness of Asian civilizations. The acronym of the conference -- "CDAC," is displayed in the center.
七彩颜色体现了亚洲各国国旗的色彩，也象征亚洲文明的绚丽多彩。图形中间嵌入亚洲文明对话大会英文译名Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations 的首字母缩写CDAC。

亚洲文明对话大会官方网站（http://www.2019cdac.com）也于25日正式上线。

The official website (http://www.2019cdac.com) will provide related and updated news and service information on the conference in both Chinese and English, including information for sub-forums, the Asian cultural carnival and Asian food festival.
官网将发布大会相关动态消息和服务信息，采用中英两种语言版本，并呈现平行分论坛、亚洲文化嘉年华以及亚洲美食节等活动相关信息。

亚洲文明对话大会将于5月在北京举行。

大会将围绕亚洲文明交流互鉴与命运共同体（exchanges and mutual learning among Asian civilizations as well as a community with a shared future）的主题，举办开幕式和六场平行分论坛，还将举办亚洲文化嘉年华（Asian cultural carnivals）、亚洲文明周（Asian civilization week）、亚洲美食节（Asian food festival）等活动。

安全提示 safety tips

China's Ministry of Culture and Tourism has called for enhanced safety precautions during the May Day holiday, which is expected to see a tourism boom.
针对五一假期期间将出现的出游高峰，文化和旅游部提醒要加强安全防范措施。

【单词讲解】

Precaution这个词是caution加了前缀pre构成的，caution本身就表示“谨慎、当心；提醒、警告”等意思，比如，我们在公共场所见到的黄色警示牌“Caution! Wet floor!（小心地滑）”等，这里加了pre这个前缀，就是表示practice caution in advance（提前进入谨慎、小心的状态），也就是“预防、提防”的意思，“采取预防措施”一般会用take precaution或者take the precaution of (doing) something表示，比如：I took the precaution of locking money in the safe. （我把钱都锁紧保险柜了，以防万一。）

文化和旅游部的安全提示主要包括以下几部分：

Travelers who plan long-distance driving should check car conditions, licenses and insurance to ensure safe driving.
长途自驾出行前，仔细检查车况，并检查相关证件、保险是否齐全有效，确保行驶安全。

Drowsy driving should be avoided, and driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol is strictly prohibited.
途中避免疲劳驾驶，杜绝酒驾、醉驾、毒驾等违法违规行为。

【相关词汇】

疲劳驾驶 drowsy driving

无证驾驶 driving without a license

禁行区行驶 running through restricted areas

追尾 tailgating

肇事逃逸 hit-and-run

逃避交警检查 avoid police checkpoints

酒驾/毒驾 driving under influence（DUI）

不安全变道 unsafe lane changes

超速 speeding

超载 overloading

闯红灯 running red lights

 

The ministry warned travelers against possible extreme weather in some regions of southern China, saying trips to mountainous areas, valleys and areas next to water should be avoided in the case of bad weather.
南方部分地区容易出现极端天气，恶劣天气时应避免到山地、峡谷、水边等危险地点游玩。

 

Travelers should take extra cautions when participating in high-risk entertainment activities, said the ministry, advising travelers to choose entertainment activities based on their age and health conditions.
根据自身实际情况，谨慎参与高风险旅游项目，根据年龄特点、身体状况选择适宜参与的项目。

 

树立文明出游意识，爱惜生态环境，不随地乱扔垃圾，不随意投喂动物、践踏花草。

杜绝以下不文明行为：

扰乱公共场所秩序（undermining public order）

公共交通工具上行为不当（acting inappropriately on public transport）

破坏私人或公共财物（damaging private or public property）

违反当地风俗习惯（disrespecting local customs）

破坏文物古迹（sabotaging historical exhibits）

参与赌博、色情等非法活动（engaging in gambling or illegal sexual activities）

破坏生态环境，违反野生动植物保护规定（destroying the environment or violating the protection of wildlife）

扰乱旅游场所秩序（disrupting the public order at tourist resorts）

 

2019年北京世界园艺博览会 the International Horticultural Exhibition 2019 Beijing

 

Declaring the opening of the world's largest international horticultural exhibition in Beijing Sunday, President Xi Jinping expressed his hope that the green development concept embodied by the expo park would be spread to "every corner of the world."
国家主席习近平28日宣布全世界最大的园艺博览会在北京开幕，并希望，这片园区所阐释的绿色发展理念能传导至世界各个角落。

【小百科】
2019年北京世界园艺博览会（the International Horticultural Exhibition 2019 Beijing）4月29日至10月7日面向公众开放，共有110个官方和120个非官方参展机构参加。本届世园会的主题是“绿色生活、美丽家园（live green, live better）”，围绕这一主题，世园会举办期间将举行2500多场文化活动。这是继1999年昆明世园会后，中国再次举办国际最高级别的园艺博览会。

习近平在讲话中指出，生态文明建设已经纳入中国国家发展总体布局，建设美丽中国已经成为中国人民心向往之的奋斗目标。

中国生态文明建设进入了快车道，天更蓝、山更绿、水更清将不断展现在世人面前。
As China has been speeding up ecological civilization development, people will live in a better environment with blue sky, green mountains and clear water.

习近平强调，纵观人类文明发展史，生态兴则文明兴，生态衰则文明衰。杀鸡取卵、竭泽而渔的发展方式走到了尽头（the development model of "killing the hens for eggs" and "draining the lake for fish" is at the dead end），顺应自然、保护生态的绿色发展昭示着未来。

我们要像保护自己的眼睛一样保护生态环境，像对待生命一样对待生态环境，同筑生态文明之基，同走绿色发展之路。

第一，我们应该追求人与自然和谐。
We should pursue harmony between man and nature.

【金句】
我们要维持地球生态整体平衡，让子孙后代既能享有丰富的物质财富，又能遥望星空、看见青山、闻到花香。
We should maintain the overall balance of Earth's ecology, so that the starry sky, lush mountains and floral fragrance will be retained for our future generations who enjoy material prosperity at the same time.

第二，我们应该追求绿色发展繁荣。
We should pursue the prosperity based on green development.

【金句】
绿水青山就是金山银山，改善生态环境就是发展生产力。
Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. Improving ecological environment is increasing productivity.

第三，我们应该追求热爱自然情怀。
We should foster a passion for nature-caring lifestyle.

【金句】
我们要倡导简约适度、绿色低碳的生活方式，拒绝奢华和浪费。
We should embrace simple, moderate, green and low-carbon ways of life, and reject extravagance and waste of resources.

第四，我们应该追求科学治理精神。
We should pursue a scientific spirit in ecological governance.

【金句】
生态治理必须遵循规律，科学规划，因地制宜，统筹兼顾，打造多元共生的生态系统。
Ecological governance should follow the law of nature and make scientific planning, while taking into consideration local conditions and a holistic approach to create a diversified ecological system of co-existence.

第五，我们应该追求携手合作应对。
We should join hands to tackle environmental challenges.

【金句】
唯有携手合作，我们才能有效应对气候变化、海洋污染、生物保护等全球性环境问题，实现联合国2030年可持续发展目标。
Only with concerted efforts can we effectively deal with global environmental issues such as climate change, marine pollution and biological protection, and achieve the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development goals.

日本天皇退位 abdication of Japan Emperor

日本明仁天皇4月30日宣告退位，结束日本自1989年1月8日开始的“平成”时代。

 

Japanese emperor Akihito is set to step down from the throne on Tuesday, which will make him the first monarch to abdicate in more than 200 years.
日本明仁天皇将于4月30日退位，成为200多年来首位生前退位的天皇。

【单词讲解】

Abdicate，读作[??bd??ket]，在这里就是step down from the throne（退位）的意思，还可以用relinquish the throne表示。此外，这个词也可以表示“放弃（职责）、失职”，比如：Many parents simply abdicate all responsibility for their children.（许多父母对孩子简直是完全撒手不管。）需要注意的是，在表示“退位”的时候，简单一个abdicate就可以了，而如果表示“放弃职责、失职”，则需要用abdicate responsibility for something/somebody表示。

His son, Crown Prince Naruhito, 59, will be inaugurated as the 126th emperor the next day, ushering in the Reiwa era.
5月1日，59岁的皇太子德仁将继位，成为日本第126位天皇，日本进入“令和”时代。

【单词讲解】

这里需要注意的是，“某人就任、就职”用的是someone is inaugurated (as)这样的句式表达，因为inaugurate本身的意思就是“使...正式就任”。The inauguration of the president或者presidential inauguration自然就是“总统就职典礼”。如果看到something is inaugurated则表示“（某个项目）举行落成典礼/成立庆典”。

明仁天皇为何退位？

最近几年，明仁天皇经历了心脏手术和前列腺癌，他在2016年的电视讲话中表示，担心自己的健康状况无法继续履行职责。

"When I consider that my fitness level is gradually declining, I am worried that it may become difficult for me to carry out my duties as the symbol of the State," the Emperor said in 2016.
他表示：“我意识到我的健康状况每况愈下，我担心自己无法继续履行作为国家象征的职责。”

2017年6月，日本通过特别法，允许天皇退位。

退位仪式有什么流程？

The abdication ceremony will take place in the afternoon with attendees including Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, Empress Michiko, Crown Prince Naruhito and Crown Princess Masako, as well as the heads of both houses of parliament and Supreme Court justices. Over 330 attendants will also be present.
退位仪式将在4月30日下午举行，日本首相安倍晋三、皇后美智子、皇太子德仁、皇太子妃雅子、两院的议员以及最高法院的法官等都将出席退位仪式。将有330多人出席退位仪式。

Imperial chamberlains will carry state and privy seals into the room along with two of Japan's “Three Sacred Treasures” – a sword and a jewel – which together with a mirror are symbols of the throne.
皇室侍从将会奉上国印、御玺以及象征日本皇室的“三件神器”中的两件：“天业云剑”和“八尺琼勾玉”，另外一件是“八咫镜”。

Abe will announce the abdication and Akihito will make his final remarks as emperor.
安倍晋三将主持退位仪式，明仁天皇将发表最后一次讲话。

On Wednesday morning, Crown Prince Naruhito will inherit the Imperial Treasures in his first ritual as emperor.
5月1日清晨，皇太子德仁将在就位典礼上继承皇室神器。

 

五四运动100周年 the centenary of the May Fourth Movement

纪念五四运动100周年大会（a ceremony to mark the centenary of the May Fourth Movement）今天上午10时30分在人民大会堂举行。中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平出席大会并发表重要讲话。

 

以下为本次讲话要点双语摘录：

五四运动的意义

习近平指出，五四运动是中国近现代史上具有划时代意义的一个重大事件，是中国旧民主主义革命走向新民主主义革命的转折点，在近代以来中华民族追求民族独立和发展进步的历史进程中具有里程碑意义。

五四运动是一场以先进青年知识分子为先锋、广大人民群众参加的彻底反帝反封建的伟大爱国革命运动。
The May Fourth Movement was a great patriotic and revolutionary campaign pioneered by advanced young intellectuals and participated by the people from all walks of life to resolutely fight imperialism and feudalism.

五四运动是一场中国人民为拯救民族危亡、捍卫民族尊严、凝聚民族力量而掀起的伟大社会革命运动。
The May Fourth Movement was a great social revolutionary movement launched by the Chinese people to save the nation from subjugation, safeguard national dignity and pool national strength together.

五四运动是一场传播新思想新文化新知识的伟大思想启蒙运动和新文化运动。
The May Fourth Movement was a great enlightenment and new cultural movement of disseminating new thought, new culture and new knowledge.

五四运动以全民族的力量高举起爱国主义的伟大旗帜。
The May Fourth Movement is a grand flag of patriotism raised with the power of the whole nation.

五四运动以全民族的行动激发了追求真理、追求进步的伟大觉醒。
The May Fourth Movement is a grand enlightenment for the entire nation to pursue truth and progress.

五四运动以全民族的搏击培育了永久奋斗的伟大传统。
The May Fourth Movement has cultivated a great tradition of permanent endeavor.

对新时代中国青年提出要求

习近平在讲话中指出，新时代中国青年运动的主题，新时代中国青年运动的方向，新时代中国青年的使命，就是坚持中国共产党的领导，同人民一道，为实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦而奋斗。

新时代中国青年要树立对马克思主义的信仰、对中国特色社会主义的信念、对中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的信心。
Young Chinese of the new era should establish belief in Marxism, faith in socialism with Chinese characteristics, as well as confidence in the Chinese dream of national rejuvenation.

新时代中国青年要热爱伟大祖国。爱国主义的本质就是坚持爱国和爱党、爱社会主义高度统一。
Chinese youth of the new era should love their country ardently, the essence of patriotism is having unified love for the country, the Communist Party of China, and socialism.

新时代中国青年要听党话、跟党走，胸怀忧国忧民之心、爱国爱民之情。
Young Chinese of the new era should follow the instructions and guidance of the Party, and remain dedicated to the country and the people.

新时代中国青年要有感恩之心，感恩党和国家，感恩社会和人民。
Chinese youth of the new era should be grateful to the Party, the country, the society and the people.

新时代中国青年，要有家国情怀，也要有人类关怀。
Young people should not only care about their family and country, but also have concerns for humanity.

新时代中国青年要自觉树立和践行社会主义核心价值观，自觉抵制拜金主义、享乐主义、极端个人主义、历史虚无主义等错误思想。
Young people should nurture and practise core socialist values, and guard against wrong ideas such as money worship, hedonism, extreme individualism and historical nihilism.

新时代中国青年要努力学习马克思主义立场观点方法，努力掌握科学文化知识和专业技能，努力提高人文素养。
Young people should work hard in learning the Marxist stance, viewpoints and methods, mastering scientific and cultural knowledge and professional skills, and improving their humanistic quality.

重视青年培养

习近平在讲话中要求各级党委和政府、各级领导干部以及全社会都要充分信任青年、热情关心青年、严格要求青年，关注青年愿望、帮助青年发展、支持青年创业，做青年朋友的知心人、青年工作的热心人、青年群众的引路人。

把青年一代培养造就成德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人，是全党的共同政治责任。
The Communist Party of China (CPC) should shoulder the political responsibility of nurturing a new generation of capable young people who have a good and all-round moral, intellectual, physical, and aesthetical grounding in addition to a hardworking spirit, and who are well-prepared to join the socialist cause.

要倾听青年对社会问题和现象的看法，对党和政府工作的意见和建议。
We should listen to young people's views on social issues and phenomena, as well as their opinions and advices on the work of the Party and the government.

即便听到了尖锐的甚至是偏颇的批评，也要有则改之、无则加勉。
Even if they express harsh or partial criticism, we should correct our mistakes when we have made any and guard against them when we have not.

帮助青年解决好他们在毕业求职、创新创业、社会融入、婚恋交友、老人赡养、子女教育等方面的操心事、烦心事，努力为青年创造良好发展条件。
The Party should address young people's concerns in employment, starting business, integrating into the society, love, marriage and making friends, caring for the elderly and raising children, so as to create favorable conditions for their development.

教育引导青年正确认识世界，全面了解国情，把握时代大势。
We should educate and guide young people to view the world properly, to understand the national conditions comprehensively, and to grasp the trend of the era.

共青团要团结带领新时代中国青年在实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的进程中不断开拓创新、奋发有为。
The Communist Youth League of China (CYLC) should unite and lead Chinese youth of the new era to strive for the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation.

共青团要认真履行引领凝聚青年、组织动员青年、联系服务青年的职责，
The CYLC should serve their duties of guiding and uniting the youth, mobilizing them, connecting them and providing services.

 

（中国日报网英语点津 Helen）