双语新闻播报（February 1）

> Over 300m domestic trips made in China during holiday
2023年春节假期国内旅游出游3.08亿人次

About 308 million domestic trips were made in China during this year's Spring Festival holiday, up 23.1 percent year-on-year, said the country's Ministry of Culture and Tourism.
经文化和旅游部数据中心测算，今年春节假期全国国内旅游出游3.08亿人次，同比增长23.1%。

Domestic tourism revenue generated during the week-long holiday totaled 375.8 billion yuan, up 30 percent year-on-year, statistics from the ministry showed.
实现国内旅游收入3758亿元，同比增长30%。

A total of 10,739 A-level tourist attractions, 73.5 percent of the country's total, were open as normal during the holiday.
数据显示，今年春节假期，10739家A级旅游景区正常开放，占全国A级旅游景区总数的73.5%。

During the holiday, various cultural and tourist activities also took place nationwide to stimulate nighttime consumption, said the ministry.
在假期期间，全国各地还举行了各种文化和旅游活动，以刺激夜间消费。

> Pothole becomes China’s Spring Festival Gala hit
小品《坑》成春晚爆款

Pothole, a televised sketch that took aim at bureaucratic inaction, was a major hit during this year’s Spring Festival Gala show.
在今年的春晚小品《坑》中，沈腾刻画了一位“不担当不作为、不肯干也不敢干、卷起袖子在一边看”的“躺平式干部”，一时成为热议话题。

“It vividly depicts a ‘lying-flat’ cadre who lacks a sense of responsibility and disregards public grievances while looking for glorified excuses, such as the public’s ‘low awareness to prevent potential road risks’,” said CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI), the country's top anti-graft body.
中纪委发文称，《坑》非常形象刻画了一位“不担当不作为、不肯干也不敢干、卷起袖子在一边看”的“躺平式干部”。这位干部缺乏责任担当，漠视群众疾苦，还常常为自己找些冠冕堂皇的理由和借口，比如“人民群众对道路潜在风险防范意识不足”。

CCDI went on to say that civil servants who “lie flat” could obviously hurt society. “As Party members and civil servants, we need to establish and practice a correct political achievement value, get to know the sufferings of the masses, and be proud of serving the people,” it said.
中纪委强调，“躺平式干部”的社会危害是显而易见的。身为党员干部，应树立和践行正确的政绩观，设身处地了解群众疾苦，以担当做事为荣、以为民服务为乐，摆正工作态度、改善工作作风。

> The truth about canning
罐头为什么保质期这么长？

During the mid-19th century, canned food became a status symbol among middle-class households in Europe, being something of a frivolous novelty.
在19世纪中叶，罐头食品作为一种令人着迷的新鲜事物，成为欧洲中产阶级家庭的地位象征。

Increasing mechanization of the canning process, coupled with a huge increase in urban populations across Europe, resulted in a rising demand for canned food.
罐头加工技术的提高，加上城市人口的大幅增加，导致欧洲对罐头食品的需求不断增长。

A number of inventions and improvements followed, and by the 1860s, smaller machine-made steel cans were possible, and the time to cook food in sealed cans were reduced from around six hours to 30 minutes.
许多的发明和改进随之而来。到 1860 年代，小机器制造的钢罐也投入使用，而加工密封罐装食物的时间从大约六个小时减少到三十分钟。

To prevent the food from being spoiled before and during containment, a number of methods are used: pasteurization, boiling (and other applications of high temperature over a period of time), refrigeration, freezing, drying, vacuum treatment, antimicrobial agents that are natural to the recipe of the foods being preserved, a sufficient dose of ionizing radiation, submersion in a strong saline solution, acid, base, osmotically extreme (for example very sugary) or other microbially challenging environments.
为了防止食品在密封之前和密封期间变质，人们使用了许多方法：巴氏杀菌、煮沸（以及其它在单位时间内达到高温的手段）、冷藏、冷冻、干燥、真空处理、使用对保存食品配方天然的抗菌剂、足够剂量的电离辐射、将食物浸入强盐溶液中、或使用酸、碱渗透极端环境（例如非常含糖）或其他微生物难以生存的环境。

Other than sterilization, no method is perfectly dependable as a preservative. For example, the spores of the micro-organism Clostridium botulinum (which causes botulism) can be eliminated only at temperatures above the boiling point of water.
除了灭菌之外，没有任何方法能像加防腐剂一样完全可靠。例如，微生物肉毒梭菌（引起肉毒杆菌中毒）的孢子只能在高于水沸点的温度下消除。

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