李克强总理答中外记者问（双语全文）

[中央人民广播之声和央广网记者]总理，您好。我的问题是关于雾霾天气。现在我们看到老百姓对雾霾的抱怨越来越多。我们也注意到，您在政府工作报告中对此用了“宣战”这个词，这在以往是没有的。请问总理，“宣战”到底意味着什么？

China National Radio: There has been growing public complaint about smog. In your government work report, you said the government will declare war against pollution. I wish to ask you what do you mean by that?

[李克强]我说要向雾霾等污染宣战，这是因为这是社会关注的焦点问题。许多人早晨一起来，就打开手机查看PM2.5的数值，这已经成为重大的民生问题。我们说要向雾霾等污染宣战，可不是说向老天爷宣战，而是要向我们自身粗放的生产和生活方式来宣战。我们去年出台了国务院治理大气污染的十条措施，在161个城市进行PM2.5数值的监测，这在发展中国家是最多的。这不仅是要让人民群众提高自身防护的意识，更是给政府增加责任。今年我们主动加压，加大降耗力度，也就是确定能源消耗强度要下降3.9%，而去年实际完成是下降3.7%，这意味着要减少2.2亿吨煤炭消耗。

Li Keqiang: I said the government will declare war against smog and pollution as a whole, because this has become a serious issue on the top of the minds of our people. For many people, the first thing they do after getting up in the morning is to check the PM2.5 figure for the day. This has become a major issue that concerns our people’s lives. To declare war against smog and other pollution doesn’t mean that we are declaring war against Nature. Rather, what we mean is that we are going to declare war against our own inefficient and unsustainable model of growth and way of life. Last year, the State Council issued a ten-point plan of action on the prevention and control of air pollution. We now conduct PM2.5 monitoring in 161 cities across the country, which is the most extensive scope among all developing countries. This is not just a reminder for our people to take precautionary measures, but also placing additional responsibility on the shoulder of the government. This year we will take further measures. For example, we have set the target of cutting energy intensity by 3.9% on top of the 3.7% reduction we achieved last year. This is equivalent to cutting coal burning by 220 million tons.

对包括雾霾在内的污染宣战，就要铁腕治污加铁规治污，对那些违法偷排、伤天害人的行为，政府绝不手软，要坚决予以惩处。对那些熟视无睹、监管不到位的监管者要严肃追查责任。当然，雾霾的形成有复杂的原因，治理也是一个长期的过程。但是我们不能等风盼雨，还是要主动出击，希望全社会，政府、企业、社会成员，大家一起努力，持续不懈地奋斗，来打这场攻坚战。谢谢。

In fighting pollution, we need both tough measures and tough regulations. The government will severely punish those illegal emitting activities which harm both nature and human health. And those overseeing agencies which turn a blind eye to polluting activities and fail to perform their overseeing duties will be held accountable. There are complex causes for smog and to tackle this problem will take a long time. But we cannot sit here and wait for wind or rain to drive smog away. We have to take action ourselves. I hope that the government, the businesses and each and every individual of the society will act together and make persistent efforts to win this tough battle against smog. It’s almost time for lunch, but the moderator hopes that I take two more questions. Would you like that? Fine, I’m happy to oblige.

快到吃饭时间了，但是主持人希望再问两个问题，大家愿意吗？那好吧，我服从公众。

It’s almost time for lunch, but the moderator hopes that I take two more questions. Would you like that? Fine, I’m happy to oblige.

[荷兰国际新闻电视台记者]去年您访问了多个欧洲国家，您亲自介入了解决中欧之间关于光伏产品的贸易纠纷，同时访问期间，您还亲自推介中国的核电以及高铁装备。请问您希望如何解决中国企业进入欧洲市场方面存在的一些障碍？同时中国政府将采取什么措施来解决欧洲方面对欧洲公司进入中国市场的关切？

RTL 4: Premier Li, you went to Europe last year to solve the solar panel dispute and also to promote Chinese nuclear power equipments and Chinese high-speed rail. I’d like to know your thoughts on what kind of obstacles you think should be removed for Chinese companies who want to do business in Europe. And in return, how will you address the European concerns about market access to China?

[李克强]推介中国的产品，维护中国企业在海外的正当权益，这是作为中国总理份内的事。我去年访问中东欧的时候，曾经跟他们的领导人说，如果你要建高铁、核电，在同等质量下，用中国的装备可能是建设最快、成本最低的，我有这个底气。中国的经济要升级，出口产品也要升级，我们不能总是卖鞋袜、衣帽、玩具，当然这也需要，但中国装备走出去可以在世界市场上接受竞争的检验，提质升级。而且这样做也有利于各方，因为我们装备的很多零件是全球采购的，一些技术也是购买来的，中欧和相关方面，就装备走出去进行合作可以实现互利共赢。

Li Keqiang: To promote Chinese products and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese companies overseas is part of my job as Chinese Premier. During my visit to central and eastern Europe last year, I once said to leaders of these countries that of all the high-speed railways and nuclear power plants of the same quality, the Chinese companies can deliver in the fastest way and at the lowest cost. I have such confidence. In upgrading the Chinese economy, we also need to upgrade Chinese exports. We cannot just export toys, apparel or shoes, although they are also necessary. We also need to export Chinese equipment to help Chinese equipment raise its competitiveness as they are tested on the international market. This is also a win-win situation, as among exports of Chinese equipment, many components and parts are sourced globally and some technologies are introduced from overseas. So this brings benefits to all.

不过我还想通过各位向中国企业转达一句话：你们可是要尽力啊，我们对中国装备质量等做了承诺，可不要让这个承诺落空啊。请中外记者给予监督。至于你说到去年的光伏案，中欧作为最大的贸易伙伴，规模很大，摩擦难免发生，但是只要我们相互尊重，妥善地协商，是可以解决问题的。像最后光伏案的解决，可以说是成功的案例。我可不希望因为个案，而且比例很小，来丢掉“中欧是最大贸易伙伴”的帽子。说到中欧关系，我还要说，中欧都主张世界多极化，也主张投资便利化。中欧企业相互进入、相互投资，这是大趋势。我们现在正在进行中欧投资协定谈判，相信在中欧投资协定谈判的进程当中，只要我们对等、公平、便利地推进，为企业创造条件，中欧的相互投资额会不断地攀升，经济的融合度也会不断地加深。谢谢。

Here through you, I wish to convey a message to the Chinese companies. That is: you need to do your best. We have given our word for the quality of Chinese equipment. I hope you will not prove us wrong, and the Chinese and foreign journalists can supervise. You mentioned the trade dispute over photovoltaic products last year. China and the EU are each other’s largest trading partners. It is only natural that there will be some trade frictions between them given the large size of their trade. But as long as the two sides respect each other and engage in proper consultations, problems can be solved. And settlement of last year’s photovoltaic products case is a success story. I don’t want to see that one loses the status of “biggest trading partner” because of those individual cases which account for only a very small percentage of the two-way trade. Talking about China-EU relations, I want to say that both China and the EU are strong advocates of a multi-polar world and investment facilitation. I believe it is an irresistible trend for Chinese and European companies to enter into each other’s markets and make mutual investment. The two sides are now negotiating an investment treaty. I believe that as long as the two sides conduct the negotiation in a fair, reciprocal and facilitating way and create conditions for companies of both sides, there will be even greater mutual investment and deeper economic integration between China and Europe.

[中国国际广播之声和国际在线网记者]总理，您好。最近网上民调显示，社会保障是网民关注的热点之一。去年您就提出要打造民生保障的安全网。请问总理，在这方面有哪些进展和新的打算？谢谢。

China Radio International: A recent opinion poll shows that social security is one of the hot topics among Chinese netizens. Last year, you said that China will build a social safety net to improve people’s livelihood. How has this been progressing and is there any new plan in this regard?

[李克强]社会关注的热点问题，尤其是民生问题，应该是政府工作的重点。今年要着重继续做三件事，就是保基本、兜底线、促公平。第一是保基本。也就是说要在义务教育、基本医疗、基本养老、住房等诸多方面来构建一个完整的社会保障安全网。我们现在基本医保已经总体覆盖全民了，基本养老的参与人数也超过8亿人。但是群众还有反映，比如接续难、转移难这些问题，我们要继续巩固和扩大这些基本的社会保障。今年适当时候要提高基本养老金的标准，而且要解决或者说逐步解决碎片化的问题，整合城乡医保，推进养老保险并轨，构建统筹城乡的社会保障网。

Li Keqiang: Topics of high concern to the people, in particular those related to people’s livelihood, represent priorities on the government work agenda. This year, we have three major tasks. Namely, we need to meet people’s basic living needs. We need to provide a last resort for people to fall back on in case of special difficulty. And we need to promote social fairness. First, we need to ensure people’s basic living needs. We will build a comprehensive social safety net covering, among others, compulsory education, medical care, old-age support and housing. Our basic medical insurance schemes have achieved full coverage. Now basic old-age insurance schemes cover more than 800 million people. We need to make them truly portable and transferable, and further expand their coverage. We will raise the basic pension benefits at an appropriate time this year, and tackle the problem of fragmentation in due course. That is to say, we need to further integrate old-age and medical insurance schemes in urban and rural areas to put in place an integrated social safety net for the entire population.

第二是兜底线。因为国力所限，我们基本保障的标准还是低水平的，总会有一部分人因病、因灾等特殊原因陷入生活的窘境，基本保障兜不住，还要进行社会救助。我们绝不能让无家可归、因贫弃医等现象频发。将心比心啊，政府工作人员应该以百姓之心为心。所以前不久我们出台了新的社会救助管理办法，就是要让这些特殊困难群众求助有门。第三是促公平。我们保基本、兜底线，还是要为了解除人民群众就业、创业的后顾之忧，还是要采取措施，尤其在一些领域要有更有效的办法，让就业、求职机会公平，让创业有公平竞争的环境，特别要注重起点公平，也就是教育公平。我们要继续增加农村贫困地区的学生上重点高校的人数，今年要增加10%以上，并且要加大农村贫困地区薄弱学校改造的力度。政府就是应该创造条件，让每个人都通过自己的奋斗有公平发展的机会，我们要把公正贯彻到社会的最底层。谢谢。

Second, we need to provide a last resort for people to fall back on in time of special difficulty. As China is still a developing country, our basic welfare benefits are still quite low. But there are these people in the society who run into special difficulty because of serious illnesses or sudden disasters. In such circumstances, basic welfare benefits are no longer enough. They are in need of social assistance. The government must prevent frequent occurrence of such instances in which people become homeless or have to give up seeking medical treatment because they cannot afford it. Just imagine what if such situation happens to ourselves. All government employees must always put such special needs of the people on top of their mind. Therefore, not long ago, we introduced new methods on providing social aid to ensure that people who run into special difficulty will have somewhere to turn to. Third, we need to promote social fairness. The above-mentioned two major tasks are designed to ensure that our people won’t have any worries in seeking employment and starting one’s own business. The government needs to take more effective steps to ensure equal opportunities in finding jobs and level the playing field for people to start their own businesses. The government needs to pay particular attention to ensuring fairness at the starting point, namely, fairness in education. This year we will raise the proportion of rural students from poor areas enrolled in key colleges and universities by over 10%. We will also further improve those poorly-built and low-performing schools in poor rural areas. In a word, the government needs to create conditions to ensure that each and every individual will have an equal shot at a better life through hard work and that fairness and justice are truly realized even at the most primary level of the society. Thank you.

[李克强]主持人说到吃午饭的时间了。中国人说民以食为天。所谓民是众的意思，你们的肚子加起来远远超过我一个人，还是要让大家不能挨饿。谢谢你们参与关注今天的记者会，也谢谢一些记者的提问，谢谢大家。

Li Keqiang: The moderator indicates to me that it’s already lunch time. The Chinese people see food as an overriding priority. With so many people at the press conference, I hate to stand between you and your lunch. Thank you for coming to today’s press conference, and thank you for your questions. Thank you all.

记者会结束后，李克强总理站起来将要离开现场时，又回答了两位记者的追问。在回答记者关于中央是否还会有惠港政策的问题时，李克强说，凡是有利于香港繁荣发展的事，我们都会去做，过去是这样，今后还会是这样。

After the press conference, as he stood up to leave, Premier Li Keqiang answered questions from two more journalists. When asked whether the central government will introduce more favorable policies for Hong Kong, Premier Li Keqiang said, we will do anything that contributes to the prosperity of Hong Kong. We did so in the past and will continue to do in the future.

（中国日报网英语点津 Helen 编辑）