在英语中,混合条件句(mixed conditionals)或错综条件句通过不同的时态,来谈论与过去相反的情况所导致的现在可能发生的结果。这类句子的结构看似复杂,但如果理解了主句和从句之间的关系,就不难掌握它的用法。本集 “一分钟英语” 视频教你如何使用混合条件句。
Hi! I'm Georgina from BBC Learning English. In today's lesson, we're looking at mixed conditionals.
We usually use mixed conditionals to talk about a past imaginary situation that has a present imaginary result.
For example: If I had eaten breakfast, I wouldn't be hungry now.
The first phrase uses the same structure as the third conditional – if + past perfect. This is because it is a past imaginary situation. It's not true. I didn't eat breakfast.
The second phrase uses the same structure as the second conditional – would + infinitive (no to). This is because it is a present imaginary result. It's not true. I am hungry because I didn't eat breakfast.
Don't forget to put the comma in after the 'if' clause.
Bye for now!
混合条件句的前半部分结构为 “if + 过去完成时”,用来提出与过去事实相反或不符的情况;后半部分结构为 “would + 动词原形”,引出若之前提出的假象条件成立,现在可能发生的结果。注意,“if” 从句在前时,从句后加逗号;“if” 从句在后时,不加逗号。
If I had eaten breakfast, I wouldn't be hungry now.
(实际上之前没有吃早饭,所以现在很饿)
If he had studied harder, he would have a better job.
(实际上之前没有努力学习,所以现在的工作一般)
She wouldn't be late for the meeting if it hadn't been raining so hard.
(实际上之前雨很大,所以没能按时到达)