雅加达“不堪重负” 印尼总统决定迁都 Indonesia will build its new capital city in Borneo as Jakarta sinks into the Java Sea

由于人口密集、地面下沉，印度尼西亚首都雅加达近年来愈发“不堪重负”。印度尼西亚总统佐科•维多多于8月26日正式宣布国家迁都计划，新都落址在婆罗洲东加里曼丹省。

A jungle-covered area on the east of Borneo island is set to be transformed into Indonesia's new capital city.

印度尼西亚新首都将落址在婆罗洲岛东部一片丛林覆盖的地区。

Concerns over the sustainability of the congested and rapidly sinking political center of Jakarta prompted the need for a new capital. The relocation was announced Monday by President Joko Widodo.

印尼首都雅加达过于拥挤，且迅速下沉，人们对其可持续性发展充满担忧，因此迁都计划提上日程。印尼总统佐科•维多多在本周一宣布了这一计划。

根据规划，印尼新首都将在2020年到2021年间“破土动工”，并将于2024年左右将政府机关陆续迁入。

The proposed location, near the relatively underdeveloped cities of Balikpapan and Samarinda, is a far cry from the crowded powerhouse which has served as Indonesia's financial heart since 1949 -- and Widodo acknowledged that moving the country's capital to the island will be a mammoth and expensive undertaking.

新首都选址位于相对不发达的巴厘巴板和沙马林达附近，与1949年以来一直是印尼金融中心的拥挤大都市雅加达相去甚远。维多多承认，迁都至该岛将是一项庞大而昂贵的工程。

a far cry from：与……有很大差别

mammoth['mæməθ]：adj.巨大的，庞大的；艰巨的

But Jakarta's rapid expansion in recent years has presented myriad environmental, economic and safety concerns, prompting the government to look elsewhere and ease the strain on the massive metropolis.

但近年来雅加达的快速扩张引发了环境、经济和安全等种种担忧，促使政府将目光投向别处，缓解这座大都市的压力。

myriad ['mɪrɪəd]：adj.无数的；种种的

"As a large nation that has been independent for 74 years, Indonesia has never chosen its own capital," Widodo said in a televised speech, AFP reported. "The burden Jakarta is holding right now is too heavy as the center of governance, business, finance, trade and services."

据法新社报道，维多多在电视讲话中说：“作为一个已经独立74年的大国，印尼从未选择过自己的首都。作为行政、商业、金融、贸易和服务中心，雅加达目前承受的负担太重。

The ambitious project to move the capital will likely cost around 486 trillion rupiah ($34 billion), CNN Indonesia reported, and officials have previously said the relocation could take around 10 years.

据美国有线电视新闻网印尼频道报道，这一雄心勃勃的迁都计划或将耗资约486万亿印尼盾（约合人民币2442亿元）。印尼官员此前曾表示，迁都可能需要大约10年。

据报道，印尼政府将负担其中19%的费用，其余资金来自“政府和社会资本合作”(PPP)模式和私人投资者。

Jakarta is home to more than 10 million people, according to the United Nations, with an estimated 30 million in the greater metropolitan area -- making it one of the world's most overpopulated urban regions.

联合国数据显示，雅加达有1000多万人口，大都市区估计有3000万人口，是全球人口最密集的城市地区之一。

It's also one of the fastest-sinking cities on Earth, according to the World Economic Forum, dropping into the Java Sea at an alarming rate due to over-extraction of groundwater.

根据达沃斯世界经济论坛的数据，雅加达也是全球下沉速度最快的城市之一，由于地下水的过度开采，它以惊人的速度沉入爪哇海。

据报道，目前该市约40%的部分甚至已经处于海平面以下。

The city sits on swampy ground and hugs the sea to the north, making it especially prone to flooding.

雅加达坐落在沼泽地，北面紧靠大海，极易发生洪水。

swampy ground：沼泽地，低湿地

A worsening air pollution crisis, exacerbated by near-constant traffic congestion on its roads, has grown so dire that some residents sued the Indonesian government in July.

道路上常年的交通堵塞使不断恶化的空气污染危机变得非常可怕，一些居民在7月份起诉了印尼政府。

《雅加达邮报》称，新都城落成后将主要作为印尼的“行政中心”，而雅加达仍然是国家的商业和经济中心，央行及其他重要商业机构均不随政府机构迁址。

No name has been given for the new site, but the government originally announced plans to relocate the capital in April. The move requires parliamentary approval to be given the go-ahead.

印尼政府目前尚未公布新都选址的名称，但是政府最初在4月份宣布了迁都计划。该计划需要得到议会的批准才能进行。

Indonesia owns the majority of Borneo, the world's third-largest island, with Malaysia and Brunei each holding parts of its northern region. The island is covered in vast rainforests, but it has been hit by rampant deforestation in recent years.

印度尼西亚拥有世界第三大岛屿婆罗洲的大部分领土，马来西亚和文莱各拥有婆罗洲北部的部分领土。该岛覆盖着大片热带雨林，但近年来受到了猖獗的森林砍伐的严重影响。

来源：CNN、环球时报

翻译&编辑：yaning