个人养老金制度来了！

国务院办公厅日前印发《关于推动个人养老金发展的意见》。分析人士认为，个人养老金制度落地将进一步推进多层次、多支柱养老保险体系建设。

China on Thursday rolled out a private pension scheme to complement the nation's current pension system in its latest effort to tackle the strains of an aging population.

《国务院办公厅关于推动个人养老金发展的意见》4月21日公布。随着人口老龄化的加剧，推动个人养老金发展，是对基本养老保险的有效补充。

The scheme allows Chinese citizens to contribute up to 12,000 yuan annually to individual pension accounts that would be subject to closed-end management, according to guidelines released by the State Council.

意见规定, 个人养老金实行个人账户制度，实行封闭运行，每年缴纳个人养老金的上限为12000元。

The cap would be adjusted according to social and economic development as well as how the country's pension system evolves.

未来还会根据经济社会发展水平和养老保险体系发展情况等因素适时调整缴费上限。

The funds can be used to purchase financial products that are of relatively lower risk and have a longer-term investment horizon, according to the guidelines.

意见规定，个人养老金资金账户资金可用于购买风险相对较低、投资期限较长的金融产品。

Workers who currently contribute to the basic pension insurance can participate in the scheme on a voluntary basis, the guidelines said.

参加城镇职工基本养老保险或者城乡居民基本养老保险的劳动者，可以参加个人养老金制度。

The government will offer tax incentives to encourage participation in the new system, the guidelines said.

国家制定税收优惠政策，鼓励符合条件的人员参加个人养老金制度。

The scheme will be piloted in some cities for a year before it is implemented nationwide, it said.

该制度将在部分城市先试行1年。

The private pension mechanism will complement the country's current pension system consisting of the basic old-age pension, enterprise annuities as well as commercial insurance for the elderly, offering another layer of support for the aging population, analysts said.

分析人士称，当前我国已初步建立起包括基本养老保险、企业(职业)年金、个人商业养老保险的养老保险体系。作为该体系的补充，个人养老金制度将为老龄化人口提供另一层次支撑。

Policymakers in China are actively taking measures to address the issues of an aging society. According to the latest census, by 2020, the number of Chinese people aged 60 or above had reached 264 million, accounting for 18.7 percent of the country's total.

中国政府正在积极采取措施应对人口老龄化问题。根据最新人口普查数据，截至2020年，中国60岁及以上人口已达2.64亿，占全国人口总数的18.7%。

With such an aging population, government expenditure alone is hard to meet the rising obligations, and the development of the private pension scheme would help ease the strains, said Everbright Securities in a note.

光大证券指出，随着我国人口老龄化问题日趋严重，政府支出难以覆盖快速增长的养老金缺口，而个人养老金制度的发展将有助于缓解压力。

证监会（China Securities Regulatory Commission）表示，《意见》出台有助于加快构建养老金（pension funds）、资本市场（capital market）与实体经济（real economy）良性互动、协同发展的新发展格局。资本市场将助力养老金分享实体经济发展成果，促进实现养老金长期保值增值，积极应对人口老龄化（population aging）。养老金具有长期性、规模性（are usually large in scale and long-term in investment horizon）和规范性，通过积极投资资本市场，养老金能够为实体经济提供更多长期稳定的发展资金（provide stable support to the real economy）。

It also said that the commission will work on the matching rules for private pensions to invest in the country's publicly-offered funds, which now run over 4 trillion yuan of pension assets.

证监会还表示，证监会将抓紧制定出台个人养老金投资公募基金配套规则制度。目前，公募基金受托管理各类养老金资产超4万亿元。

【相关词汇】

公募基金 publicly-offered funds

养老金 pension

老龄化社会 aging society

参考来源：新华社、中国经济网

编辑：Kirsten