2019年7月新闻热词汇总
中国日报网 2019-08-01 09:40
堵城 the most congested cities
China's southwestern municipality of Chongqing, home to more than 3 million registered cars, had the worst traffic congestion among 50 major cities in the second quarter this year, a recent traffic analysis report says.
该交通分析报告指出,在50个主要城市中,今年第2季度交通拥堵程度最严重的城市为西南地区的重庆,该市的机动车登记保有量超过300万。
With average rush-hour vehicular speeds as low as 24.95 kilometers per hour-almost as slow as riding a bicycle-people in the city need to spend nearly twice as long getting to their destinations during rush hour than when traffic is flowing freely, according to the report.
报告指出,重庆市交通高峰期的机动车运行平均速度为24.95公里/小时,几乎相当于骑自行车的速度,居民在高峰期出行时到达目的地所用的时间为非拥堵时段的近两倍。
【单词讲解】
我们都知道早晚交通出行的高峰时段在英语里一般用rush hour或者peak hour表示,与其相对的“非高峰时段”就可以用non-rush hour或者off-peak hour表示。“交通拥堵”多用traffic jam或者traffic congestion表示,jam比congestion的用法要多一些,因为jam还可以指我们平常吃的“果酱”。另外,最近几年伦敦等大城市开始实行的“拥堵费”可以用congestion charge来表示。
该报告针对我国城市地面公共出行(ground traffic)、城市道路交通(road traffic)、高速公路(expressway)运行三个方面,通过不同的评价指数,进行了一次全面的扫描和诊断。
报告显示,2019年第二季度中国10大拥堵城市(top 10 most congested cities)分别为重庆市、哈尔滨市、北京市、长春市、呼和浩特市、大连市、济南市、沈阳市、兰州市、西宁市。
报告首次发布“绿色出行意愿指数(green travel willingness index)”,选取全国50个城市,依据高德地图公交&地铁(bus and subway)、骑行(cycling)、步行(walking)路线规划总次数占比,归一化处理后得出各城市的“绿色出行意愿指数”。指数越高表明城市绿色出行需求强度越大,反之绿色出行需求强度越小。
其中,排名第一的是南京,其公交&地铁、骑行、步行出行意愿指数均高于50城市均值,尤其是骑行出行意愿指数相比其他两项表现较好。兰州、西安、上海、北京、武汉、厦门、长沙、杭州、南昌依次排名前十。
第二学士学位 the Second Bachelor’s Degree
Chinese universities and colleges will stop enrolling college graduates for a second bachelor's degree from July, according to a guideline issued by the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council.
国务院学位委员会发布的管理办法规定,从本月起,我国高校不再招收第二学士学位生。
【名词解释】
第二学士学位(the Second Bachelor’s Degree):学位等级的名称。第二学士学位的授予标准是:已修完一个学科门类中某专业的本科课程,准予毕业并获得该学科门类的学士学位,再攻读另一个学科门类中的某本科专业(根据国家需要,也允许选择同一学科门类中的另一本科专业),完成教学计划规定的各项要求,成绩合格,准予毕业者,可授予第二学士学位。第二学士学位的修业年限,一般为二年。(来源:中国学位与研究生教育信息网)
双学位(double degree program)指的是在高等教育阶段,同时学习两个学科专业的学位课程(working for two university degrees in parallel),达到要求者可同时获得两个学科的学位。在我国,双学位多见于本科学习阶段(undergraduate education)。在欧盟国家,不少高校都开设硕士双学位课程。
第二学士学位是在改革开放初期,针对我国研究生教育非常薄弱的情况,以及我国人才结构实际,根据国家建设需要,提出的一种应急性人才培养渠道。
The program to enroll graduates for a second bachelor degree was set up as a complement to China's postgraduate programs.However, along with the rapid development of China's postgraduate education, the second bachelor degree program has fulfiled its mission, said the committee.
据国务院学位委员会介绍,随着我国研究生教育的蓬勃发展,对于弥补研究生教育不足而设立的第二学士学位,已基本完成了历史使命。
为分类推动复合型人才培养,管理办法提出,设置辅修学士学位(get a bachelor's degree with a minor)、双学士学位(double bachelor's degree)、联合学士学位(joint bachelor's degree)三种学士学位类型。
对于全日制学生在本校自主选择读多个学位的,可以采取辅修学士学位方式(students can voluntarily minor in other studies at their own universities);
对于学校主导开展的复合型人才培养,可以采取双学士学位方式(conduct training programs to grant two bachelor degrees to students),对招生、培养、毕业等进行整体设计,由省级学位委员会审批。
对于校际之间正式开展的复合型人才联合培养项目(joint training programs to cultivate versatile talents),可以采取联合学士学位方式,推进优质资源共享,报省级学位委员会审批。
外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves
The State Administration of Foreign Exchange, China's forex regulator, disclosed for the first time on Sunday that the country had achieved a 10-year average return rate of 3.68 percent on its foreign exchange reserve investments from 2005 to 2014, according to the administration's 2018 annual report published on its website.
国家外汇管理局7月28日在其官网公布的2018年年报中首次披露,2005年至2014年,我国外汇储备经营平均收益率为3.68%。
The administration also for the first time disclosed the currency composition of the country's foreign exchange reserves in the annual report. The reserves denominated by the US dollar accounted for 58 percent of the total by the end of 2014, down from 79 percent in 1995.
国家外汇管理局年报中也首次披露了我国外汇储备货币结构,美元占比从1995年的79%下降至2014年的58%。
【名词解释】
外汇储备(foreign exchange reserves)是指一国政府所持有的国际储备资产中的外汇部分(reserve assets in foreign currencies),即一国政府保有的以外币表示的债权,是一个国家货币当局持有并可以随时兑换外国货币的资产。狭义而言,外汇储备指一个国家的外汇积累;广义而言,外汇储备是指以外汇计价的资产,包括现钞(cash)、黄金(gold)、国外有价证券(foreign securities)等。
年报指出,我国黄金储备不断增加。
China's gold reserves increased to $87.27 billion by the end of June, up from $79.32 billion in January. China had the world's sixth-largest gold reserves by the end of 2018 with a total of 1,852 metric tons.
我国的黄金储备从1月份的793.2亿美元增长至6月底的872.7亿美元。2018年末,我国的黄金储备为1852吨,黄金储备规模位居全球第六。
国家外汇管理局新闻发言人、总经济师王春英表示,我国外汇储备始终坚持多元化、分散化的投资理念。
China's forex reserve currency structure is diversified, even more diversified than the world's average level. It is in line with requirements of China's economic and trade development, as well as the demand of international payments.
我国外汇储备货币结构日趋多元,比全球外汇储备的平均水平更加分散。这符合我国对外经济贸易发展及国际支付要求。
90后理财 post-90s' wealth management
近日,中国新经济研究院联合支付宝发布首份《90后攒钱报告》。报告显示,92%的“90后”每个月都会有结余,80%的人会将结余进行理财。
The country's young people born between 1990 and 1999 began to manage their money at 23 years old on average, about 10 years earlier than their parents, according to the report.
报告显示,“90后”首次开始理财的平均年龄是23岁,比父母辈第一次接触理财早了10年。
The digital credit platform Huabei is also a popular service among the younger generation as they know how to make the most out of the credit service while avoiding overspending, the report showed.
年轻一代还很喜欢用数字信用服务平台“花呗”,因为他们知道如何充分利用信用服务来避免过度支出。
“90后”出生的时候,互联网已经较为普遍,所以这一代人被称为“数字原住民”(digital natives)。
There's a whole generation of individuals for whom concepts such as the internet and wireless technology are just humdrum, because they've never lived in a world where they didn't exist. These are the so-called digital natives.
有一代人从出生就已经习惯有互联网和无线技术的陪伴,对他们来说,这些数字技术丝毫不稀奇。这一代就是我们所说的“数字原住民”。
调研显示,90%的“90后”使用花呗并非因为想要提前消费,而是因为希望“省钱”(save money)和“占便宜”(make the most of the service)。大量“90后”在调研中表示“自己先用花呗额度消费,把钱先存起来,这样可以多赚一个月的收益”。
对比他们的余额宝和花呗发现,“90后”每月在余额宝攒的钱,平均是其花呗账单的4.5倍(the money they put in Yu'ebao is 4.5 times as much as they pay through Huabei)。
上海社科院原副院长、研究员何健华表示,
The younger generation, growing amid rapid internet developments and abundant applications, are independent and smart with their money.
年轻一代成长于互联网飞速发展及各种应用层出不穷的年代,这代年轻人也有强烈的独立意识,对财富精打细算。