随身英语
Achieving net zero 气候变化挑战下如何实现 “净零排放”
许多政府正在试图减少温室气体排放，以应对气候变化。但我们能否实现不产生任何多余排放的目标？本期 “随身英语” 探讨英国政府为达到 “净零排放（net zero）” 做出的种种举措。
词汇：climate 气候
We are all aware of the effect greenhouse gas emissions is having on our planet and the efforts needed to tackle climate change. Most of us are doing our bit to minimise our impact on the environment, but despite our collective effort, are we doing enough to achieve net zero by 2050?
Net zero means not adding to the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Many countries are doing their bit by changing how they generate and use power, thereby cutting carbon dioxide output. And they announced what further steps they were going to take at the recent COP26 summit in Glasgow.
In the UK, the government has been setting out its plans to achieve net zero by 2050. It’s recently announced an end date for the sale of gas boilers, which are used for heating homes. The idea is to replace them with heat pumps. It’s offering homeowners grants of up to £5,000 to get them installed. Another initiative in the UK is a big push towards electric vehicles. There are to be financial incentives for car manufacturers, and more charging points are to be installed in streets. And there’s to be a ban on the sale of new petrol and diesel cars by 2030.
But not all emissions can be reduced to zero, so those remaining will have to be compensated for, or offset. One way to do this is to plant thousands of trees, which are good at absorbing carbon dioxide. The UK government has pledged to plant 30,000 hectares of trees a year by 2025. There are other ideas too, but what’s certain is this will cost money. The CBI’s Tom Thackray told the BBC that “those costs have to be weighed up against the cost of inaction.”
Whether the UK, or anyone else, reaches net zero remains to be seen. And there’s some doubt about how this can be accurately measured anyway. But it’s generally recognised that a global effort is needed to tackle climate change. Therefore, net zero targets only make sense if every other country is moving in the same direction.
词汇表
emission 排放
climate change 气候变化
do one’s bit 尽一份力
net zero “净零排放”（温室气体净排放为零）
greenhouse gas 温室气体
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
gas boiler 燃气锅炉
heat pump 热泵
electric vehicle 电动车辆，电动汽车
incentive 鼓励，激励
offset 抵消
inaction 不作为，不行动
global effort 全球携手努力
target 目标
测验与练习
1. 阅读课文并回答问题。
1. In which city did many world leaders recently meet to discuss reaching net zero?
2. Name one thing the UK government is going to end the sale of.
3. What is the UK government hoping to plant by 2025?
4. True or false? A few countries need to take action to tackle climate change.
5. What device needs to be installed more commonly in streets in order to power electric cars?
2. 选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。
1. We’re _______ to tidy up the village by picking up litter.
done our bit doing our bit doing your bit did our bit
2. The _______ for writing this script is we’re allowed to go home early.
inaction offset incentive targets
3. Kevin has set us a _______ to do double the amount of work this week.
target targeted targets targeting
4. We’re going to _______ the cost of the holiday by not spending as much on going out for meals.
offset do our bit inaction emissions
5. It takes a _______ to deal with climate change.
globe effort global effect global efforts global effort
答案
1. 阅读课文并回答问题。
1. In which city did many world leaders recently meet to discuss reaching net zero?
Glasgow, UK.
2. Name one thing the UK government is going to end the sale of.
It plans to end the sale of gas boilers, and petrol and diesel vehicles.
3. What is the UK government hoping to plant by 2025?
The UK government has pledged to plant 30,000 hectares of trees a year by 2025.
4. True or false? A few countries need to take action to tackle climate change.
False. It’s generally recognised that a global effort is needed to tackle climate change.
5. What device needs to be installed more commonly in streets in order to power electric cars?
More charging points need to be installed in streets to power electric cars.
2. 选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。
1. We’re doing our bit to tidy up the village by picking up litter.
2. The incentive for writing this script is we’re allowed to go home early.
3. Kevin has set us a target to do double the amount of work this week.
4. We’re going to offset the cost of the holiday by not spending as much on going out for meals.
5. It takes a global effort to deal with climate change.
