带你毁童年：格林童话的真面目

Anti-Semitism 反犹太主义

The Grimms gathered over 200 tales for their collection, three of which contained Jewish characters. In "The Jew in the Brambles" the protagonist happily torments a Jew by forcing him to dance in a thicket of thorns. He also insults the Jew, calling him a "dirty dog," among other things. The Jew in the story turns out to be a thief and is hanged. In "The Good Bargain" a Jewish man is likewise portrayed as a penny-pinching swindler. During the Third Reich, the Nazis adopted the Grimms' tales for propaganda purposes. They claimed, for instance, that Little Red Riding Hood symbolized the German people suffering at the hands of the Jewish wolf, and that Cinderella's Aryan purity distinguished her from her mongrel stepsisters.

格林童话收录了200多个故事，其中三个涉及到犹太角色。在《荆棘中的犹太人》中，主角兴致勃勃的让一个犹太人在长满尖刺的灌木丛中跳舞。他还用了"肮脏的狗"等词辱骂犹太人。故事中的犹太人其实是个小偷，最后难逃被吊死的命运。在《好交易》中，一个犹太男人被描绘为守财吝啬的骗子。第三帝国时期，纳粹曾用格林童话作为宣传工具。比如，他们称，《小红帽》象征着在犹太狼魔爪生活下的德国人，灰姑娘的"雅利安"血统让她优于她的两个血统不纯的继姐。

Incest 乱伦

In "All-Kinds-of-Fur" a king promises his dying wife that he will only remarry if his new bride is as beautiful as her. Unfortunately, no such woman exists in the whole world except his daughter, who ends up escaping his clutches by fleeing into the wilderness. While interviewing sources, the Grimms likewise heard versions of a different story–"The Girl Without Hands"–with an incestuous father. Nonetheless, in all editions of their book they recast this father as the devil.

在《千皮兽》中，国王向将死的妻子保证，他只有在未来的新娘和她一样漂亮时才会再娶。然而，世界上只有他的女儿和自己的妻子一样美丽。国王的女儿逃到荒野，才免遭父亲的魔爪。在收集故事素材时，格林兄弟还听到过有关乱伦父亲的其它版本——《没有手的女孩》。然而，在所有的版本中，格林兄弟都重塑了这个父亲的恶魔形象。

Wicked mothers 邪恶的母亲

Evil stepparents are a dime a dozen in fairy tales, but the Grimms originally included some evil biological mothers as well. In the 1812 version of "Hansel and Gretel," a wife persuades her husband to abandon their children in the woods because they don't have enough food to feed them. Snow White also has an evil mother, who at first wishes for and then become infuriated by her daughter's beauty. The Grimms turned both of these characters into stepmothers in subsequent editions, and mothers have essentially remained off the hook ever since in the retelling of these stories.

童话故事里继父继母是常客，但在原版的格林童话中，也有不少恶毒的亲生母亲。在1812年版本的《奇幻森林历险记》中，因为没有足够的食物，一个妻子说服丈夫在丛林中抛弃了他们的孩子。白雪公主的生母也很邪恶，她起先希望女儿貌美，之后又因为女儿的貌美而倍感愤怒。格林兄弟在此后的版本中，把这些邪恶的生母都变成了继母，而亲生母亲在后来的版本中都摆脱了邪恶的头衔。

（中国日报网英语点津 Helen 编辑）