《“一国两制”下香港的民主发展》白皮书（双语全文）

四、反中乱港势力阻挠破坏香港特别行政区民主发展
IV. Anti-China Agitators Undermine and Disrupt Democracy in Hong Kong

近年来，随着世界百年未有之大变局加速演进，外部敌对势力牵制、遏制中国发展的行径愈演愈烈，“一国两制”在香港实践的内外环境日趋复杂，围绕香港特别行政区民主发展的斗争更加激烈。反中乱港势力不断挑战宪法和基本法的权威，以夺取香港特别行政区管治权、实施“颜色革命”为目的，通过特别行政区选举平台和立法会、区议会等议事平台，利用有关公职人员身份，肆无忌惮挑战“一国两制”原则底线，冲击香港特别行政区宪制秩序，破坏香港法治，进行危害国家安全、损害香港繁荣稳定的各种活动，企图将香港特别行政区民主发展引入歧途，严重破坏了香港特别行政区进一步发展民主的社会环境。
Taking advantage of the profound changes that are sweeping the world, anti-China forces have ramped up their efforts. The implementation of the One Country, Two Systems policy in Hong Kong is faced with a situation of growing complexity, both internally and externally, and the struggle over the development of democracy in the region has intensified.
The instigators of disorder have been challenging the authority of the Constitution and the Basic Law, with the goal of seizing power in Hong Kong through a color revolution. Exploiting their elected positions on the Legislative Council and district councils, and otherwise abusing their capacity as holders of public office, these anti-China agitators openly challenge the One Country, Two Systems principle, the constitutional order, and the rule of law in Hong Kong. They carry out activities detrimental to China’s national security and Hong Kong’s prosperity and stability, in an attempt to derail the development of democracy in the region. This has had a serious impact on the social environment and on progress towards democracy.

（一）冲击宪制秩序，危害国家安全
1. Rejecting the Constitutional Order and Endangering National Security

——反中乱港势力公然挑战宪法和基本法确定的香港特别行政区宪制秩序。他们拒不承认国家宪法对香港特别行政区的效力，故意割裂宪法与基本法的关系，挑战宪法和基本法的权威。他们妄称《中英联合声明》是香港回归后新宪制的法律基础，刻意抬高英国撤离前匆忙制定的《香港人权法案条例》，企图以此架空基本法。他们以各种名目推动非法“公投”，甚至以所谓“全民制宪”为参选纲领，图谋破坏香港特别行政区的宪制秩序。
– The agitators openly challenge the HKSAR order established by the Constitution and the Basic Law
They refuse to recognize the legal authority of the Constitution over Hong Kong, attempt to sever the link between the Constitution and the Basic Law, and reject the authority of the Basic Law.
In an attempt to undermine the Basic Law, they falsely claim that the Sino-British Joint Declaration became the legal foundation of the new constitutional order of Hong Kong following its return to China, and tout the claims of the Hong Kong Bill of Rights Ordinance – rushed through before the end of the British rule in Hong Kong – in the region’s legal system. They push for unlawful referendums and espouse ideas such as “the Constitution devised by the people” in election campaigns, in an attempt to overturn the constitutional order.

他们不惜以制造社会动乱的方式抗拒中央对香港特别行政区的全面管治权，否认中央对香港特别行政区民主发展的主导权和决定权，挑战全国人大及其常委会有关决定和解释的权威。
To obstruct the central authorities’ overall jurisdiction over Hong Kong, they have gone out of their way to create chaos. They refuse to accept the central authorities’ leadership and their right to determine the course of democracy in Hong Kong, and they refuse to recognize the authority of the relevant decisions and interpretations of the National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee.

他们公然倒挂、撕扯、踩踏、焚烧国旗，污损国徽，撕毁和焚烧基本法文本，阻挠旨在维护国家安全的本地立法，致使基本法第二十三条本地立法至今未能完成，《国歌条例》历时一年半才在立法会获得通过。
They have engaged in provocative public acts such as burning, tearing down, and stamping on the national flag. They have defaced the national emblem, and ripped and burned copies of the Basic Law. As a result of their concerted filibuster, the local legislation on national security required by Article 23 of the Basic Law has been stalled, and it took 18 months for the National Anthem Ordinance to pass through the Legislative Council.

——反中乱港势力大肆从事分裂国家、颠覆国家政权的活动。他们公然鼓吹“香港独立”“民族自决”，在香港社会各层面特别是青少年群体中传播“港独”“反中”“反共”理念，恶毒攻击中国共产党的领导和国家主体实行的社会主义制度，为在香港进行分裂国家、颠覆国家政权的活动制造理论和舆论。
– The agitators carry out defiant acts of subversion and secession
They call for referendums to separate Hong Kong from China, incite anti-China, anti-CPC and secessionist sentiment throughout Hong Kong society, especially among young people, and attack the CPC’s leading role and the socialist system practiced on the mainland. Their goal is to subvert the sense of national identity and manipulate public support in favor of their plans to undermine state power and split the country.

他们成立名目繁多的“港独”和激进分离组织，打着“港独”等旗号参选立法会和区议会，并在当选后利用公职人员身份继续鼓吹“港独”，从事分裂、颠覆活动。2016年10月12日，第六届立法会议员宣誓就职，有候任议员公然展示“香港不是中国”等“港独”横幅，以粗鄙话语和肢体语言疯狂侮辱国家和民族。他们在2019年“修例风波”中叫嚣“光复香港，时代革命”等口号，暴力冲击中央政府驻港机构和香港特别行政区政权机关。2019年7月1日，他们暴力攻占香港特别行政区立法会大楼，在主席台展示港英旗帜，大肆毁坏立法会设施设备，上演极其丑陋的一幕。
They have founded various radical secessionist organizations, and they run for Legislative Council and district council elections under a banner of “Hong Kong independence”. Once elected to public office, they abuse their power to promote secession and engage in separatist and subversive activities. When taking the oath of office on October 12, 2016, some members-elect of the Sixth Legislative Council displayed banners reading “Hong Kong Is Not China” and “Hong Kong Independence”.
During the 2019 turmoil, they chanted separatist slogans such as “liberate Hong Kong, revolution of our times”, besieged and stormed the resident offices of the central government in Hong Kong and HKSAR government agencies, and even forced entry into the Legislative Council Complex. Inside the building they created ugly scenes, wrecking facilities and displaying the British Hong Kong flag on the podium.

他们无视2020年6月颁布实施的《中华人民共和国香港特别行政区维护国家安全法》（香港国安法）的规定，在香港特别行政区第七届立法会选举启动后，非法组织所谓“初选”，策划实施“真揽炒十步曲”计划（注2），妄图操控立法会选举，并在控制立法会后通过否决政府一切议案、法案的方式逼迫行政长官辞职，瘫痪政府，制造宪制危机，进而颠覆国家政权。
In defiance of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong National Security Law) enacted in June 2020, they organized an unlawful primary after the election for the Seventh Legislative Council had begun. They have described a process that they call “Ten Steps to Actualize Mutual Destruction” and they have used it to manipulate the election for the Legislative Council. Their intention was to veto any bills and motions from the government after taking control of the Legislative Council, and subvert the government by forcing the Chief Executive to resign, paralyzing the government, and creating a constitutional crisis.

——他们与外部敌对势力勾结，甘当反华“急先锋”“马前卒”。其头面人物频频窜访外国，肆意抹黑、攻击国家，乞求外国对国家、对香港实施制裁。有人甘当外国政治代理人，宣称要“为美国而战”；有人公开发表文章，煽动要把“一国两制”下的香港变成植入中国的“屠城木马”，关键时刻打开暗门，促使中国“变天”。
– The Hong Kong agitators collude with external anti-China forces, and make themselves their willing tools
Their leading figures make frequent visits to other countries to smear and attack China and call for foreign sanctions on the mainland and Hong Kong. Some members regard themselves as political agents of other countries and pledge to fight for the US; others publish articles inciting their followers to turn Hong Kong under One Country, Two Systems into a “Trojan horse for mass killings” which could open a backdoor to “regime change” in China.

外部敌对势力充当“颜色革命”的幕后黑手，对香港事务的干预日益加剧，对中国国家安全的威胁越来越严重。他们从幕后走到台前，官方高规格接见反中乱港头面人物，为其撑腰打气；以立法、行政等方式并通过驻港机构、非政府组织等明目张胆为反中乱港分子提供保护伞、输送资金、提供培训；对中央政府和香港特别行政区官员进行粗暴“制裁”，等等。这些，充分暴露出外部敌对势力把香港作为“棋子”牵制、遏制中国发展的图谋。
External forces, who have masterminded attempts to provoke a color revolution behind the scenes, have intensified their meddling in Hong Kong affairs, posing a growing threat to China’s national security. Now stepping into public view, they hold high-profile meetings with leading agitators, openly champion their cause, and pledge their support. By legislative or administrative means and through such channels as their agencies and NGOs in Hong Kong, they have provided the Hong Kong element with cover, funds and training and imposed baseless sanctions on mainland and Hong Kong officials. Such moves expose their determination to use Hong Kong as a pawn in their attempts to toxify China and hamstring its progress.

（二）破坏法治根基，制造社会仇恨
2. Destroying the Foundations of the Rule of Law and Inciting Hatred in Society

——反中乱港势力煽动、教唆、组织、实施破坏社会秩序的违法活动。他们到处鼓吹“公民抗命”“违法达义”等谬论，煽动民众以“行为不正义”达成“目的正义”。在2014年非法“占领中环”、2016年“旺角暴乱”和2019年“修例风波”中，他们策划、组织、实施了一系列严重违法活动，一次又一次重创香港法治和社会秩序。
– Agitators in Hong Kong have instigated, abetted, organized, and engaged in illegal activities
The agitators call for civil disobedience and lawbreaking “in the interests of justice”, instigating the public to achieve unlawful ends through unlawful means. During the Occupy Central movement in 2014, the Mong Kok riot in 2016, and the 2019 turmoil, they planned, organized, and carried out a series of illegal activities, posing a serious threat to law and order in Hong Kong.

他们美化和煽动暴力，宣称“暴力是解决香港政治问题的选项”“留案底令人生变得更精彩”。他们教唆、煽动、裹挟青年学生从事违法活动，致使青少年学生成为非法“占领中环”和“修例风波”的主要参与群体。反中乱港势力荼毒广大青少年，伤天害理，祸害深重。
They have justified and incited violence as a means to solve Hong
Kong’s political issues, asserting that “a criminal record adds color to life”. At their instigation and under their coercion, young students became the main participants of the Occupy Central movement in 2014 and the 2019 turmoil. The agitators poison young minds, and the harm they have done to the young people of Hong Kong is unforgivable.

——反中乱港势力大肆进行暴力和恐怖活动。在“修例风波”中，他们肆意设障堵路，损毁交通设施，瘫痪机场运作。严重时香港铁路公司有超过90%、共计147个车站遭到损坏，作为香港交通要道的红磡海底隧道被迫关闭，作为亚太航空枢纽的香港国际机场陷入瘫痪。多项政府公共服务受阻，大中小学和幼儿园被迫长时间停课，多所大学校园被非法“占领”，众多商业场所无法营业，逾1200间店铺和多家银行的服务设施被损毁。
– The agitators are perpetrators of violence and terrorism
During the 2019 turmoil, mobs barricaded roads and damaged transport facilities, even paralyzing the airport at some points. When the situation was at its worst, 147 Mass Transit Railway stations – more than 90 percent of the total – were damaged. The Cross-Harbour Tunnel, a vital transport link, was closed. Hong Kong International Airport, a hub of Asia-Pacific aviation, was paralyzed.
Public services were obstructed. Kindergartens, elementary schools, secondary schools, and universities had to suspend operations for days, and many university campuses were illegally occupied. Shops could not open for business, and over 1,200 commercial outlets and many banks were vandalized.

他们对持不同意见者进行无差别攻击，极尽卑鄙之能事。有记者在机场被非法禁锢围攻虐打数小时，有路人因劝阻示威者被泼油火烧，有清洁工被砖头砸中身亡，甚至有议员的祖坟在光天化日之下遭人损毁。
The mobs attacked people who stood up to them. They beat a journalist and kept him trapped for several hours at the airport. A passer-by who tried to talk some sense into them was set on fire with gasoline. A sanitation worker was hit by a brick and killed. The graves of the parents of a Legislative Council member were dug up in broad daylight.

——反中乱港势力挑动两地对立，毒化社会环境。他们煽动港人仇恨中国共产党、仇恨国家、仇恨内地民众。他们通过诱导性民调刻意渲染身份认同问题，把“香港人”和“中国人”对立起来。他们制造和放大香港与内地民众往来中出现的个别摩擦，滋扰、侮辱、攻击内地旅客。
– The agitators have set people at odds with each other, poisoning the public sphere
They have incited hatred among local people towards the CPC, their mainland compatriots, and the country. They have manipulated polls to mislead people into questioning their identity and to drive a wedge between Hong Kong and the mainland.

他们恶毒攻击行政长官和政府官员，煽动反政府情绪。在“修例风波”中，他们更是将矛头指向维护秩序的警队和制止其违法活动的人士，“起底”警察和有关人士的家庭信息，霸凌诅咒警察子女。有警察被咬断手指，被铁箭刺伤，甚至被利刃割颈，种种极端、恐怖行径触目惊心，令人发指。
They have fanned the flames of minor conflicts between locals and people from the mainland, or themselves provoked such problems, in order to harass, insult and attack mainland visitors. They have stirred up anti-government sentiment through malicious verbal attacks on the Chief Executive and other officials of the HKSAR government.
During the 2019 turmoil, they turned on the police who were trying to maintain order and members of the public who were trying to prevent their unlawful activities. They illegally exposed the personal information of police officers and other officials, and bullied and verbally abused the children of police officers. One police officer had his finger bitten off, another was shot with a crossbow bolt, and yet another had his throat slit. These are shocking levels of violence.

（三）妨碍政府施政，拖累经济民生
3. Obstructing Governance and Dragging Down the Economy

——反中乱港势力阻挠破坏政府施政，扰乱管治秩序。他们通过在立法会频频提出不符合基本法规定的议员修正案、采取无休止点算会议人数等手法疯狂“拉布”（注3），致使许多利港利民的重大经济民生政策无法推行。他们滥用调查权、传召权和质询权，提出违法的不信任动议，对政府官员和公职人员肆意侮辱。成立创新科技局对香港长远发展具有重大意义，但有关议案被严重恶意拖延，历时3年才最终在立法会获得通过。第六届立法会内务委员会在2019至2020立法年度停摆长达8个多月，多达14个法案不能及时审议，超过80部附属法例在期限届满前得不到处理，一些本可惠及香港广大居民特别是弱势群体的民生法案不能及时通过。
– Agitators in Hong Kong have obstructed government administration
They have engaged in filibustering at the Legislative Council by repeatedly moving motions for amendments that contravene the Basic Law and issuing repeated calls for unnecessary headcounts. This has prevented the passage of many major policies that could have benefitted Hong Kong’s economy and improved the people’s lives. The opposition members of the Legislative Council have abused their powers of investigation, summons and inquiry, proposing motions of no confidence and insulting holders of public office.
For example, it took the Legislative Council three years to pass the motion to set up the Innovation and Technology Bureau, an institution of far-reaching significance for Hong Kong’s future development. The House Committee of the Sixth Legislative Council was unable to function for more than eight months in the 2019-2020 legislative session, with the result that 14 bills and over 80 items of subsidiary legislation were not scrutinized and followed up before their vetting period expired. Bills dealing with matters such as improving welfare for local residents and vulnerable communities failed to pass due to the standstill.

——反中乱港议员用各种手法扰乱立法会和区议会正常运作。2018年4月24日，在立法会会议期间，一名议员公然暴力抢走政府工作人员的手机（注4）。2019年10月16日，多名议员在行政长官宣读施政报告时用具有伤害性的强光照射行政长官，致使其无法正常发表报告（注5）。2020年5月28日和6月4日，一名议员两次向立法会主席及他人泼洒恶臭有害液体。这些恶行不仅严重违反法律，而且严重扰乱立法会运作，破坏行政与立法的关系，导致政府施政举步维艰。
– Some agitators hold seats on the Legislative Council and district councils, and have employed various means to paralyze it
For example, at a meeting on April 24, 2018, a council member snatched the mobile phone of a government employee. When the Chief Executive was delivering the annual Policy Address on October 16, 2019, a group of opposition members used dazzling lights to stop her from completing the address. At the sessions of May 28 and June 4, 2020, a council member hurled a noxious liquid at the president of the Legislative Council and other people in the room.
These intolerable acts all violate the law, disrupt the functioning of the Legislative Council, pit legislation against administration, hamstring the HKSAR government, and prevent it from doing its work.

他们不断僭越区议会的法定职能，滥用职权，将区议会变成宣扬“港独”、进行颠覆破坏活动的平台，使区议会成为香港社会一大乱源。
The agitators have abused the statutory functions of the district councils and misused their power. They have tried to turn district councils into a platform to engage in secessionist and subversive activities, creating further instability in Hong Kong.

（四）歪曲民主内涵，阻挠民主进程
4. Perverting Democracy and Impeding Its Progress

——反中乱港势力偷梁换柱，炮制种种“民主”谬论。他们误导香港社会将特别行政区地方属性的民主简单等同于一个国家的民主，并以是否有利于其上台掌权为标准，标签所谓“真民主”“假民主”，颠倒黑白，混淆是非。在行政长官普选问题上，他们炮制所谓“国际标准”的“真普选”，提出各种违反基本法的无理主张，恶意诋毁中央政府和特别行政区政府推动民主发展所作的各种努力。
– The agitators have perverted the meaning of democracy
The agitators have misled public opinion by portraying Hong Kong as a sovereign country. They judge democracy as “true” or “fake” only by their own criteria – that is, whether it can help them come to power. Regarding the method for electing the Chief Executive by universal suffrage, they have concocted criteria that they claim to be the base for “universal suffrage by international standards”, and they have raised proposals that violate the Basic Law. They have gone on to sabotage the efforts to advance democracy in Hong Kong, made by the central government and the HKSAR government.

——反中乱港势力冲击选举秩序，破坏选举公平。在2019年11月举行的第六届区议会选举中，他们使用暴力手段胁迫、恐吓、攻击爱国爱港参选人和选民，甚至在光天化日之下行刺其他参选人。根据香港特别行政区选举管理委员会披露，这次区议会选举接获的投诉激增，其中涉及刑事毁坏、暴力行为、恐吓的投诉高达1000多宗。
– The agitators have disrupted fair and orderly electoral processes
During the elections for the sixth-term district councils in November 2019, opposition candidates used violence, coercion, and threats to intimidate voters and patriotic candidates. Assassination attempts were even made on candidates. in broad daylight. As the Electoral Affairs Commission of the HKSAR reported, during these elections there was a surge in complaints, more than 1,000 of which were about acts of sabotage, violence and intimidation that constituted criminal offenses.

——反中乱港势力一再阻挠循序渐进发展民主。他们罔顾民意，在立法会两次否决特别行政区政府提出的扩大民主成分的选举方案。如果没有他们的阻挠破坏，香港原本可以在2017年实现行政长官普选、2020年实现立法会全部议员普选。他们不仅是导致香港普选无法如期实现的历史罪人，也从根本上破坏了香港特别行政区发展民主的社会环境，破坏了中央政府与香港社会的政治互信。
– The agitators have constantly obstructed the gradual and orderly development of democracy in Hong Kong
Disregarding the public will, they twice voted down proposals delivered by the HKSAR government to the Legislative Council for expanding democracy in local elections. Without their obstruction, Hong Kong could have realized universal suffrage in the election of its Chief Executive by 2017 and the election of all members of its Legislative Council by 2020. They have wreaked havoc on the social foundations of democracy in Hong Kong, attempting to provoke hostility between the central government and the region.

事实一再表明，反中乱港势力及其背后的外部敌对势力是挑战“一国两制”原则底线的罪魁祸首，是危害国家安全的罪魁祸首，是损害香港繁荣稳定的罪魁祸首，也是阻碍香港特别行政区民主向前发展的罪魁祸首。香港特别行政区的民主发展之所以窒碍难行，香港本地反中乱港势力是站在前台的直接破坏者，外部敌对势力是躲在幕后的操盘手，众多青少年是受害者，最终一切不利后果则由全体港人承担。
All this demonstrates that the agitators in Hong Kong and the external groups behind them must be held to account for threatening the principle of One Country, Two Systems, endangering national security, damaging the region’s prosperity and stability, and impeding its progress towards democracy. Progress towards democracy has stalled in the region because of the local agitators and the external groups behind them – the former are the frontline saboteurs and the latter the covert masterminds. Hong Kong youth have become their pawns, and local residents are the victims who will suffer the consequences of this dangerous game.

2019年“修例风波”和区议会选举乱象，充分暴露出香港特别行政区选举制度存在重大的缺陷和漏洞。最突出的一点是安全性严重不足，使得反中乱港势力很容易通过选举进入特别行政区的政权组织和治理架构，使得外部敌对势力可以通过多种方式干预香港事务，进而为他们对中国内地进行渗透、颠覆活动提供机会。任何地方的民主发展都不能以损害国家安全为代价。完善香港特别行政区民主制度特别是选举制度，是依法治港、拨乱反正的必要之举，是维护国家安全和特别行政区宪制秩序的治本之策，也是确保香港民主在正确轨道上向前发展的固本之基。
The 2019 turmoil and the chaos in the election for district councils both revealed shortcomings in the electoral system of the HKSAR. The most obvious of them is laxity in the electoral process, which has allowed agitators to be easily elected into Hong Kong’s governing organizations. This opens the way for external forces to meddle in Hong Kong’s affairs in various ways, thereby providing themselves with the means to infiltrate China’s mainland and engage in acts of subversion. Development of democracy in any country should never come at the expense of national security. Improving the democratic system of the HKSAR, especially its electoral system, is a prerequisite for governing Hong Kong by law and keeping the region on the right track – itself essential for safeguarding national security and the constitutional order, and as a foundation for sound progress in steering Hong Kong towards democracy.