24组基础词汇替换

听力，阅读，写作，翻译通通绕不开这24个基础词汇替换。四六级，专四专八，考研同样适用。利用寒假时间，提升一下自己的词汇量吧~

褒义形容词篇

一、重要的(important)

1.vital ['vaɪt(ə)l]

【例句】She had found out some information of vital importance.

【翻译】她已经发现了一些至关重要的信息。

2.crucial ['kru:ʃ(ə)l]

【例句】It is crucial that the problem is tackled immediately.

【翻译】立即着手解决这个问题是至关重要的。

3.prominent ['prɒmɪnənt]

【例句】This considerable increase in investment played a prominent role in fueling economic growth.

【翻译】投资的较大幅度增加,对拉动经济增长发挥了明显作用。

4.cardinal ['kɑ:d(ɪ)n(ə)l]

【例句】Respect for life is a cardinal principle of English law.

【翻译】尊重生命是英国法律最重要的原则。

二、优秀的(good)

1.excellent ['eks(ə)l(ə)nt]

【例句】She has always had a high reputation for her excellent short stories.

【翻译】她一直因其优秀的短篇小说享有很高的声望。

2.outstanding [aʊt'stændɪŋ]

【例句】The girl who won the scholarship was quite outstanding.

【翻译】得奖学金的女孩是相当优秀的。

3.extraordinary [ɪkˈstrɔ:dnri]

【例句】Her strength of will was extraordinary.

【翻译】她的意志力是非凡的。

4.remarkable [rɪ'mɑ:kəb(ə)l]

【例句】The economic diplomacy of China is characterized by distinctive features and remarkable achievements.

【翻译】中国的经济外交具有鲜明的特点和卓越的成就。

三、有趣的(interesting)

1.amusing [ə'mju:zɪŋ]

【例句】Do not hesitate to laugh at anything you find amusing.

【翻译】只要觉得好笑就尽管笑。

2.entertaining [entə'teɪnɪŋ]

【例句】This is an entertaining yet thought-provoking film.

【翻译】这部电影令人捧腹，却又发人深省。

3.engaging [ɪn'geɪdʒɪŋ]

【例句】His engaging personality made him popular with his peers.

【翻译】他迷人的个性使他深受同龄人的喜爱。

四、有活力的(energetic)

1.dynamic [daɪ'næmɪk]

【例句】South Asia continues to be the most dynamic economic region in the world.

【翻译】南亚仍然是世界上最具活力的经济区。

2.vigorous ['vɪg(ə)rəs]

【例句】We urge vigorous action to be taken immediately.

【翻译】我们强烈要求立即采取有力措施。

3.animated ['ænɪmeɪtɪd]

【例句】His observations gave rise to an animated and lively discussion.

【翻译】他的言论引起了一场气氛热烈而活跃的讨论。

五、充足的（abundant）

1.ample ['æmp(ə)l]

【例句】Agriculture has developed rapidly, thus providing light industry with ample raw materials.

【翻译】农业迅速发展, 从而为轻工业提供了充足的原料。

2.plentiful ['plentɪfʊl]

【例句】Hot climate and plentiful rainfall favor the growth of plants.

【翻译】炎热的气候和充足的雨水有助于植物生长。

3.generous ['dʒen(ə)rəs]

【例句】No one is expecting a very generous pay increase this year.

【翻译】没有人指望今年会有大幅度的工资增长。

六、勇敢的（brave）

1.courageous [kə'reɪdʒəs]

【例句】The pioneers are courageous indeed, overcoming one difficulty after another.

【翻译】这些开拓者的确有勇气, 他们克服了一个又一个的困难。

2.bold [bəʊld]

【例句】Big, successful moves need bold, masterful managers.

【翻译】重大而成功的举措需要既大胆又善于控制局势的经理来实施。

3.fearless ['fɪəlɪs]

【例句】To go in for technical innovation, one must have the fearless spirit of a pathbreaker.

【翻译】搞技术革新就要有一股不怕困难的闯劲。

七、合理的(reasonable)

1.sound [saʊnd]

【例句】She gave me some very sound advice.

【翻译】她给了我一些非常合理的建议。

2.rational ['ræʃ(ə)n(ə)l]

【例句】There is no rational explanation for his actions.

【翻译】对他的所作所为无法作出合理的解释。

3.sensible ['sensɪb(ə)l]

【例句】It would seem more sensible to apply standards flexibly rather than rigidly.

【翻译】灵活地运用标准比死守标准会显得更合情合理。

八、著名的(famous)

1.renowned [rɪ'naʊnd]

【例句】The region is renowned for its outstanding natural beauty.

【翻译】该地区以其无以伦比的自然风景闻名于世。

2.noticeable ['nəʊtɪsəb(ə)l]

【例句】The class has made noticeable improvement.

【翻译】这个班已有引人注目的进步。

3.notable ['nəʊtəb(ə)l]

【例句】The book stands out as one of the notable landmarks in the progress of modern science.

【翻译】这部著作是现代科学发展史上著名的里程碑之一。

九、有益的（helpful）

1.favorable ['feɪvərəbl]

【例句】Such events occur only when the external conditions are favorable.

【翻译】这种事情只有在外部条件有利时才会发生。

2.beneficial [benɪ'fɪʃ(ə)l]

【例句】It can be beneficial to share your feelings with someone you trust.

【翻译】向自己信任的人倾诉感情是很有益处的。

3.rewarding [rɪ'wɔːdɪŋ]

【例句】It is a very rewarding exercise to work this out oneself.

【翻译】独自解决这个问题是一次受益匪浅的锻炼。

中性形容词篇

一、许多（many）

1.numerous ['nju:m(ə)rəs]

【例句】Numerous factories have sprung up in this once desolate area.

【翻译】过去这一带满目苍凉， 现在却有了无数的工厂。

2. a host of

【例句】The special theory of relativity has raised a host of questions.

【翻译】狭义相对论引出了许多问题。

3. a multitude of

【例句】I was awed by the multitude of stars in the night sky.

【翻译】夜空中的繁星震撼了我。

二、不同的（different）

1.various ['veərɪəs]

【例句】These data have been collected from various sources.

【翻译】这些数据是从各方面搜集来的。

2. a variety of

【例句】A variety of heavy industries grew up alongside the port.

【翻译】各种重工业沿着港口逐渐发展起来。

3.diverse [daɪ'vɜ:s]

【例句】People hold diverse attitudes toward these new regulations.

【翻译】人们对于这些新规定抱有不同的态度。

三、普遍的（common）

1.commonplace ['kɒmənpleɪs]

【例句】Yet on the most commonplace occasion I can never know your thoughts.

【翻译】然而即便在最普通的场合我也琢磨不透你的心思。

2.universal [ju:nɪ'vɜ:s(ə)l]

【例句】Such problems are a universal feature of senior citizens.

【翻译】这类问题是老年人的通病。

3.pervasive [pə'veɪsɪv]

【例句】It is the most pervasive compound on earth.

【翻译】它是地球上最普遍的化合物。

四、唯一的（only）

1.solely ['səʊllɪ]

【例句】Success should not be measured solely by educational achievement.

【翻译】成功与否不应只用学业成绩来衡量。

2.unique [ju:'ni:k]

【例句】The examples are unique to this dictionary.

【翻译】这些例证是这部词典独有的。

3.merely ['mɪəlɪ]

【例句】You are merely reciting facts that you have learned by rote.

【翻译】你只是在背诵自己死记硬背下来的东西。

五、贫穷的（poor）

1.needy ['ni:dɪ]

【例句】Needy and handicapped people depend on government relief for their support.

【翻译】穷人和残疾人依靠政府的救济维持生计。

2.impoverished [ɪm'pɒvərɪʃt]

【例句】The rural people have been impoverished by a collapsing economy.

【翻译】经济崩溃使农村地区的人们一贫如洗。

3.in poverty

【例句】He was bred up in poverty.

【翻译】他是在贫苦的生活环境中长大的。

六、富裕的（rich）

1.wealthy ['welθɪ]

【例句】All of them came from wealthy, upper class families.

【翻译】他们全部来自富有的上流社会家庭。

2.well-heeled ['wel'hi:ld]

【例句】Both families are reasonably well-heeled and comfortably-off.

【翻译】两家人都相当富有,都生活得很舒适。

3.well-to-do

【例句】She comes from a well-to-do family.

【翻译】她来自于一个小康之家。

七、大的（big）

1.vast [vɑ:st]

【例句】The pollution has already turned vast areas into a wasteland.

【翻译】污染已经使大片地区沦为不毛之地。

2.massive ['mæsɪv]

【例句】We needed to reskill our workforce to cope with massive technological change.

【翻译】我们得让工人学习新技能，以应对巨大的技术变革。

3.enormous [ɪ'nɔ:məs]

【例句】The enormous difficulty makes him cynical about the feasibility of the idea.

【翻译】巨大的困难让他对这个主意是否可行持怀疑态度。

八、新的 (new)

1.brand-new

【例句】Net Electronic Map has become a brand-new way for showing the geographic information.

【翻译】网上电子地图已成为一种全新的地理信息展示方式。

2.fresh [freʃ]

【例句】The company seemed set to make a fresh start under a new broom.

【翻译】公司似乎准备在新任领导的带领下开创新局面。

3.novel ['nɒv(ə)l]

【例句】Protesters found a novel way of demonstrating against steeply rising oil prices.

【翻译】抗议者找到了抗议油价飞涨的新办法。

贬义形容词篇

一、不好的 (bad)

1.undesirable [ʌndɪ'zaɪərəb(ə)l]

【例句】It was felt that the ageing of society was socially and economically undesirable.

【翻译】老龄化对于社会和经济的不良影响呈现出来了。

2.negative ['negətɪv]

【例句】You can't learn anything with negative attitude.

【翻译】消极的态度会让你什么都学不到。

3.adverse ['ædvɜ:s]

【例句】The expedition encountered adverse weather conditions.

【翻译】探险队遇到了不利的气候条件。

二、有害的（harmful)

1.damaging ['dæmɪdʒɪŋ]

【例句】Many chemicals have a damaging effect on the environment.

【翻译】许多化学物质都会对环境有破坏性的影响。

2.ruinous ['ru:ɪnəs]

【例句】The decision was to prove ruinous.

【翻译】后来证明这个决定造成了危害。

3.destructive [dɪ'strʌktɪv]

【例句】Severe damage witnessed the destructive force of the storm.

【翻译】严重的损失表明了这场暴风雨的巨大破坏力。

三、困难的（difficult）

1.demanding [dɪ'mɑ:ndɪŋ]

【例句】He found he could no longer cope with his demanding job.

【翻译】他发现自己已无力应对那份劳神费力的工作了。

2.laborious [lə'bɔ:rɪəs]

【例句】They had the laborious task of cutting down the huge tree.

【翻译】他们接受了伐大树的艰苦工作。

3.formidable ['fɔ:mɪdəb(ə)l]

【例句】He took on the formidable task of reforming the whole system.

【翻译】他承担起改革整个系统的艰巨任务。

四、无聊的（boring）

1.dull [dʌl]

【例句】The conference was deadly dull.

【翻译】会议开得死气沉沉的。

2.tiresome ['taɪəs(ə)m]

【例句】I find it very tiresome doing the same job day after day.

【翻译】日复一日做相同的工作让我觉得非常无聊。

3.tedious ['ti:dɪəs]

【例句】He that can read and meditate will not find his evenings long or life tedious.

【翻译】会读书和思考的人不会感到长夜无聊或者生活乏味。

五、忧虑的（worried）

1.anxious ['æŋ(k)ʃəs]

【例句】He was anxious about the enormity of the task ahead.

【翻译】他为眼前任务的艰巨性而担忧。

2.apprehensive [æprɪ'hensɪv]

【例句】The long delay had made me quite apprehensive.

【翻译】长时间的耽搁使我相当焦虑。

3.fraught [frɔ:t]

【例句】It has been a somewhat fraught day.

【翻译】这是令人颇为担忧的一天。

六、沮丧的（sad）

1.depressed [dɪ'prest]

【例句】She felt very depressed about the future.

【翻译】她感到前途无望。

2.gloomy ['glu:mɪ]

【例句】They found him in gloomy, downbeat mood.

【翻译】他们发现他情绪低落，无精打采。

3.frustrated [frʌ'streɪtɪd]

【例句】Both sides in the dispute appeared very frustrated at the lack of progress.

【翻译】争执双方因事情毫无进展而显得十分沮丧。

七、怀疑的（doubtful）

1.skeptical ['skeptɪkəl]

【例句】Many were skeptical about this solution.

【翻译】许多人对这一解决办法表示怀疑。

2.suspicious [sə'spɪʃəs]

【例句】Most organizations are, quite understandably, suspicious of new ideas.

【翻译】大多数机构对新想法持怀疑态度，这不难理解。

3.incredulous [ɪn'kredjʊləs]

【例句】She gave me an incredulous glance.

【翻译】她表示怀疑地向我瞥了一眼。

四六级寒假学霸修炼计划

（来源：有道考神，编辑：Helen）