金砖国家领导人厦门宣言

国际和平与安全
International Peace and Security

35. 我们注意到世界正在经历深刻变革，国际社会面临全球性安全威胁和挑战。我们承诺在国际场合就事关国际和平与安全的问题加强沟通与合作，重申维护世界和平与安全，捍卫国际法基本准则及《联合国宪章》宗旨和原则，包括坚持主权平等、不干涉别国内政。
35. Cognizant of the profound changes the world is undergoing and the global security challenges and threats faced by the international community, we commit to enhance communication and cooperation in international fora on issues concerning international peace and security. We reiterate our commitment to safeguarding world peace and security and to upholding the basic norms of the international law, and the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations including sovereign equality and non-interference in other countries' internal affairs.

36. 我们欢迎2017年7月27日至28日在北京举行的第七次金砖国家安全事务高级代表会议，赞赏会议就全球治理、反恐、网络安全、能源安全、重大国际和地区热点及国家安全和发展等问题进行探讨并深化了共识。我们注意到巴西提议设立金砖国家情报论坛。我们欢迎中方作为安代会主席国向领导人会晤汇报会议成果，鼓励今后主席国延续这一做法。我们期待在上述领域加强安全领域务实合作。
36. We welcome the 7th Meeting of the BRICS High Representatives for Security Issues held on 27-28 July 2017 in Beijing, and commend the meeting for having discussion and deepening our common understanding on global governance, counter-terrorism, security in the use of ICTs, energy security, major international and regional hotspots as well as national security and development. We note Brazil's proposal to establish a BRICS Intelligence Forum. We welcome Chair's report to us on the proceedings of the Meeting and encourage the succeeding chairpersonships to continue this exercise. We look forward to enhancing practical security cooperation agreed upon in the above areas.

37. 我们欢迎在中国的倡议下于2017年6月18日至19日在北京举办金砖国家外长会晤。外长们就全球政治、安全、经济和金融等领域重大和共同关心的问题及加强金砖国家合作等交换意见。我们期待即将在联合国大会期间举办的外长会晤，欢迎南非在2018年举行下次金砖国家外长单独会晤。
37. We welcome China's hosting of the Meeting of BRICS Ministers of Foreign Affairs/International Relations in Beijing on 18-19 June 2017 at the initiative of China. Ministers exchanged views on major global political, security, economic and financial issues of common concern and on strengthening BRICS cooperation. We look forward to the upcoming meeting of Foreign Ministers on the margins of the UNGA. We welcome South Africa's offer to host the next stand-alone Foreign Ministers Meeting in 2018.

38. 发展和安全密切相关、相互促进，对实现可持续和平至关重要。我们重申在互信、互利、平等、合作的基础上，采取共同、综合、坚定的方式构建可持续和平，解决冲突的政治、经济及社会根源。我们谴责单边军事干预、经济制裁及任意采取单边胁迫措施，这违反了国际法和公认的国际关系准则。我们强调，任何国家都不应以牺牲别国安全为代价加强自身安全。
38. We recall that development and security are closely interlinked, mutually reinforcing and key to attaining sustainable peace. We reiterate our view that the establishment of sustainable peace requires a comprehensive, concerted and determined approach, based on mutual trust, mutual benefit, equity and cooperation, that addresses the causes of conflicts, including their political, economic and social dimensions. We condemn unilateral military interventions, economic sanctions and arbitrary use of unilateral coercive measures in violation of international law and universally recognized norms of international relations. We emphasize that no country should enhance its security at the expense of the security of others.

39. 我们重申对联合国的支持。联合国作为具有普遍代表性的多边组织，肩负维护国际和平与安全，推动全球发展、促进和保护人权的授权。
39. We reaffirm our commitment to the United Nations as the universal multilateral organization entrusted with the mandate for maintaining international peace and security, advance global development and to promote and protect human rights.

40. 我们回顾2005年世界首脑会议成果文件，重申需要对联合国包括其安理会进行全面改革，使之更具代表性、效力和效率，增强发展中国家代表性，以应对全球挑战。中国和俄罗斯重申重视巴西、印度和南非在国际事务中的地位和作用，支持其希望在联合国发挥更大作用的愿望。
40. We recall the 2005 World Summit Outcome document and reaffirm the need for a comprehensive reform of the UN, including its Security Council, with a view to making it more representative, effective and efficient, and to increase the representation of the developing countries so that it can adequately respond to global challenges. China and Russia reiterate the importance they attach to the status and role of Brazil, India and South Africa in international affairs and support their aspiration to play a greater role in the UN.

41. 我们重申达成叙利亚问题持久解决办法的唯一出路是推进“叙人主导、叙人所有”的包容性政治进程，根据联合国安理会第2254(2015)号决议要求，维护叙利亚主权、独立和领土完整，顺应叙利亚人民的合理诉求。我们坚定支持日内瓦和谈与阿斯塔纳进程，欢迎在叙利亚设立冲突降级区，降低冲突程度，为在联合国框架下开展和谈取得有意义进展积聚积极势头，创造良好条件。我们反对任何人、在任何情况下、出于任何目的使用化学武器。
41. We reiterate that the only lasting solution to the crisis in Syria is through an inclusive "Syrian-led, Syrian-owned" political process which safeguards the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of Syria, in pursuance of the United Nations Security Council Resolution 2254(2015), and promotes the legitimate aspirations of the Syrian people. We strongly support the Geneva Peace Talks and the Astana process, and welcome the creation of the de-escalation areas in Syria, which contributed to decrease the levels of violence and generate positive momentum and conditions for meaningful progress in the peace talks under the auspices of the UN. We oppose the use of chemical weapons by anyone, for any purpose and under any circumstance.

42. 我们重申应在联合国相关决议、马德里原则、“阿拉伯和平倡议”以及此前双方达成的协议基础上，通过谈判实现巴以冲突的公正、持久和全面解决，建立一个与以色列和平共处，独立自主、经济上自立、领土完整的巴勒斯坦国，以实现中东地区和平稳定。我们承诺为解决巴以问题做出更大贡献，愿为实现中东问题的公正、持久解决做出更多贡献，支持国际社会促进该地区和平稳定的努力。
42. We reiterate the urgent need for a just, lasting and comprehensive solution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in order to achieve peace and stability in the Middle East on the basis of relevant United Nations resolutions, the Madrid Principles, the Arab Peace Initiative and previous agreements between the parties through negotiations with a view to creating an independent, viable, territorially contiguous Palestinian State living side by side in peace and security with Israel. Committed to making greater contribution to such solution, we express readiness to enhance our contribution towards a just and lasting resolution of the Middle East conflict and support international efforts to promote peace and stability in the region.

43. 我们祝贺伊拉克人民和政府收复摩苏尔以及在打击恐怖主义方面取得进展，重申致力于维护伊拉克的主权、领土完整、政治独立，支持伊拉克政府和人民。我们关注也门局势，敦促各方停止敌对状态，在联合国支持下恢复谈判。我们呼吁海湾地区外交危机当事方通过对话解决纷争，欢迎科威特的斡旋努力。
43. We congratulate the people and Government of Iraq for the recovery of Mosul and for the progress achieved in the fight against terrorism and reaffirm our commitment to Iraq's sovereignty, territorial integrity and political independence and our support for Iraqi government and its people. We express our concern over the situation in Yemen and urge all parties to cease hostilities and to resume negotiations supported by the United Nations. We also call on all parties directly involved in the current diplomatic crisis in the Gulf region to overcome their dissensions through dialogue and welcome the efforts of Kuwaiti mediation in this regard.

44. 我们十分遗憾朝鲜进行核试验。我们对朝鲜半岛紧张局势和长期存在的核问题深表关切，强调这个问题只能通过所有相关方直接对话，以和平方式解决。
44. We strongly deplore the nuclear test conducted by the DPRK. We express deep concern over the ongoing tension and prolonged nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula, and emphasize that it should only be settled through peaceful means and direct dialogue of all the parties concerned.

45. 我们坚定支持伊朗核问题全面协议，呼吁所有相关方全面履行义务，确保协议得到完整、有效执行，促进国际和地区和平与稳定。
45. We firmly support the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) on the Iranian nuclear issue and call upon all relevant parties to comply fully with their obligations and ensure full and effective implementation of the JCPOA to promote international and regional peace and stability.

46. 我们赞赏非洲国家、非洲联盟和次区域组织为解决地区问题和维护地区和平安全所做出的努力，强调联合国和非盟根据《联合国宪章》进行合作的重要性。我们支持全面解决刚果民主共和国、利比亚、南苏丹、索马里、中非共和国、西撒哈拉地区有关问题的努力。
46. We commend the efforts of African countries, the African Union and sub-regional organizations in addressing regional issues and maintaining regional peace and security, and emphasize the importance of collaboration between the United Nations and the African Union in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations. We support efforts towards comprehensively resolving the issues in Democratic Republic of Congo, Libya, South Sudan, Somalia, Central Africa Republic and Western Sahara.

47. 我们强烈谴责导致阿富汗无辜平民死亡的恐怖袭击。暴力需要立即停止。我们重申支持阿富汗人民实现“阿人主导、阿人所有”的和平与民族和解进程的努力，支持在莫斯科举行的阿富汗问题磋商、伊斯坦布尔进程、多式联运项目等促进和平与稳定的国际努力，支持打击恐怖主义和应对毒品威胁，支持阿富汗国家重建努力。我们支持阿富汗国防和安全部队打击恐怖组织的努力。
47. We strongly condemn terrorist attacks resulting in death to innocent Afghan nationals. There is a need for immediate cessation of violence. We reaffirm our support to the people of Afghanistan in their efforts to achieve "Afghan-led and Afghan-owned" peace and national reconciliation, to the ongoing international efforts, including the Moscow Format of consultations on Afghanistan and "Heart of Asia-Istanbul Process", as well as multimodal connectivity projects to promote peace and stability, to the fight against terrorism and drug-threat, and to the national reconstruction efforts by Afghanistan. We support the efforts of the Afghan National Defense and Security Forces in fighting terrorist organizations.

48. 为此，我们对地区安全形势以及塔利班、“伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯兰国/达阿什”、基地组织及其附属的东突厥斯坦伊斯兰运动、乌兹别克斯坦伊斯兰运动、哈卡尼网络、虔诚军、穆罕默德军、巴基斯坦塔利班运动、伊扎布特引发的暴力表示关切。
48. We, in this regard, express concern on the security situation in the region and violence caused by the Taliban, ISIL/DAISH, Al-Qaida and its affiliates including Eastern Turkistan Islamic Movement, Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan, the Haqqani network, Lashkar-e-Taiba, Jaish-e-Mohammad, TTP and Hizb ut-Tahrir.

49. 我们谴责在金砖国家乃至世界各地发生的恐怖袭击，无论在何地、由何人实施。我们谴责一切形式和表现的恐怖主义，强调任何原因都不能作为为恐怖主义正名的理由。我们重申实施、组织或支持恐怖主义行为的人都将被绳之以法。我们回顾各国在预防和打击恐怖主义方面发挥了主导作用并承担了相应责任，强调有必要根据主权平等、不干涉别国内政等国际法原则开展国际合作。我们重申团结一致打击恐怖主义，重视2017年5月18日在北京举行的反恐工作组第二次会议，同意加强合作。
49. We deplore all terrorist attacks worldwide, including attacks in BRICS countries, and condemn terrorism in all its forms and manifestations wherever committed and by whomsoever and stress that there can be no justification whatsoever for any act of terrorism. We reaffirm that those responsible for committing, organizing, or supporting terrorist acts must be held accountable. Recalling the primary leading role and responsibility of states in preventing and countering terrorism, we stress the necessity to develop international cooperation, in accordance with the principles of international law, including that of sovereign equality of states and non-interference in their internal affairs. We reaffirm solidarity and resolve in the fight against terrorism, value the 2nd BRICS Counter-Terrorism Working Group Meeting held in Beijing on 18 May 2017, and agree to strengthen our cooperation.

50. 我们呼吁所有国家综合施策打击恐怖主义，包括打击极端化以及包括外国恐怖作战人员在内的恐怖分子的招募与流动；切断恐怖主义融资渠道，例如包括通过洗钱、武器供应、贩毒、刑事犯罪等方式的有组织犯罪；摧毁恐怖组织基地；打击恐怖主义实体滥用包括社交媒体在内的最新信息通信技术。我们致力于预防和打击日益蔓延的恐怖主义言论，打击恐怖主义融资的一切来源、技术和渠道。我们呼吁在全球范围内迅速、有效地执行联合国安理会相关决议以及金融行动特别工作组相关国际标准。我们寻求加强在金融行动特别工作组以及类似区域机制框架下加强合作，重申所有国家都有责任阻止恐怖主义网络在其领土上筹措资金和从事恐怖活动。
50. We call upon all nations to adopt a comprehensive approach in combating terrorism, which should include countering radicalization, recruitment, movement of terrorists including Foreign Terrorist Fighters, blocking sources of financing terrorism including, for instance, through organized crime by means of money-laundering, supply of weapons, drug trafficking and other criminal activities, dismantling terrorist bases, and countering misuse of the Internet including social media by terrorist entities through misuse of the latest Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). We are committed to prevent and counter the growing spread of terrorist narratives, and to tackle all sources, techniques and channels of terrorist financing. We call for swift and effective implementation of relevant UNSC Resolutions and the FATF International Standards worldwide. We seek to intensify our cooperation in FATF and FATF-style regional bodies (FSRBs). We recall the responsibility of all States to prevent financing of terrorist networks and terrorist actions from their territories.

51. 我们呼吁国际社会建立一个真正广泛的全球反恐联盟，支持联合国在这方面的中心协调作用。我们强调打击恐怖主义必须依据包括《联合国宪章》、国际难民和人道主义法在内的国际法，尊重人权和基本自由。我们重申致力于加强联合国反恐体系的有效性，包括加强联合国相关机构的协调合作、将恐怖分子和恐怖组织列名以及向成员国提供技术援助等。我们呼吁联合国大会加快达成并通过《全面反恐公约》。
51. We call upon the international community to establish a genuinely broad international counter-terrorism coalition and support the UN's central coordinating role in this regard. We stress that the fight against terrorism must be conducted in accordance with international law, including the Charter of the United Nations, international refugee and humanitarian law, human rights and fundamental freedoms. We reaffirm our commitment on increasing the effectiveness of the UN counter-terrorism framework, including in the areas of cooperation and coordination among the relevant UN entities, designation of terrorists and terrorist groups and technical assistance to Members States. We call for expeditious finalization and adoption of the Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism (CCIT) by the United Nations General Assembly.

52. 我们认识到金砖国家对联合国维和行动的重要贡献，以及联合国维和行动为维护国际和平与安全发挥的重要作用。我们强调金砖国家有必要就维和事务进一步加强沟通。
52. We recognize the important contribution of BRICS countries to United Nations peacekeeping operations, and the importance of United Nations peacekeeping operations to international peace and security. We emphasize the need for BRICS countries to further enhance communication on peacekeeping matters.

53. 我们重申致力于按照联合国毒品控制公约，通过整体、全面、平衡的方式制定减少毒品供需的战略，解决国际毒品问题。我们强调第30届世界毒品问题特别联大成果文件的重要性，呼吁加强国际和地区协调合作，应对非法生产和贩运毒品，特别是鸦片制剂对国际社会造成的威胁。我们深为关切地注意到，在世界有些地区，贩毒、洗钱、有组织犯罪和恐怖主义之间的关联日益紧密。
53. We reiterate our commitment to address the world drug problem based on the United Nations drug control conventions, through an integrated, comprehensive and balanced approach to drug supply and demand reduction strategies. We stress the importance of the outcome document of the 30th Special Session of the United Nations General Assembly on the world drug problem, and call for strengthening of international and regional cooperation and coordination to counter the global threat caused by the illicit production and trafficking of drugs, especially opiates. We note with deep concern the increasing links in some regions of the world between drug trafficking, money laundering and organized crime and terrorism.

54. 我们重申各国应本着平等相待和相互尊重的原则开展合作，促进和保护人权与基本自由。我们同意继续以公平、平等的方式对待包括发展权在内的各类人权，承认其相同地位及同等重要性。我们认为需要以非选择性、非政治性和建设性方式促进、保障及实现各国人权，避免双重标准。我们将在金砖国家及联合国人权理事会等多边框架下就共同关心的问题加强合作。
54. We reiterate the need for all countries to cooperate in promoting and protecting human rights and fundamental freedoms under the principles of equality and mutual respect. We agree to continue to treat all human rights, including the right to development, in a fair and equal manner, on the same footing and with the same emphasis. We will strengthen cooperation on issues of common interests both within BRICS and in multilateral fora including the United Nations Human Rights Council, taking into account the necessity to promote, protect and fulfill human rights in a non-selective, non-politicized and constructive manner, and without double standards.

55. 我们充分意识到国际社会在国际移民领域面临的全球性安全挑战，强调有效移民管理为促进国际安全和社会发展发挥日益重要的作用。
55. Keenly aware of the global security challenges faced by the international community in the area of international migration, we emphasize the growing role of effective migration regulation for the benefit of international security and development of the society.

56. 我们支持联合国在制定各方普遍接受的网络空间负责任国家行为规范方面发挥中心作用，以确保建设和平、安全、开放、合作、稳定、有序、可获得、公平的信息通信技术环境。我们强调《联合国宪章》确立的国际法原则至关重要，特别是国家主权、政治独立、领土完整和国家主权平等、不干涉别国内政、尊重人权和基本自由。我们强调应加强国际合作，打击滥用信息通信技术的恐怖主义和犯罪活动，重申德班宣言、福塔莱萨宣言、乌法宣言和果阿宣言为此提出的建议。正如乌法宣言提及，应在联合国主导下制定国际法律文书以打击使用信息通信技术的犯罪行为。我们满意地注意到金砖国家关于信息通信技术使用安全性专家工作组取得的进展。我们决定根据《金砖国家确保信息通信技术安全使用务实合作路线图》或者任何其他达成共识的机制推进合作，注意到俄罗斯关于金砖国家达成确保信息通信技术安全使用的政府间合作协议的倡议。
56. We consider the UN has a central role in developing universally accepted norms of responsible state behavior in the use of ICTs to ensure a peaceful, secure, open, cooperative, stable, orderly, accessible and equitable ICT environment. We emphasize the paramount importance of the principles of international law enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations, particularly the state sovereignty, the political independence, territorial integrity and sovereign equality of states, non-interference in internal affairs of other states and respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. We emphasize the need to enhance international cooperation against terrorist and criminal misuse of ICTs, reaffirm the general approach laid in the eThekwini, Fortaleza, Ufa and Goa declarations in this regard, and recognize the need for a universal regulatory binding instrument on combatting the criminal use of ICTs under the UN auspices as stated in the Ufa Declaration. We note with satisfaction the progress achieved by the Working Group of Experts of the BRICS States on Security in the use of ICTs. We decide to promote cooperation according to the BRICS Roadmap of Practical Cooperation on Ensuring Security in the Use of ICTs or any other mutually agreed mechanism and acknowledge the initiative of the Russian Federation on a BRICS intergovernmental agreement on cooperation in ensuring security in the use of ICTs.

57. 我们相信所有国家应平等参与互联网及其治理的演进和运行，并考虑相关利益攸关方根据其各自作用和职责参与其中的必需性。互联网核心资源的管控架构需更具代表性和包容性。我们满意地注意到金砖国家信息通信技术合作工作组取得进展，认识到加强该领域合作的必要性。为此，金砖国家将继续通过现有机制共同努力，在国际社会平等参与互联网管理的基础上，促进安全、开放、和平、合作使用信息通信技术。
57. We believe that all states should participate on an equal footing in the evolution and functioning of the Internet and its governance, bearing in mind the need to involve relevant stakeholders in their respective roles and responsibilities. The structures that manage and regulate the critical Internet resources need to be made more representative and inclusive. We note with satisfaction the progress made by the BRICS Working Group on ICT Cooperation. We recognize the necessity to strengthen our cooperation in this area. To that end, BRICS will continue to work together through the existing mechanism to contribute to the secure, open, peaceful and cooperative use of ICTs on the basis of equal participation of the international community in its management.

58. 我们重申外空应由各国根据国际法并在平等基础上，自由地进行和平开发和利用。我们重申外空不应出现任何武器或使用武力，强调缔结一项或多项旨在防止外空军备竞赛的国际协定是联合国裁军谈判会议的一项优先任务，并支持以中国和俄罗斯提交的“防止在外空放置武器、对外空物体使用或威胁使用武力条约”更新草案为基础，开始实质性工作。我们也注意到关于不首先在外空部署武器政治义务的国际倡议。
58. We reiterate that outer space shall be free for peaceful exploration and used by all States on the basis of equality in accordance with international law. Reaffirming that outer space shall remain free from any kind of weapons or any use of force, we stress that negotiations for the conclusion of an international agreement or agreements to prevent an arms race in outer space are a priority task of the United Nations Conference on Disarmament, and support the efforts to start substantive work, inter alia, based on the updated draft treaty on the prevention of the placement of weapons in outer space and of the threat or use of force against outer space objects submitted by China and the Russian Federation. We also note an international initiative for a political obligation on the no first placement of weapons in outer space.

59. 我们优先考虑确保外空活动长期可持续性，以及为子孙后代保护外空的方式方法。我们注意到这是联合国和平利用外空委员会当前重要目标。为此，我们欢迎联合国和平利用外空委员会科技小组委员会外空活动长期可持续性工作组决定到2018年就外空活动长期可持续性整套指南结束磋商并达成共识，以纪念首届联合国探索及和平利用外空大会召开50周年。
59. Priority should be accorded to ensuring the long-term sustainability of outer space activities, as well as ways and means of preserving outer space for future generations. We note that this is an important objective on the current agenda of the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (UNCOPUOS). In this respect, we welcome the decision by the UNCOPUOS Scientific and Technical Sub-Committee Working Group on Long-term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities to conclude negotiations and achieve consensus on the full set of guidelines for the long term sustainability of outer space activities by 2018 to coincide with the commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of the first United Nations Conference on the Exploration and Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (UNISPACE + 50).