社交媒体使用方式透露你是哪一种人 Are you a lurker or a geek? Scientists reveal the four social media types that explain people’s behaviour online

科学家根据社交媒体使用方式，将网友分成了四类：潜伏者、极客、网红和受害者。你属于哪一类呢？

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You're either a lurker, a geek, an internet celebrity or a victim.
在社交媒体上，你要么是一个潜伏者，要么是个极客，要么是网红，要么是个受害者。

That's according to scientists who claim that we fall into one of four 'online personalities' when using sites such as Facebook and Twitter.
科学家表示，用户使用脸书和推特等社交网站时可以分为四大“网络人格”。

And according to their research, more young people are opting to be 'lurkers' and 'geeks' by reducing what they share online in an effort to avoid being a 'victim'.
研究显示，为了避免沦为“受害者”，更多的年轻人选择做“潜伏者”和“极客”，减少自己在网上分享的内容。

The study was led by Dr Liam Berriman and Professor Rachel Thomson from the University of Sussex.
来自苏塞克斯大学的利亚姆·贝里曼博士和瑞秋·汤姆森教授开展了这项研究。

The scientists studied the online activity and visibility of children aged between ten and 15.
科学家们研究了10到15岁少年的网上活动和可见度。

Dr Berriman said: 'Our research found that concerns about staying safe online created an atmosphere of intense anxiety for young people, even if they had not directly experienced any problems themselves.
贝里曼博士说：“我们的研究发现，对网上活动可能会威胁人身安全的担心让年轻人普遍感到强烈焦虑，即使他们没有直接经历过任何相关问题。”

'The young people we spoke to felt a great weight of responsibility for their safety online and were often motivated by the concern of being labelled a victim.'
“受访年轻人认为要对自己在网上的安全负责，而且常常害怕会沦为受害者。”

The desire for safety and protection from the dangers of the web has led many young people to experiment with invisibility online.
出于对安全的渴求，为了保护自己远离网络危险，许多年轻人尝试在网上“隐身”。

The academics used two measures to find their groups: participation and visibility.
科学家用两个指标来定义不同人群：参与度和可见度。

The geek has high participation but low visibility; the internet celeb has high participation and high visibility; the victim with low participation but high visibility; and the lurker who has low participation and low visibility.
极客参与度很高，但能见度很低；网络红人参与度和能见度都很高；受害者参与度低，但能见度高；潜伏者参与度和能见度都低。

The 'lurker' is described as someone who avoids confrontation in public forums and prefers closed group chats.
“潜伏者”被描述为在公共论坛中避免直接对话，更喜欢封闭的小组聊天。

They are also prone to stalking their favourite music bands online.
他们更倾向于在网上偷偷关注自己喜欢的乐队。

The 'geek', meanwhile, uses invisibility to anonymously share and promote their amateur media creations online, such as music videos or fan fiction writing.
此外，“极客”会在网上匿名分享和推广他们的业余媒体创作，比如音乐视频或粉丝小说。

The academics described how the geeks' long hours of labour on projects risked parental concern that their behaviour was obsessive or addictive.
研究人员表示，极客在这些项目上花的大把时间可能会让父母担忧他们上网成瘾。

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'While there has been a lot of negative media coverage around teenagers' interaction with social media, our findings are more hopeful that teenagers are responsible users of social media, are very conscious of the dangers and make considerable efforts to protect themselves against those risks,' said Dr Berriman.
贝里曼博士说：“尽管关于青少年运用社交媒体有很多负面的媒体报道，但我们的研究可喜地发现，青少年是有责任心的社交媒体用户，他们非常清楚网络的危险，并积极努力地保护自己，规避这些风险。”

Despite the moves being made by some young people to live a safe and secure cyber existence, some young adults still find themselves in trouble.
尽管一些年轻人会采取行动保证自己在网络空间中的安全，但仍有一些年轻成人会陷入麻烦。

The 'victim' group includes cyber-bullying sufferers and also people left to suffer personal exposure and shame following the creation and display of intimate material.
这些“受害者”包括遭受网络欺凌的人，还有在制作和展示私密内容后被曝光个人生活并因此受辱的人。

The highly-visible victim can be a consequence of being part of the fourth group - the internet celeb.
能见度高的受害者可能是由于身为第四类人——网络红人。

The 'internet celeb' is fuelled by a desire to make a living from social media and offers complete transparency into their lives through vlogs or other social media platforms.
“网络红人”想靠社交媒体来谋生，将自己的生活通过视频博客等社交媒体平台完全透明地展示给众人。

These people are highly active and highly-visible and, if they are not careful, can result in victimisation.
这些人非常活跃，能见度也很高，如果不小心的话，就会沦为受害者。

Professor Rachel Thomson, professor of childhood and youth studies at the University of Sussex, said: 'What is distinctive about these active social media users was the entrepreneurial character of their practice, with 'play' re-envisaged as a form of economically rewarding work.
苏塞克斯大学童年和青年学教授瑞秋·汤姆森说：“这些活跃的社交媒体用户的不同之处在于他们运用社交媒体的创业性，在别人眼里只是玩玩，在他们眼里却是有经济回报的工作。”

'By gaining an audience, young people are aware that they could capture advertising and corporate sponsorship. The dream is to 'go viral', establishing a career as a cultural creator.'
“通过拉拢一群观众，这些年轻人意识到他们可以抓住做广告和拉赞助的机会。他们的梦想就是‘病毒式传播’，从而作为文化内容创作者干一番事业。”

The research has been published in the book titled Researching Everyday Childhoods.
该研究报告发表在《日常童年研究》一书中。

英文来源：每日邮报
翻译&编辑：丹妮