2020年9月新闻热词汇总

乡村旅游线路 rural tourism routes

在中秋、国庆长假即将到来之际，文化和旅游部近日集中向社会推出300条全国乡村旅游精品线路。

The rural tourism routes cover all provincial-level regions in the country, featuring road trips, sightseeing and homestays, and are meant to tap into local cultural and agricultural resources and boost economic growth.
此次推出的乡村旅游精品线路覆盖全国所有省份，包括自驾游、观光游以及民宿等线路，旨在挖掘乡村优秀传统文化和农业资源，拉动经济发展。

据文化和旅游部资源开发司相关负责人介绍，受疫情影响，游客越来越倾向于慢节奏、短周期、近距离的出游方式，对安全、健康、舒适等旅游体验品质更加看重（place more emphasis on safety, health and comfort perception）。

【单词讲解】

英文报道中经常用tourist、holidaymaker 或 visitor来指代“游客”，那么这三个词有什么区别呢？

Tourist的意思是 “游客、旅游者”。与holidaymaker相比，tourist所涵盖的 “游客” 范围更广泛，指的是 “以休闲为目的，去一个地方旅行观光的人”。这类tourist通常会去参观多个景点，而且整个旅程一般都会超过一天的时间。常见搭配有：tourist attractions 或者 tourist spots 旅游景点； the tourist season 旅游季，也就是某地的接待游客较多的时期。

名词holidaymaker由假期holiday和做某事的人maker组合而成，意思是 “度假者”。Holidaymaker是tourist的一种，它特指那些 “离开居住地去旅游度假的人”。Holidaymaker的度假往往是以放松心情、享受当地人文风光为目的的。

Visitor泛指 “参观一个地方的人”。它和tourist以及holidaymaker不同的是：一个visitor拜访、参观某处的目的不一定只是休闲度假；而且，所参观访问的地点既可能位于他居住的地区，也可能在他居住的地区以外。除了指 “游客” 以外，visitor也可以指 “到别人家拜访的人”、“网站的访客” 等。

文化和旅游部统计数据显示，

Rural tourism in the country experienced a strong recovery in the second quarter of this year, with the total revenue increasing by nearly 149 percent from 69.5 billion yuan (about $10.3 billion) in the first quarter, and continued to pick up steam.
今年一季度，全国乡村旅游总收入695亿元，第二季度形势大为好转，环比增长达149%，而且恢复形势持续强劲。

假期出行做好个人防护

文化和旅游部近日发布公告，提醒广大游客合理规划出游线路，错峰出行，做好个人防护。

Tourists should learn about the epidemic prevention measures required by tourist attractions in advance, and make appointments before their visits, the ministry said.
文化和旅游部提示，游客应提前了解和查询旅游景区疫情防控措施，做到“无预约、不出游”。

The notice also asked tourists to maintain a safe distance while taking public transportation and eating at restaurants.
在乘坐公共交通工具、就餐时保持安全间距。

If tourists have symptoms, including fever, coughing and tiredness, they should report their conditions as soon as possible and go to the nearby medical institutions for treatment, the notice said.
出现发热、干咳、乏力等症状应及时报告，并就近到医疗机构就诊。

建档立卡贫困家庭辍学学生 dropouts from registered impoverished families

在9月23日召开的国务院新闻办新闻发布会上，教育部副部长郑富芝介绍了辍学学生减少情况和义务教育入学率情况。

The total number of dropouts in China's nine-year compulsory education decreased from 600,000 last year to 2,419 as of Sept 15, and the number of dropouts from registered impoverished families has been reduced to zero, down from 200,000 last year, Zheng said.
郑富芝介绍，截至今年9月15日，全国义务教育阶段辍学学生由60万人降至2419人，其中建档立卡贫困家庭辍学学生由20万人降至0人。

【单词讲解】

这里的dropout是名词，表示“辍学学生”，其动词形式为drop out，常见的搭配为drop out of school。Drop常见的短语搭配还有drop in/by（顺便拜访），比如：Drop in/by any time—we're always home.（随时来都可以，我们都在家。）如果要表明顺便拜访的对象则多用drop in on someone表示，比如：I hate to drop in on people when they aren't expecting me.（我不喜欢贸然造访别人家。）

郑富芝介绍，义务教育普及的目标是贫困家庭适龄儿童少年不失学辍学，保障有学上、上得起学（make sure that impoverished students have access to compulsory education）；对不能到校的残疾学生（students with disability），采取送教上门的方式（bring education to their doorstep），帮助其接受义务教育。

China has exempted tuition and textbook fees for all primary and junior high school students and offered financial aid to impoverished students, he said.
我国对所有义务教育阶段的学生免收学费和书本费，并对贫困家庭的学生发放补助。

The country offered 212.6 billion yuan ($31.3 billion) in financial aid to 106 million students in all levels of education last year, an increase of almost 90 percent from 2012, according to the ministry.
2019年受资助学生1.06亿人次，金额达2126亿元，比2012年增长了近90%。

如何保障劝返回来的学生不再辍学？

Special arrangements have been made for dropouts who have returned to schools to prevent them from dropping out again, such as offering psychological counseling, grouping them into separate classes and providing vocational training for older students, Zheng said.
为了避免劝返回来的学生再辍学，教育部门采取了一些特殊的举措，比如，安排心理咨询，单独编班，对年龄较大的学生提供职业培训等。

中国人民志愿军烈士遗骸 remains of Chinese People's Volunteers soldiers

The remains of 117 Chinese People's Volunteers soldiers killed in the 1950-53 Korean War returned to China on Sunday from the Republic of Korea (ROK). This is the seventh annual repatriation, following a handover agreement signed between China and the ROK.
9月27日，117位在韩中国人民志愿军烈士遗骸回国。这是中韩两国签署交接协议后第七批回国的烈士遗骸。

【知识点】

70年前，中国人民志愿军（Chinese People's Volunteers）跨过鸭绿江，奔赴战火弥天的前线，踏上抗美援朝、保家卫国的战场。

The Chinese People's Volunteers (CPV) fought alongside the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) army in the Korean War against the South Korean army and the United States-led UN forces between 1950 and 1953.
1950年至1953年，中国人民志愿军支援朝鲜战争，同朝鲜人民军一道对抗韩国国军和以美国为首的“联合国军”。

A total of 2.9 million CPV soldiers entered the battlefield, and 197,653 of them sacrificed their lives in the war.
共有290万名志愿军战士参与抗美援朝出国作战，有197653名志愿军战士在战争中牺牲。

2014年以来，累计有716位在韩志愿军烈士遗骸回到祖国。

国产运-20大型运输机执行载运任务

Y-20 aircraft, the domestically developed transport aircraft, carried out the task for the first time. It was labeled with the serial number 01, as a mark of high respect for the martyrs.
国产运-20大型运输机首次执行运送志愿军烈士遗骸回国的任务，机身编号01体现了归烈士们的尊崇。

The remains will be buried in the CPV martyrs' cemetery in Shenyang, with a burial ceremony due to be held on Monday.
这些烈士将于9月28日安葬在沈阳抗美援朝烈士陵园，并举行安葬仪式。

Cemetery staff have registered more than 5,000 items that were returned together with the previous six groups of remains, and have established electronic files.
至此，陵园工作人员已登记5000余件随烈士遗骸一同返回的遗物，并建立电子档案。

In 2019, with the help of DNA technology, China successfully identified six of the unknown martyrs and found their families.
2019年，我国利用DNA技术成功识别了六位无名烈士的身份并找到了他们的家人。

黄金周 golden week

9月28日，为期11天的铁路国庆黄金周运输正式启动。

A total of 108 million train trips are expected to be made during the travel rush from Monday through Oct 8, with a daily average of about 9.82 million trips, China State Railway Group said.
中国国家铁路集团有限公司表示，自9月28日至10月8日，全国铁路预计发送旅客1.08亿人次，日均982万人次。

【单词讲解】

这里的rush是名词，表示同一时间段内很多人同时做一件事，也就是我们所说的“高峰期”，比如，Spring Festival travel rush（春运）、Christmas shopping rush（圣诞购物季）等。此外，这个词也可以用作动词，表示“快速做某事、突袭”等，比如：I've been rushing (about/around) all day trying to get everything done.（我忙了一整天，想把所有事情都办完。）We shouldn't rush to blame them.（我们不应该急着责怪他们。）

The company noted the peak of train transport is expected to be registered on Oct 1 -- the first day of the National Day holiday, with 13 million passenger trips. The figure will hit a record high for daily railway passenger trips after the outbreak.
国铁集团表示，10月1日为客流最高峰，预计发送旅客1300万人次，将创新冠肺炎疫情发生以来铁路日均客流新高。

To serve rising demand, 9,500 trains will be put into operation every day, an addition of 1,200 trains compared to a normal period, it added.
为了应对不断增加的出行需求，全国铁路预计日均开行旅客列车达到9500列，比节前日均增加1200列以上。

公路自驾游比例高

Some 408 million road trips are expected to be made during the holiday, according to the Ministry of Transport. All expressways will be toll-free for passenger cars with seven seats or fewer from Friday to Oct 8.
交通运输部表示，国庆假期期间公路自驾游有望达到4.08亿次。今年国庆节、中秋节假期，全国收费公路将免收小型客车通行费，具体免费时段从10月1日00:00开始，10月8日24:00结束。

互联网普及率 internet penetration rate

9月29日，中国互联网络信息中心（CNNIC）发布第46次《中国互联网络发展状况统计报告》。

The number of internet users in China had reached 940 million as of June, accounting for one-fifth of the world's total, according to the report. The internet penetration rate in China reached 67 percent, about 5 percentage points higher than the global average, the report said.
报告显示，截至2020年6月，我国网民规模达9.40亿，相当于全球网民的五分之一。互联网普及率达67.0%，约高于全球平均水平5个百分点。

【单词讲解】

这里的penetration rate多用于商业领域，指“渗透率”，常用的专业表达是market penetration rate（市场渗透率），指某个商品或品牌在整个市场中的普及程度以及销售情况。那么internet penetration rate指的就是互联网在全国的普及及使用程度。类似的表达还有broadband/mobile-phone penetration（宽带/手机普及程度）。

城乡数字鸿沟显著缩小

Residents in 98 percent of China's poor villages had access to the internet through fiber-optic cables,said the report, noting that the urban-rural digital gap had been significantly narrowed.
数据显示，全国贫困村通光纤比例达到98%,城乡数字鸿沟显著缩小。

【单词讲解】

这里的digital gap就是“数字鸿沟”，又称为“信息鸿沟”，也可以用digital divide来表示，是指在全球数字化进程中，不同国家、地区、行业、企业、社区之间，由于对信息、网络技术的拥有程度、应用程度以及创新能力的差别而造成的信息落差及贫富进一步两极分化的趋势。消除数字鸿沟有助于缩小rural-urban divide（城乡差距）。

电商直播增长最快

The number of the country's livestreaming users reached 562 million by the end of June, 309 million of whom are engaged with e-commerce livestreaming, according to the report.
报告显示，截至6月底，我国直播用户达5.62亿，其中3.09亿为电商直播用户。

在线教育用户超3.8亿

Internet services such as online education, medical consultation and remote-office facilities have great development potential due to the influence of the COVID-19 epidemic, said the report, adding that the number of online-education users now exceeds 380 million.
受新冠肺炎疫情影响，在线教育、在线医疗、远程办公等成为极具发展潜力的互联网应用，其中在线教育用户已超过3.8亿。

（中国日报网英语点津 Helen）