习近平在纪念红军长征胜利80周年大会上的讲话（双语全文）

2016年10月21日，纪念红军长征胜利80周年大会在北京人民大会堂隆重举行。中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平在大会上发表重要讲话。以下为讲话双语全文：

在纪念红军长征胜利80周年大会上的讲话
Speech at a Ceremony Commemorating the 80th Anniversary of the Victory of the Long March

（2016年10月21日）
习近平

同志们：
Comrades,

今天，我们在这里隆重集会，纪念中国工农红军长征胜利80周年。
Today we are gathered here to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Long March by the Chinese Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army.

红军长征的那个年代，中国处在半殖民地半封建社会的黑暗境地，社会危机四伏，日寇野蛮侵略，国民党反动派置民族危亡于不顾，向革命根据地连续发动大规模“围剿”，中国共产党和红军到了危急关头，中国革命到了危急关头，中华民族到了危急关头。
The Long March took place at a dark time in Chinese history, a time when China had been reduced to a semi-colonial, semi-feudal country, when crisis lurked in all corners, and when the Japanese aggressors brutally invaded our lands. The reactionary Kuomintang (KMT), ignoring the peril of the nation, launched a series of large-scale “encirclement and eradication” campaigns in an attempt to wipe out the revolutionary bases of the Communist Party of China (CPC). This was a critical moment for the CPC and the Red Army, for China’s revolution, and for the Chinese nation.

面对生死存亡的严峻考验，从1934年10月至1936年10月，红军第一、第二、第四方面军和第二十五军进行了伟大的长征。我们党领导红军，以非凡的智慧和大无畏的英雄气概，战胜千难万险，付出巨大牺牲，胜利完成震撼世界、彪炳史册的长征，宣告了国民党反动派消灭中国共产党和红军的图谋彻底失败，宣告了中国共产党和红军肩负着民族希望胜利实现了北上抗日的战略转移，实现了中国共产党和中国革命事业从挫折走向胜利的伟大转折，开启了中国共产党为实现民族独立、人民解放而斗争的新的伟大进军。
In the face of this life-or-death challenge, the first, second, and fourth front armies of the Red Army, accompanied by the 25th Red Army, carried out the great Long March, which lasted from October 1934 to October 1936. Under the leadership of the CPC, the Red Army displayed extraordinary wisdom and immense bravery. Surmounting all manner of adversities and enduring great sacrifices, it marched to a victory that stunned the world and went down in history. The victory of the Long March marked the total failure of the KMT’s attempts to annihilate the CPC and the Red Army. It marked the successful strategic retreat of the CPC and Red Army to northern China, where they carried national hope for resistance against Japanese aggression. It marked a great turning point for the CPC and China’s revolution, putting them on the path to victory. And it marked the beginning of a new advance by the CPC to liberate the Chinese people and achieve national independence.

这一惊天动地的革命壮举，是中国共产党和红军谱写的壮丽史诗，是中华民族伟大复兴历史进程中的巍峨丰碑。
This was an earth-shaking revolutionary feat. It was a magnificent epic written by the CPC and Red Army, and a great milestone on the Chinese nation’s historic path to rejuvenation.

在这里，我代表党中央、国务院和中央军委，代表全党全军全国各族人民，向领导红军创造这一历史伟业的毛泽东、周恩来、朱德同志等老一辈革命家，向在长征中浴血奋战和在各地坚持革命斗争的红军指战员，向当年支援红军长征的各族人民特别是各革命根据地人民，向所有健在的红军老战士，致以崇高的敬意！
On behalf of the CPC Central Committee, the State Council, and the Central Military Commission, as well as the entire Party, military, and people of all ethnic groups in China, I hereby pay my highest respects to Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, and all the other veteran revolutionaries who led the Red Army to this great historical accomplishment; to the soldiers of the Red Army who fought bitterly during the Long March and who continued fighting in various parts of the country; to the people of all ethnic groups who aided the Red Army on its Long March, especially those in revolutionary bases; and to all those veterans of the Red Army who are still with us today.

我提议，全体起立，为在长征途中和在各地革命斗争中英勇牺牲的革命烈士默哀！
Now let us stand and observe a moment of silence for all the martyrs of the revolution who laid down their lives during the Long March and in revolutionary struggles across the country.

同志们！
Comrades,

穿越历史的沧桑巨变，回望80年前那段苦难和辉煌，我们更加深刻地认识到，长征在我们党、国家、军队发展史上具有十分伟大的意义，对中华民族历史进程具有十分深远的影响。
Looking back at that bitter yet glorious period 80 years ago, we can appreciate even more profoundly that the Long March was an enormously significant event in the history of our Party, our country, and our military, one that has had a far-reaching influence on the history of the Chinese nation.

——长征是一次理想信念的伟大远征。崇高的理想，坚定的信念，永远是中国共产党人的政治灵魂。中国共产党从成立之日起，就把共产主义确立为远大理想，始终团结带领中国人民朝着这个伟大理想前行。党和红军几经挫折而不断奋起，历尽苦难而淬火成钢，归根到底在于心中的远大理想和革命信念始终坚定执着，始终闪耀着火热的光芒。
– A great journey, the Long March was built on ideals and beliefs.

Lofty ideals and strong beliefs will forever be the political soul of Chinese Communists. From the day it was founded, the CPC established communism as its greatest ideal, and it has never ceased in its efforts to lead the Chinese people towards this great ideal. The CPC and Red Army experienced many setbacks, but they always fought on. They endured all manner of adversities, but these tests only made them stronger. This was because their great ideal and revolutionary beliefs always remained strong, and always burned brightly in their hearts.

长征途中，英雄的红军，血战湘江，四渡赤水，巧渡金沙江，强渡大渡河，飞夺泸定桥，鏖战独树镇，勇克包座，转战乌蒙山，击退上百万穷凶极恶的追兵阻敌，征服空气稀薄的冰山雪岭，穿越渺无人烟的沼泽草地，纵横十余省，长驱二万五千里。主力红军长征后，留在根据地的红军队伍和游击队，在极端困难的条件下，紧紧依靠人民群众，坚持游击战争。西北地区红军创建陕甘革命根据地，同先期到达陕北的红二十五军一起打破了敌人的重兵“围剿”，为党中央把中国革命的大本营安置在西北创造了条件。东北抗日联军、坚持在国民党统治区工作的党组织以及党领导的各方面力量都进行了艰苦卓绝的斗争，都为长征胜利作出了不可磨灭的贡献。
During the Long March, the heroic Red Army fought bitterly at the Xiangjiang River, made four crossings at the Chishui River, ingeniously crossed the Jinsha River, and fought their way across the Dadu River. It seized the Luding Bridge, fought ferociously at Dushu Town, captured Baozuo, and trekked through the Wumeng Mountains. Covering 12,500 kilometers of land across more than 10 provinces, the Red Army repelled more than 1 million enemy troops bent on pursuing it and blocking its path; conquered snow-capped mountain ranges and the thin air of high altitudes; and crossed desolate marshlands and grasslands with no signs of human life. As the Red Army’s main force carried out the Long March, the Red Army and guerilla units that stayed behind in base areas endured the most grueling of conditions to wage a guerilla fight with the support of local people. In the northwest, Red Army forces founded the Shaanxi-Gansu Revolutionary Base. Joining forces with the 25th Army, which had previously arrived in northern Shaanxi, they thwarted a large-scale “encirclement and eradication” attempt by the enemy, thus creating conditions for the CPC Central Committee to establish the base of China’s revolution in the northwest of the country. Meanwhile, the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army, CPC organizations that continued to operate in KMT-controlled areas, and various other forces under the leadership of the CPC also carried out their own bitter struggles, making an unforgettable contribution to the success of the Long March.

长征的胜利，是中国共产党人理想的胜利，是中国共产党人信念的胜利。“风雨浸衣骨更硬，野菜充饥志越坚；官兵一致同甘苦，革命理想高于天。”在风雨如磐的长征路上，崇高的理想，坚定的信念，激励和指引着红军一路向前。在红一方面军二万五千里的征途上，平均每300米就有一名红军牺牲。长征这条红飘带，是无数红军的鲜血染成的。艰难可以摧残人的肉体，死亡可以夺走人的生命，但没有任何力量能够动摇中国共产党人的理想信念。
The Long March was a triumph for the ideals and the beliefs of Chinese Communists. As the poem reads, “Their bones hardened by the wind and rain that penetrated their clothes; their will tempered by the wild greens that eased their hunger. Officers and soldiers endured the bitterness together, their revolutionary ideals rising above all else.” On that perilous trek through wind and rain, it was the lofty ideals and strong beliefs of the Red Army that spurred and guided them forward. For every 300 meters travelled by the First Front Red Army on its 12,500-kilometer trek, an average of one soldier laid down his life. The Long March was like a red ribbon, dyed red by the blood of countless Red Army soldiers. Hardships could maim them, death could take their life, but no force on this earth could shake Chinese Communists’ ideals and beliefs.

长征的胜利，靠的是红军将士压倒一切敌人而不被任何敌人所压倒、征服一切困难而不被任何困难所征服的英雄气概和革命精神。长征向全中国、向全世界庄严宣告，中国共产党及其领导的人民军队，是用马克思主义武装的、以共产主义为崇高理想和坚定信念的。长征路上的苦难、曲折、死亡，检验了中国共产党人的理想信念，向世人证明了中国共产党人的理想信念是坚不可摧的。
The Long March owed its success to the heroism and revolutionary spirit of the Red Army, who overcame all enemies and conquered all difficulties instead to succumbing to them. The Long March proclaimed to all China, and the whole world, that the CPC and Red Army under its leadership were armed with Marxism and committed to the ideal of communism. The bitter, tortuous, and perilous experiences of the Long March tested the ideals and beliefs of Chinese Communists, proving to the world that these convictions could not be shattered.

——长征是一次检验真理的伟大远征。真理只有在实践中才能得到检验，真理只有在实践中才能得到确立。长征途中，红军面临着凶恶残暴的追兵阻敌，面临着严酷恶劣的自然环境，还面临着同党内错误思想的激烈斗争。经过长征，党和红军不是弱了，而是更强了，因为我们党找到了中国革命的正确道路，找到了指引这条道路的正确理论。
– A great journey, the Long March was a test of truth.

Truth can only be tested and confirmed through practice. During the Long March, the Red Army was pursued and obstructed relentlessly by a brutal enemy, endured extremely harsh natural conditions, and even faced intense ideological conflict with erroneous thinking within the CPC. But rather than weakening the CPC and Red Army, the Long March actually made them stronger. This was because the CPC had found the right path for the Chinese revolution, and the right theory to navigate this path.

长征途中，党中央召开的遵义会议，是我们党历史上一个生死攸关的转折点。这次会议确立了毛泽东同志在红军和党中央的领导地位，开始确立了以毛泽东同志为主要代表的马克思主义正确路线在党中央的领导地位，开始形成以毛泽东同志为核心的党的第一代中央领导集体，这是我们党和革命事业转危为安、不断打开新局面最重要的保证。
During the Long March, the CPC Central Committee convened the Zunyi Meeting, a critical turning point in the history of the CPC. This meeting established Mao Zedong as the leader of the Red Army and the CPC Central Committee. It also began the establishment of the correct Marxist line, represented by Mao Zedong, in the CPC Central Committee, and began the formation of CPC’s first generation of collective leadership, with Mao Zedong at the core. These events were instrumental in leading the CPC and China’s revolution out of danger and towards new promise.

长征的胜利，使我们党进一步认识到，只有把马克思列宁主义基本原理同中国革命具体实际结合起来，独立自主解决中国革命的重大问题，才能把革命事业引向胜利。这是在血的教训和斗争考验中得出的真理。
The victory of the Long March made the CPC realize that only by integrating the basic tenets of Marxism-Leninism with the realities of China’s revolution, and resolving the major issues of China’s revolution autonomously, could it guide the revolution towards victory. This was a truth that the CPC learnt at the cost of blood, through the test of its many struggles.

长征的胜利，实现了在追求真理、坚持真理的基础上全党的空前团结、红军的空前团结。没有这种思想上政治上的大团结，中国革命胜利是不可能实现的。经过长征的千锤百炼，我们党在思想上不断成熟，成为中国人民进行抗日战争的中流砥柱，成为中国革命赢得最后胜利的中坚力量。
The victory of the Long March brought about the unprecedented unity of the entire CPC and Red Army on the basis of seeking and upholding truth. Without this great ideological and political unity, China’s revolution could not have succeeded. Tempered by the Long March, the CPC matured in its way of thinking, becoming the central pillar of the Chinese people’s resistance against Japanese aggression, and the central force in the ultimate victory of China’s revolution.

——长征是一次唤醒民众的伟大远征。红军打胜仗，人民是靠山。长征是历史纪录上的第一次，长征是宣言书，长征是宣传队，长征是播种机。面对正义和邪恶两种力量的交锋、光明和黑暗两种前途的抉择，我们党始终植根于人民，联系群众、宣传群众、武装群众、团结群众、依靠群众，以自己的模范行动，赢得人民群众真心拥护和支持，广大人民群众是长征胜利的力量源泉。
– A great journey, the Long March saw the awakening of the people.

The Red Army was victorious because it had the support of the people. With no precedent in recorded history, the Long March issued a manifesto, spread a message, and planted a seed. As the opposing forces of good and evil clashed, and a choice had to be made between light and dark, the CPC rooted itself deep among the people, connecting with them, conveying its message to them, arming them, uniting them, and relying on them. Using its own exemplary actions, the CPC won the genuine support of the people, who became an endless fountain of strength for the victory of the Long March.

长征途中，我们党高举全民族团结抗战的大旗，推动了抗日民族统一战线的形成，吹响了全民族觉醒和奋起的号角，汇聚起团结抗日、一致对外的强大力量。广大人民群众深刻认识到，中国共产党是为人民谋利益的党，红军是人民的军队、真正抗日的力量，中国共产党指引的道路是人民群众翻身得解放的正确道路。
During the Long March, the CPC called on the entire nation to unite in resistance against Japanese aggression. Spurring the formation of the united national front, the Long March, like a clarion call, awakened the Chinese nation from its slumber, channeling formidable strength into a united stand against the invading Japanese aggressors. The people realized that the CPC was a party that stood for the people; that the Red Army was the people’s army and the real resistance against Japanese aggression; and that the path pointed out by the CPC was the path that would lead the Chinese people to liberation.

长征的胜利，宣传了我们党的主张，播撒下革命的火种，扩大了党和红军的影响，巩固了党同人民群众的血肉联系，使党牢牢扎根在人民之中。
The victory of the Long March spread CPC’s message. It planted the seeds of the revolution, expanded the influence of the CPC and the Red Army, and solidified CPC’s close ties with the people, allowing the CPC to strike its roots deeply among them.

长征的胜利，充分展示了中国共产党性质和宗旨的力量，充分说明了中国共产党必须在人民中间生根开花，必须紧紧依靠人民来克服困难、赢得胜利。
The victory of the Long March fully demonstrated the power of CPC’s nature and mission. It showed that the CPC had to take root and grow among the people, and that it had to rely closely on the people in order to overcome difficulties and claim victory.

——长征是一次开创新局的伟大远征。长征的胜利，是方向和道路的胜利。长征的过程，不仅是战胜敌人、赢得胜利、实现战略目标的过程，而且是联系实际、创新理论、探索革命道路的过程。长征出发前，由于党内“左”倾教条主义的错误领导，中央革命根据地第五次反“围剿”失败，其他根据地也遭受挫折，中国革命面临着方向和道路的抉择。面对乱云飞渡、惊涛骇浪，我们党表现出无所畏惧的伟大实践精神，表现出浴火重生的伟大创造精神，在血与火中趟出了一条走向新生、走向胜利的革命道路。
– A great journey, the Long March ushered in a new era.

The victory of the Long March marked the triumph of a direction and a path. The Long March was not only a process of overcoming an enemy, clinching a victory, and achieving a strategic goal, but was also a process of developing new theories and exploring a revolutionary path on the basis of actual conditions. Before the Long March, owing to the mistaken leadership of “Leftist” dogmatists within the CPC, the failure of the Central Revolutionary Base to repel the KMT’s fifth “encirclement and eradication” campaign, and the setbacks suffered in other revolutionary bases, China’s revolution had come to a crossroads, and a path forward had to be chosen. Faced with treacherous waters and fierce storms, our Party demonstrated great pioneering spirit and creativity, fearlessly reinvigorating itself as it withstood all manner of tests. Through blood and fire, it paved a revolutionary path that would lead it to rebirth and victory.

长征途中，我们党通过艰苦卓绝的实践探索，成功把解决生存危机同拯救民族危亡联系在一起，把长征的大方向同建立抗日前进阵地联系在一起，实现了国内革命战争向抗日民族战争的转变，为夺取中国人民抗日战争胜利、进而夺取新民主主义革命胜利打下了坚实基础。
During the Long March, through its tireless searching, the CPC was able to link its own fight for survival with the fight to save the nation, and link the overall direction of the Long March with the establishment of a forward position against Japanese aggression. In doing so, it shifted from a revolutionary fight within China to a national war of resistance against Japanese aggression, thus laying down a solid foundation for the Chinese people’s victory in the war of resistance and in turn the victory of the New Democratic Revolution.

长征的胜利，不仅保存了革命力量，而且使我们党找到了中国革命力量生存发展新的落脚点，找到了中国革命事业胜利前进新的出发点。从长征的终点出发，我们党领导中国人民展开了中国革命波澜壮阔的新画卷。
The victory of the Long March not only preserved the revolutionary forces, but also gave the CPC a new foothold from which to grow the strength of the revolution, and a new departure point from which to advance it to victory. From the final destination of the Long March, the CPC led the Chinese people in opening a magnificent new chapter in China’s revolution.

长征的胜利，使我们党以陕甘宁革命根据地为中心，推动一大批革命根据地如雨后春笋般建立和发展起来，革命的火种在神州大地渐成燎原之势，有力推动了新的革命高潮到来。
The victory of the Long March allowed the CPC to establish and rapidly develop a number of revolutionary bases, the most central of which was the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Revolutionary Base. Thanks to these bases, the spark of the revolution spread across the entire country like wildfire, pushing the revolution to a new climax.

同志们！
Comrades,

“艰难困苦，玉汝于成。”长征历时之长、规模之大、行程之远、环境之险恶、战斗之惨烈，在中国历史上是绝无仅有的，在世界战争史乃至人类文明史上也是极为罕见的。
Adversity breeds success. The sheer duration, scale, distance, severity, and ferocity of the Long March were not only unparalleled in Chinese history, but almost totally unheard of in the history of war and human civilization.

在漫漫征途中，红军将士同敌人进行了600余次战役战斗，跨越近百条江河，攀越40余座高山险峰，其中海拔4000米以上的雪山就有20余座，穿越了被称为“死亡陷阱”的茫茫草地，用顽强意志征服了人类生存极限。红军将士上演了世界军事史上威武雄壮的战争活剧，创造了气吞山河的人间奇迹。
On that long, long trek, the Red Army engaged the enemy more than 600 times; crossed almost 100 rivers; scaled more than 40 peaks – including more than 20 snow-capped mountains with elevations in excess of 4,000 meters; and traversed vast grasslands known as “death traps.” It used its indomitable will to push the limits of human survival. The Red Army delivered a grand, imposing performance worthy of military history, and created a human miracle of monumental proportions.

80年来，世界范围内关于红军长征的报道和研究层出不穷，慕名前来寻访长征路的人络绎不绝。国际社会越来越多的人认为，红军长征是20世纪最能影响世界前途的重要事件之一，是充满理想和献身精神、用意志和勇气谱写的人类史诗。长征迸发出的激荡人心的强大力量，跨越时空，跨越民族，是人类为追求真理和光明而不懈努力的伟大史诗。
Over the last 80 years, the Red Army’s Long March has frequently been the subject of news reports and research around the world. A constant stream of people have traveled to China to retrace the steps of the Long March. The international community increasingly believes that the Long March was one of the key events that shaped world history in the 20th century, regarding it as an epic of ideals, devotion, willpower, and bravery. Unleashing a great, inspirational power transcending time, space, and ethnicity, the Long March was a monumental epic telling of humankind’s tireless search for truth and light.