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This is the VOA Special English Health Report.
Last week a study of 199 countries and territories confirmed what many people may have already noticed. People around the world are getting fatter. The study found that obesity has almost doubled since 1980.
Majid Ezzati at Imperial College London led the research team. He says the results show that obesity, high blood pressure and high cholesterol are no longer just found in wealthy nations. These are now worldwide problems.
The study appeared in the Lancet. It shows that in 2008, almost ten percent of men were obese. That was up from about five percent in 1980. That same year, almost eight percent of women were obese. By 2008, the rate of obesity among women was almost 14 percent.
Obesity is commonly measured by body mass index, or BMI. This is a measure of a person's weight in relation to height. A person with a BMI of 25 to 29 is considered overweight. The World Health Organization defines obesity as a body mass index of 30 or more.
Pacific island nations have an average BMI of around 35 -- the highest in the world.
But the study found that the United States had the single highest average among wealthy countries. Men and women had an average BMI of over 28. New Zealand was next. Japan had the lowest, at about 22 for women and 24 for men.
The report had some good news, however, about high blood pressure,. The percentage of people with this major cause of heart attacks and strokes has fallen since 1980. Dr. Ezzati credits improved testing and treatment in wealthy countries. He says a decrease in the use of salt and unhealthful fats probably also helped.
In the United States, new guidelines urge Americans to reduce salt, sugar and fatty meats and to eat more fish and whole grains. People are being urged to choose water over sugared drinks and to make fruits and vegetables half of a meal. But whatever they eat, Americans are being urged to follow new advice from the government: eat less.
Lynn Goldman, dean of public health at George Washington University, praised the dietary guidelines released last week.
LYNN GOLDMAN: "This is a call to go back to older ways of eating, to eating whole foods, whole grains, fruits and vegetables, more healthy foods. And hopefully these guidelines will be noticed worldwide and people will take steps to both increase their physical activity and to eat healthier."
And that's the VOA Special English Health Report, written by Caty Weaver. I'm Steve Ember.
cholesterol: a substance found in blood, fat and most tissues of the body. Too much cholesterol can cause heart disease. 胆固醇
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（来源：VOA 编辑：崔旭燕）
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