奥巴马访华“中美联合声明”中英对照-英语点津

2009年11月17日，北京

November 17, 2009

Beijing, China

应中华人民共和国主席胡锦涛邀请，美利坚合众国总统贝拉克·奥巴马于2009年11月15日至18日对中国进行国事访问。两国元首就中美关系和其他共同关心的问题进行了深入、坦诚的会谈，成果丰富。双方积极评价中美建交三十年来两国关系取得的巨大发展，并就推进新时期中美关系发展达成一致。奥巴马总统将分别与中国全国人大常委会委员长吴邦国、国务院总理温家宝举行会见。奥巴马总统还与中国青年人进行了交流并回答他们的提问。

At the invitation of President Hu Jintao of the People's Republic ofChina, President Barack Obama of the United States of America is payinga state visit to China from November 15-18, 2009. The Presidents heldin-depth, productive and candid discussions on U.S.-China relations andother issues of mutual interest. They highlighted the substantialprogress in U.S.-China relations over the past 30 years since the establishment of diplomatic ties, and they reached agreement to advanceU.S.-China relations in the new era. President Obama will have separate meetings with Wu Bangguo, Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and Premier Wen Jiabao. President Obama also spoke with and answered questions from Chinese youth.

一、中美关系

I. The U.S.-China Relationship

双方认为，两国领导人保持密切交往对确保中美关系长期健康稳定发展至关重要。双方认为两国元首今年以来的三次会晤和两国其他重要双边交往加强了两国关系。奥巴马总统邀请胡锦涛主席于明年访问美国，胡主席愉快地接受了邀请。两国领导人将继续通过互访、会晤、通话、书信等方式保持密切沟通。

The United States and China agreed that regular exchanges between leaders of the two countries are essential to the long-term, sound, and steady growth of U.S.-China relations. The two sides are of the view that the three meetings between the two presidents and other important bilateral exchanges this year have strengthened relations. President Obama invited President Hu to make a visit to the United States next year, and President Hu accepted the invitation with pleasure. Leaders of the two countries will continue to maintain close communication through mutual visits, meetings, telephone conversations and correspondence.

双方高度评价中美战略与经济对话机制的重要作用，认为对话为两国增进理解、扩大共识、减少分歧、寻求对共同问题的解决办法提供了独特的平台。双方认为今年七月在华盛顿举行的首轮对话成果丰硕，同意切实履行双方在首轮对话中所作承诺并将于2010年夏天在北京举行第二轮对话。双方同意继续利用高层领导人的直接联系渠道就重大敏感问题保持及时沟通，将两国外长年度互访机制化，并鼓励两国其他部门高级官员经常互访。

The United States and China spoke highly of the important role ofthe U.S.-China Strategic and Economic Dialogue and recognized that the Dialogue offers a unique forum to promote understanding, expand common ground, reduce differences, and develop solutions to common problems. Both sides believed that the first round of the Dialogue held in Washington, D.C., in July this year was a fruitful one and agreed to honor in good faith the commitments made and hold the second round in Beijing in the summer of 2010. The two sides agreed that they will continue to use the direct communication links among senior leaders to maintain timely communication on major and sensitive issues,institutionalize the annual exchange of visits by the two foreign ministers and encourage senior officials of other departments of the two countries to exchange visits on a regular basis.

双方积极评价中国中央军事委员会副主席徐才厚上将今年10月访美成果，表示将采取具体措施推进两军关系未来持续、可靠地向前发展。双方将共同做好2010年中国人民解放军总参谋长陈炳德上将访美和美国国防部长罗伯特·盖茨、美军参谋长联席会议主席迈克尔·马伦上将访华有关准备工作，积极落实两军已商定的各项交流与合作计划，包括提高两军交往的级别和频率。上述措施旨在加强双方开展务实合作的能力，增进对彼此意图和国际安全环境的理解。

The United States and China commended the outcomes of the visit to the United States by General Xu Caihou, Vice Chairman of the Chinese Central Military Commission, in October this year, and stated that they will take concrete steps to advance sustained and reliable military-to-military relations in the future. The two sides will prepare for the visit to the United States by General Chen Bingde,Chief of the General Staff of China's People's Liberation Army, and the visits to China by Robert Gates, the U.S. Secretary of Defense, and Admiral Michael Mullen, Chairman of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff. The two sides will actively implement various exchange and cooperation programs agreed between the two militaries, including by increasing the level and frequency of exchanges. The goal of these efforts is to improve their capabilities for practical cooperation and foster greater understanding of each other's intentions and of the international security environment.

双方同意在平等互利基础上深化反恐磋商与合作，加强执法合作。双方同意以对等的方式及时就执法事务交换证据和情报。双方将就共同关心的案件开展联合调查，并为对方提供调查协助。双方将加强在刑事调查方面的合作，深化在打击贪污、禁毒和前体化学品控制、打击非法移民活动方面的合作，加强在打击跨国犯罪和犯罪集团以及反洗钱和包括打击制造伪钞、追讨非法资金在内的反恐融资领域的共同努力，并打击走私和贩卖人口。

The United States and China agreed to deepen counter-terrorism consultation and cooperation on an equal and mutually beneficial basisand to strengthen law-enforcement cooperation. They agreed to exchange evidence and intelligence on law enforcement issues in a timely and reciprocal manner. The two countries will undertake joint investigations and provide investigative assistance on cases of mutualinterest. The United States and China will strengthen cooperation on criminal investigations and deepen collaboration in combating embezzlement as well as in counter-narcotics and pre-cursor chemical control and in combating unlawful migration. They also will boost joint efforts to combat transnational crime and criminal organizations as well as money laundering and the financing of terrorism including counterfeiting and recovery of illicit funds. They will work to combat smuggling and human trafficking.

美方重申支持中国上海举办2010年世博会。

The United States reaffirmed its support for Expo 2010 Shanghai.

双方积极评价《中美科技合作协定》签署三十年来两国科技合作与交流取得的丰硕成果，同意通过中美科技合作联委会进一步提升两国在科技创新领域交流与合作的水平。

The United States and China applauded the rich achievements inscientific and technological cooperation and exchanges between the two countries over the past 30 years since the signing of the U.S.-China Agreement on Cooperation in Science and Technology andagreed to further upgrade the level of exchanges and cooperation inscientific and technological innovation through the U.S.-China Joint Commission on Science and Technology Cooperation.

双方期待本着透明、对等和互利原则，就航天科学合作加强讨论并在载人航天飞行和航天探索方面开启对话。双方欢迎美国国家航空航天局局长和中方相应官员在2010年实现互访。

The United States and China look forward to expanding discussions onspace science cooperation and starting a dialogue on human space flightand space exploration, based on the principles of transparency,reciprocity and mutual benefit. Both sides welcome reciprocal visitsof the NASA Administrator and the appropriate Chinese counterpart in2010.

双方同意加强民用航空领域合作，确认愿扩大《中国民用航空局与美国联邦航空局民航技术合作协议备忘录》。双方欢迎两国公共和私营机构在高速铁路基础设施建设方面进行合作。

The United States and China agreed to strengthen their cooperation on civil aviation, and confirmed their intent to expand the Memorandum of Agreement for Technical Cooperation in the field of Civil Aviationbetween the Federal Aviation Administration of the United States of America and the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC). The two sides welcomed cooperation by public and private bodies on the development of high speed railway infrastructure.

双方承诺将落实最近签署的《中美两国农业部关于农业合作的谅解备忘录》。

The United States and China undertook to implement the newly signed Memorandum of Understanding Between the Department of Agriculture of the United States of America and the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China on Cooperation in Agriculture and Related Fields.

双方同意就卫生健康领域进一步开展联合研究，包括干细胞联合研究等。双方将深化在全球公共卫生领域的合作，包括甲型H1N1流感的预防、监控、报告和控制以及禽流感、艾滋病毒及艾滋病、肺结核、疟疾。双方还将加强在食品安全和产品质量方面的合作。

The two countries agreed to collaborate further in joint research inthe health sector including on stem cells. They will deepen cooperation on global public health issues, including Influenza A(H1N1) prevention, surveillance, reporting and control, and on avianinfluenza, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria. They will also enhance cooperation on food and product safety and quality.

双方强调各国及各国人民都有权选择自身发展道路。各国应相互尊重对方对于发展模式的选择。双方都认识到，中国与美国在人权领域存在分歧。双方本平等和相互尊重的精神处理有关分歧，并按照国际人权文书促进和保护人权，决定于2010年2月底前在华盛顿举行下一轮中美人权对话。双方认为在法律领域促进合作并就法治问题交流符合两国人民和政府的利益和需要。双方决定尽早举行中美法律专家对话。

The United States and China underlined that each country and itspeople have the right to choose their own path, and all countries should respect each other's choice of a development model. Both sidesrecognized that the United States and China have differences on the issue of human rights. Addressing these differences in the spirit ofequality and mutual respect, as well as promoting and protecting human rights consistent with international human rights instruments, the twosides agreed to hold the next round of the official human rightsdialogue in Washington D.C. by the end of February 2010. The United States and China agreed that promoting cooperation in the field of lawand exchanges on the rule of law serves the interests and needs of thecitizens and governments of both countries. The United States and China decided to convene the U.S.-China Legal Experts Dialogue at anearly date.

双方认为，人文交流对促进更加紧密的中美关系具有重要作用。为促进人文交流，双方原则同意建立一个新的双边机制。双方高兴地看到近年来在彼此国家留学的人数不断增加。当前在美国的中国留学人员已接近十万人，美方将接受更多中国留学人员赴美学习并为中国留学人员赴美提供签证便利。美国在华留学人员约有两万名。美方将启动一个鼓励更多美国人来华留学的新倡议，今后四年向中国派遣十万名留学人员。中方欢迎美方上述决定。双方同意加紧商谈并于2010年续签《中华人民共和国政府和美利坚合众国政府文化协定2010至2012年执行计划》，并适时在美合作举办第二届“中美文化论坛”。

The two countries noted the importance of people-to-people and cultural exchanges in fostering closer U.S.-China bilateral relations and therefore agreed in principle to establish a new bilateralmechanism to facilitate these exchanges. The two sides are pleased tonote the continued increase in the number of students studying in eachother's country in recent years. Nearly 100,000 Chinese are nowstudying in the United States, and the U.S. side will receive moreChinese students and facilitate visa issuance for them. The UnitedStates has approximately 20,000 students in China. The United States seeks to encourage more Americans to study in China by launching a new initiative to send 100,000 students to China over the coming fouryears. China welcomed this decision by the United States. The twosides agreed to expedite negotiations to renew in 2010 the Implementing Accord for Cultural Exchange for the Period Through 2010-2012 under theCultural Agreement Between the Government of the United States ofAmerica and the Government of the People's Republic of China. TheUnited States and China agreed to jointly hold the Second U.S.-ChinaCultural Forum in the United States at an appropriate time.

二、建立和深化双边战略互信

II. Building and Deepening Bilateral Strategic Trust

双方认为，21世纪全球性挑战日益增多，世界各国相互依存不断加深，对和平、发展与合作的需求增强。中美在事关全球稳定与繁荣的众多重大问题上，拥有更加广泛的合作基础，肩负更加重要的共同责任。两国应进一步加强协调与合作，共同应对挑战，为促进世界和平、安全、繁荣而努力。

The United States and China are of the view that in the 21stcentury, global challenges are growing, countries are moreinterdependent, and the need for peace, development, and cooperation isincreasing. The United States and China have an increasingly broadbase of cooperation and share increasingly important commonresponsibilities on many major issues concerning global stability andprosperity. The two countries should further strengthen coordinationand cooperation, work together to tackle challenges, and promote worldpeace, security and prosperity.

双方认为，培育和深化双边战略互信对新时期中美关系发展至关重要。在双方讨论中，中方表示，中国始终不渝走和平发展道路，始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略，致力于推动建立持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。美方重申，美方欢迎一个强大、繁荣、成功、在国际事务中发挥更大作用的中国。美方表示，美国致力于与其他国家共同努力应对所面临的最困难的国际问题。中方表示，欢迎美国作为一个亚太国家为本地区和平、稳定与繁荣作出努力。双方重申致力于建设21世纪积极合作全面的中美关系，并将采取切实行动稳步建立应对共同挑战的伙伴关系。

The two countries believe that to nurture and deepen bilateralstrategic trust is essential to U.S.-China relations in the new era. During their discussions, the Chinese side said that it resolutelyfollows the path of peaceful development and a win-win strategy ofopening-up, and is committed to promoting the building of a harmoniousworld of enduring peace and common prosperity. The United Statesreiterated that it welcomes a strong, prosperous and successful Chinathat plays a greater role in world affairs. The United States statedthat it is committed to working with other countries in addressing themost difficult international problems they face. China welcomes theUnited States as an Asia-Pacific nation that contributes to peace,stability and prosperity in the region. The two sides reiterated thatthey are committed to building a positive, cooperative andcomprehensive U.S.-China relationship for the 21st century, and willtake concrete actions to steadily build a partnership to address commonchallenges.

双方强调台湾问题在中美关系中的重要性。中方强调，台湾问题涉及中国主权和领土完整，希望美方信守有关承诺，理解和支持中方在此问题上的立场。美方表示奉行一个中国政策，遵守中美三个联合公报的原则。美方欢迎台湾海峡两岸关系和平发展，期待两岸加强经济、政治及其他领域的对话与交互，建立更加积极、稳定的关系。

The United States and China underscored the importance of the Taiwanissue in U.S.-China relations. China emphasized that the Taiwan issueconcerns China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, and expressedthe hope that the United States will honor its relevant commitments andappreciate and support the Chinese side's position on this issue. TheUnited States stated that it follows its one China policy and abides bythe principles of the three U.S.-China joint communiqués. The UnitedStates welcomes the peaceful development of relations across the TaiwanStrait and looks forward to efforts by both sides to increase dialoguesand interactions in economic, political, and other fields, and developmore positive and stable cross-Strait relations.

双方重申，互相尊重主权和领土完整这一根本原则是指导中美关系的中美三个联合公报的核心。双方均不支持任何势力破坏这一原则的任何行动。双方一致认为，尊重彼此核心利益对确保中美关系稳定发展极端重要。

The two countries reiterated that the fundamental principle ofrespect for each other's sovereignty and territorial integrity is atthe core of the three U.S.-China joint communiqués which guideU.S.-China relations. Neither side supports any attempts by any forceto undermine this principle. The two sides agreed that respecting eachother's core interests is extremely important to ensure steady progressin U.S.-China relations.

双方认为，中美两国在共同应对全球挑战方面开展合作，有助于促进世界繁荣与安全。双方重申1998年6月27日作出的关于不把各自控制下的战略核武器瞄准对方的承诺。双方认为，两国在推动和平利用外空方面拥有共同利益，双方同意采取步骤加强外空安全。双方同意通过中美战略与经济对话、两军交往等渠道就具有战略重要性的问题进行讨论。

The United States and China believe that bilateral cooperation oncommon global challenges will contribute to a more prosperous andsecure world. They reaffirmed their commitment made on 27 June 1998not to target at each other the strategic nuclear weapons under theirrespective control. The two sides believed that the two countries havecommon interests in promoting the peaceful use of outer space and agreeto take steps to enhance security in outer space. The two sides agreedto discuss issues of strategic importance through such channels as theU.S.-China Strategic and Economic Dialogue and military-to-militaryexchanges.

双方同意通过现有磋商和对话渠道，根据国际法准则，在相互尊重管辖权和利益的基础上妥善处理军事安全和海上安全问题。

The United States and China agreed to handle through existingchannels of consultations and dialogue military security and maritimeissues in keeping with norms of international law and on the basis ofrespecting each other's jurisdiction and interests.