瑞典一学校淡化性别观念不用“他、她”指代人-英语点津

瑞典Egalia幼儿园决定不用her或者him来指代人，而改用无性别含义的“hen（瑞典语）”。校方此举旨在教导学生不为特定的性别做角色定型（比如认为护士一定是女的，建筑工一定是男的），突破社会固有的关于性别的条条框框的限制。在该幼儿园，男女学生可以一同在玩具厨房里学“做饭”，也能一起玩乐高积木体验建筑乐趣。学生的课本内容也多涉及同性父母，单亲家庭及养子养女等方面的故事。校方称这样会使学生对变性人、同性恋者、双性恋者等少数群体更宽容。但反对者认为性别中立和男女不平等一样，都是一种应该避免的极端。

A pre-school in Sweden has decided to stop calling children 'him' or 'her' in a bid to stop them falling into gender stereotypes.

The Egalia preschool, in the Sodermalm district of Stockholm, has made the decision as part of the country efforts to engineer equality between the sexes from childhood.

As well as the decision to stop using the words, the taxpayer-funded school also carefully plans the colour and placement of toys and the choice of books to assure they do not fall into stereotypes.

The school opened last year and is on a mission to break down gender roles - a core mission in the national curriculum for Swedish preschools.

The option to implement the rules is underpinned by a theory that society gives boys an unfair edge.

瑞典一学校淡化性别观念不用“他、她”指代人

'Society expects girls to be girlie, nice and pretty and boys to be manly, rough and outgoing,' says Jenny Johnsson, a 31-year-old teacher.

'Egalia gives them a fantastic opportunity to be whoever they want to be.'

At the school, boys and girls play together with a toy kitchen, waving plastic utensils and pretending to cook. One boy hides inside the toy stove, his head popping out through a hole.

Lego bricks and other building blocks are intentionally placed next to the kitchen, to make sure the children draw no mental barriers between cooking and construction.

Meanwhile, nearly all the children's books deal with homosexual couples, single parents or adopted children. There are no 'Snow White,' 'Cinderella' or other fairy tales.

Director Lotta Rajalin notes that Egalia places a special emphasis on fostering an environment tolerant of gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender people.

Rajalin also says the staff also try to help the children discover new ideas when they play.

'A concrete example could be when they're playing 'house' and the role of the mom already is taken and they start to squabble,' she says. 'Then we suggest two moms or three moms and so on.'

Egalia's methods are controversial with Rajalin claiming the staff have received threats from racists apparently upset about the preschool's use of black dolls.

But she says that there's a long waiting list for admission, and that only one couple has pulled a child out of the school.

Jukka Korpi, 44, says he and his wife chose Egalia 'to give our children all the possibilities based on who they are and not on their gender.'

Staff at the school try to shed masculine and feminine references from their speech, including the pronouns him or her – 'han' or 'hon' in Swedish. Instead, they've have adopted the genderless 'hen'.

'We use the word "Hen" for example when a doctor, police, electrician or plumber or such is coming to the kindergarten,' Rajalin says.

'We don't know if it's a he or a she so we just say "Hen is coming around 2 p.m." Then the children can imagine both a man or a woman. This widens their view.'

Jay Belsky, a child psychologist at the University of California, Davis, said he's not aware of any other school like Egalia, and he questioned whether it was the right way to go. '

The kind of things that boys like to do — run around and turn sticks into swords — will soon be disapproved of,' he said.

'So gender neutrality at its worst is emasculating maleness.'