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At least 58 people died and many were missing when a fishing boat carrying more than 100 people who had been promised refuge in Europe sank after hitting rocks off the coast of western Turkey, officials said on Thursday.

Dozens of survivors, mostly from Iraq and Syria, were able to swim through the Aegean waters to shore, only 50 meters away.

The survivors said several people had been trapped below the deck of the submerged vessel, and divers launched an operation to try to find them, though the death toll was expected to rise. Many on board were women and children.

The group had previously made their way to hotels in the city of Izmir, where smugglers agreed to take them to Britain. Authorities arrested two Turkish suspects in the smuggling operation, Turkey's TRT television reported.

Those who survived - a total of 51, according to initial reports - were on the deck, rather than below with other members of their group. It was not immediately clear when the boat sank, but many such vessels carrying illegal immigrants make the journey at night to avoid detection by authorities.

Television footage showed several rescue vessels near the dim outline of the submerged boat, which lay just below the surface of the water. Ambulances waited at the top of a cliff, but there were no indications that anyone else had survived.

Illegal immigrants from Asia and Africa have long sought to reach Europe by passing through Turkey, and their desperate efforts have occasionally ended in disaster. Each year, thousands try to sail to Greek islands from Turkish soil in rickety boats.

Turkey is now hosting 80,000 Syrians who have fled the civil war in their country, with most staying in camps near the border. Some countries are concerned that larger numbers of Syrians could try to reach Europe illegally. Greece said in July that it was quadrupling the number of guards at its border with Turkey and boosting other defense in part because of worries about a potential influx.

Questions:

1. How many people died?

2. Which countries did the survivors come from?

3. Which country quadrupled the number of border guards?

Answers:

1. At least 58.

2. Iraq and Syria.

3. Greece.

（中国日报网英语点津 Helen 编辑）

About the broadcaster:

Lee Hannon is Chief Editor at China Daily with 15-years experience in print and broadcast journalism. Born in England, Lee has traveled extensively around the world as a journalist including four years as a senior editor in Los Angeles. He now lives in Beijing and is happy to move to China and join the China Daily team.