如何防范手机黑客，教您几个妙招

The government hack of an iPhone used by a San Bernardino killer serves as a reminder that phones and other electronic devices aren't impenetrable vaults.
政府雇佣黑客成功破解圣贝纳迪诺案件杀手的iPhone数据的案例，警醒我们，手机和其他电子设备并不像银行金库那样安全可靠，牢不可破。

While most people aren't targets of the NSA, FBI or a foreign government, hackers are looking to steal the financial and personal information of ordinary people.
虽然大多数人的金融账户和个人信息并非国家安全局、联邦调查局，或外国政府的调查目标，但却时刻可能成为黑客的窃取对象。

Your phone stores more than just selfies. Your email account on the phone, for instance, is a gateway to resetting banking and other sensitive passwords.
您的手机中不仅存有自拍，还有许多其他关键信息。例如，黑客可通过电子邮箱账户，重置您的银行账户密码和其他敏感密码。

Like washing your hands and brushing your teeth, a little 'cyber hygiene' can go a long way toward preventing disaster.
“网络清洁”虽然是不起眼的小事，但就像洗手和刷牙一样，可以为您省去大麻烦。

LOCK YOUR PHONE WITH A PASSCODE
使用锁屏密码

Failing to do so is like leaving your front door unlocked.
手机不设密码锁，就像家里没人、门户大开一样，毫无安全可言。

A four-digit passcode - and an accompanying self-destruct feature that might wipe a phone's data after too many wrong guesses - stumped the FBI for weeks and forced them to bring in outside help.
别小看这一串四位数密码，输错太多次的话，手机就会自动抹掉数据。连FBI调查员都被这难倒，不得不请外援帮助。

Using six digits makes a passcode 100 times harder to guess.
六位密码要比四位密码难猜100倍。

And if you want to make it even harder, you can add letters and other characters to further increase the number of possible combinations.
如果想让密码更难猜，可以添加些字母或其他字符，这会进一步降低猜中几率，增加破解难度。

These are options on both iPhones and Android.
iPhone和安卓手机都有这些选项。

The iPhone's self-destruct feature is something you must turn on in the settings, under Touch ID & Passcode.
要打开iPhone的数据自动销毁功能，你可以在设置里面的Touch ID & Passcode选项下操作。

Do so, and the phone wipes itself clean after 10 failed attempts. But the 10 attempts apply to your guesses, too, if you forget your passcode, or if your kids start randomly punching in numbers. Android has a similar feature.
这样设置以后，输错密码10次，手机就会自动抹掉数据。但是，如果您真忘记了密码，或者熊孩子随手乱按数字，手机也会在密码输错10次后自动销毁数据。安卓系统也有类似的功能。

Both systems will also introduce waiting periods after several wrong guesses to make it tough to try all combos.
密码输错几次后，iPhone和安卓系统都会进入停用模式，所以很难再继续试密码。

Biometrics, such as fingerprint scanners, can act as a shortcut and make complex passcodes less of a pain.
我们还能通过指纹验证等生物识别技术，方便快捷地进行验证，免去输入密码的麻烦。

USE ENCRYPTION
使用加密功能

Much to the FBI's displeasure, iPhones running at least iOS 8 offer full-disk encryption by default.
更让联邦调查局头疼的是，iPhone从iOS8系统版本开始，默认为全磁盘提供加密功能。

That means that the information stored on the phone can't be extracted - by authorities or by hackers - and read on another computer.
这意味着，无论政府或者黑客，都无法在另一台电脑上读取手机所储存的信息。

If the phone isn't unlocked first, any information obtained would be scrambled and unreadable.
如果手机没有被解锁，从中获取的任何信息都是不可读的乱码。

With Android, however, you typically have to turn that on in the settings.
对于安卓系统，你得在设置中开启加密功能。

Google's policy requires many phones with the latest version of Android, including its own Nexus phones, to offer encryption by default.
针对默认加密服务，谷歌的政策要求手机安装最新安卓系统，包括谷歌自己的Nexus手机，内附加密升级版软件。

But, according to Google, only 2.3 percent of active Android devices currently are running that version.
但据谷歌数据统计，目前只有2.3%的安卓活跃用户在使用该版本。

SET UP DEVICE FINDERS
设置手机寻找功能

Find My iPhone isn't just for finding your phone in the couch cushions.
“查找我的iPhone”功能并不是在沙发垫上找手机那么简单。

If your device disappears, you can put it in Lost Mode. That locks your screen with a passcode, if it isn't already, and lets you display a custom message with a phone number to help you get it back.
如果手机不见了，您可以通过密码将其设置成丢失模式，锁定手机。锁定前，您还可以在自己的iPhone上显示用来取得联系的电话号码，帮助找回手机。

The app comes with iPhones, but you need to set it up before you lose your phone. Look for the Find iPhone app in the Extras folder.
虽然这项应用程序是iPhone自带的，但是你得在手机丢失前设置好。打开Extras文件夹，即可找到Find iPhone应用。

Meanwhile, Activation Lock makes it harder for thieves to sell your device.
与此同时，有了激活锁定功能，小偷也很难将赃物卖出。

The phone becomes unusable - it can't be reactivated - without knowing its Apple ID. The feature kicks in automatically on phones running at least iOS 7.
不知道苹果账户的ID和密码，就无法重新激活使用手机。iOS7系统版本以上的iPhone都自带这项功能。

If all else fails, you can remotely wipe the phone's data.
如果上述尝试都已失败，那么您只好远程抹掉手机数据。

While your information will be lost, at least it won't end up in the hands of a nefarious person.
哪怕手机信息全没了，也比落在坏人手里强。

There isn't anything comparable built into Android phones, but Google's Android Device Manager app, along with a handful of others made by third parties, can be downloaded for free from the Google Play app store.
虽然安卓系统目前没有类似功能，但谷歌的“安卓设备管理器”应用和第三方出品的一些其他软件也能发挥一定作用。这些应用可从谷歌官方电子市场免费下载。

BACK UP YOUR PHONE
备份手机数据

If you do have to remotely wipe the phone's data, it's comforting to know that you won't lose all your photos and other important data.
备份的好处令人欣慰，就算您不得不抹掉手机数据，也不会丢光照片和其他重要数据。

It's helpful, too, if your toddler dunks your phone in a glass of water.
熊孩子把你手机泡在一杯水里的时候，备份也派得上用场。

As mentioned before, apps such as Find My iPhone and Android Device Manager will allow you to do this, provided you set them up ahead of time.
如上所述，在事先备份的前提下，您可以通过“查找我的iPhone”和“安卓设备管理器”等应用恢复备份数据。

KEEP YOUR SOFTWARE UP TO DATE
更新软件

Software updates often contain fixes to known flaws that might give hackers a way into your device.
软件更新是为了修复旧版本中的缺陷和漏洞，将黑客入侵您手机设备的可能性降到最低。

On iPhones, Apple prompts you to get the update. Alternatively, you can go to Settings, General and Software Update to check which version you are running.
iPhone会自动提醒您更新系统。或者，您也可以通过“设置”-“通用”-“软件更新”栏目查看自己正使用的版本。

It's more complicated with Android because updates need to go through various phone manufacturers and wireless carriers first. But do install updates when asked.
安卓系统的更新情况更为复杂，因为更新数据需要通过多家手机制造商和无线运营商完成。即便如此，也请在系统要求时更新软件。

This also applies to apps. Keep them updated to make sure bugs and flaws can't be exploited.
这一建议同样适用于各种应用。务必保持更新，以防错误和漏洞被不法分子所利用。

Vocabulary

encryption: 加密；加密术
by default: 默认情况下
nefarious: 邪恶的；穷凶极恶的；不法的

英文来源：每日邮报
译者：赵梦莹
审校&编辑：丹妮、齐磊